The experience on the postgraduate education in the discipline of integration of Chinese and Western medicine for 16 years was summed up.The training objective of serving society,innovation and growth was put forward to replace the past educational objective of outstanding products,elites and delicacy.Some reform measures of postgraduate education were surveyed extensively including stratified teaching method,evaluation on student's effective achievements,and improvement of teachers’ teaching skills and evaluation results.A proposal was raised for setting up a nationwide accepted and normalized system of postgraduate education to improving the level and core competence of talent training in the discipline of integration of Chinese and Western medicine.
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSolution Conformation of [AF]dG Opposite a -1 Deletion Site in a DNA Duplex: Intercalation of the Covalently Attached Aminofluorene Ring into the Helix with Base Displacement of the C8-Modified Syn Guanine into the Major GrooveBing Mao, Monique Cosman, Brian E. Hingerty, Suse Broyde, and Dinshaw J. PatelCite this: Biochemistry 1995, 34, 18, 6226–6238Publication Date (Print):May 9, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 9 May 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00018a027https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00018a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views111Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (3)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
The clinical effect of Yupingfeng (YPF) has been confirmed in asthma patients, however, it lacks a study to verify its pharmacological mechanism. To reveal the molecular basis and potential pharmacological mechanism of YPF in the treatment of asthma. First, a systems pharmacology-based method integrating pharmacokinetic screening, target prediction, network analyses, GO and KEGG analyses were used for the systematic deciphering of the mechanism of YPF in asthma. Second, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between asthma patients and healthy controls were identified by GEO2R online tool. Third, based on systems pharmacology and DEGs results, molecular docking was performed utilizing the Discovery Studio 2020 Client version to detect the binding capacity between compounds and targets. Finally, ovalbumin (OVA)-challenged C57BL/6 mice were treated with YPF or its effective compound to assess the predictions. A total of 35 active compounds were filtered out, with 87 potential targets being identified for further analysis after target fishing and matching. Quercetin, kaempferol, and wogonin were identified as the main ingredients in YPF. The signaling pathways of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT), tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and IL-17 were identified as the top signaling pathways in KEGG enrichment analysis. GEO2R tools of NCBI discovered five DEGs that overlapped with the therapeutic targets of YPF. Wogonin was proven to be the top active compound in YPF through the results of molecular docking. In vivo experiments indicated that YPF and wogonin significantly attenuated airway resistance and lung inflammation by decreasing the levels of inflammatory cytokines and key factors in PI3K/AKT, IL-17, and TNF signaling pathways. YPF and its main active compound wogonin may exert some therapeutic effects on asthma inflammation through multiple molecular targets and signaling pathways including PI3K/AKT, IL-17 and TNF-α.
With usual molecular biology technique,IL 6 gene including sequence coded signal peptide was cloned and its expression plasmid was constructed. The sequence of the cloning IL 6 was the same as the result of published report and the construction of its expression plasmid was assayed correctly.
In order to increase the stability of hemoglobin tetramer,with computer modeling predication two α 99 lysines of α globin mutated to cysteines can form a disulfide bond,and two β 82 lysines of β globin mutated to cysteines can form a strong hydrogen bond so that they can stabilize the hemoglobin tetramer.With site directed mutagenesis technique,α 99 and β 82 lysines were mutated to cysteines.Then mutant α and β genes were introduced into the expression vector pBV220 and exhibited a high expression level after induction.The expression product was as inclusion body and the yield reached about 20% of total bacterial protein.The products were confirmed by Western blotting.
Background LMNA -related muscular dystrophy is caused by mutations in LMNA gene. We aimed to identify genetic variations and clinical features in a large cohort of Chinese patients with LMNA mutations in an attempt to establish genotype-phenotype correlation. Methods The clinical presentations of patients with LMNA -related muscular dystrophy were recorded using retrospective and prospective cohort study. LMNA mutation analysis was performed by Sanger sequencing or next-generation sequencing. Mosaicism was detected by personal genome machine amplicon deep sequencing for mosaicism. Results Eighty-four patients were identified to harbour LMNA mutations. Forty-one of those were diagnosed with LMNA -related congenital muscular dystrophy (L-CMD), 32 with Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (EDMD) and 11 with limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 1B (LGMD1B). We identified 21 novel and 29 known LMNA mutations. Two frequent mutations were identified: c.745C>T and c.1357C>T. A correlation between the location of mutation and the clinical phenotype was observed: mutations affecting the head and coil 2A domains mainly occurred in L-CMD, while the coil 2B and Ig-like domains mainly related to EDMD and LGMD1B. We found somatic mosaicism in one parent of four probands. Muscle biopsies revealed 11 of 20 biopsied L-CMD exhibited inflammatory changes, and muscle cell ultrastructure showed abnormal nuclear morphology. Conclusions Our detailed clinical and genetic analysis of 84 patients with LMNA -related muscular dystrophy expands clinical spectrum and broadens genetic variations caused by LMNA mutations. We identified 21 novel and 29 known LMNA mutations and found two frequent mutations. A correlation between the location of mutation and the clinical severity was observed. Preliminary data suggested that low-dose corticosteroid treatment may be effective.
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