Chinese readers' use of parafoveal character previews was examined. In Experiment 1, the preview of target characters consisted of targets or of graphemically similar, homophonic, or dissimilar characters. Each preview was replaced with the corresponding target when the eyes reached the target location. Oculomotor measures revealed preview benefits for targets, for graphemically similar characters, and for homophonic characters. Experiment 2 showed that parafoveal preview of graphemically similar characters yielded benefits primarily when they shared the phonetic radical with their targets. The phonological relationship between previewed radicals and subsequently viewed targets was ineffective. Chinese character processing thus involves the initial use of orthographic information from the phonetic radical and the activation of the character's phonological form.
We consider improving the performance of WebRTC-based mobile video telephony over a Wi-Fi link, which is susceptible to channel-caused or congestion-caused packet losses. Existing reactive packet loss mitigation mechanisms rely on end-to-end feedback, which takes about one round-trip time (RTT), causing excessive artifacts or video freeze in the received video in typical network scenarios. To address this problem, we propose early packet loss feedback (EPLF), where the MAC layer of the local Wi-Fi link sends a spoofed NACK to the Realtime Transport Protocol (RTP) layer if and only if the transmission failure is caused by a channel error, and the NACK immediately triggers an RTP layer retransmission. This significantly reduces the loss-feedback delay while improving the effectiveness of the RTP-layer congestion control. Analytic modeling and experimental results show that EPLF almost completely eliminates channel-caused video freezes.
Market is closely related to politics.Historically and theoretically,the establishment of farmers' market player has to be supported by their political principle role.The development of principal market player is also good to the political role.And the dominant role of farmers is the integration of market player and political body.
Neurophysiological studies of the auditory periphery show that synchrony coding is a robust representation of speech signals. Recent research demonstrated that models of the auditory periphery give superior performance as the front-end signal processor of a speech recognition system, especially when speech inputs are corrupted by noise [H. M. Meng and V. W. Zue, International Conference on Spoken Language Processing, 1053–1056 (1990)]. Here, an auditory periphery model is realized on silicon with analog integrated semiconductor technology to provide a real-time, low-power dissipation preprocessor for speech processing tasks such as speech recognition and aids for the deaf. The model, including the middle ear, the basilar membrane and the hair cell, and synapses, is presented along with the design features of analog CMOS implementation. The pattern of the multichannel outputs resembles the neurogram of the auditory-nerve fibers, i.e., the time-varying instantaneous discharge rates in fibers of various characteristic frequencies, in response to speech signals such as consonant-vowel syllables [H. E. Secker-Walker and C. L. Searle, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 88, 1427–1436 (1990)].
E-Learning and E-Teaching as network education was introduced. WWW education mode is its main form, whose attention shall be centered on role transition for student from negative receiver to positive participant and creative teacher roles' variety shall be focused. Other aspects like examination mode shall also be reformed.
The measures were presented in details about controlling the pavement planeness of Jingguan Ave.in Luoyang New Area.The quality control and the structure method of asphalt pavement planeness construction were introduced.The case proved that the road planeness was the vital technique index of the whole service level of the roads net,and it also was the main factor of the road general quality.
Based on the successful application of crossbreed true potato seed(TPS) groups introduced from international potato center(CIP) in Yunnan province and climates and environmental idiosyncrasy of Yunnan plateau,the parent materials of introduced TPS groups were used to study the key techniques of TPS seed production in Yunnan,and formed a set of integrated seed production techniques of TPS suit for Yunnan.Results showed that,for enhancing fruit rate efficiently,propriety florescence of female parent should be selected to repeated pollination.Optimum season for seed production of TPS was July to September in Kunming,and morning was more suitable for seed production.Average fruit rate pollinated in the morning were remarkably higher than that pollinated in the afternoon.Number of flower,fruit rate,size and number were gradually decreased from the first inflorescence to the fourth inflorescence bedplate of female parent;female parent was male yield and natural seeds producing were the result of insect-vector pollination.It was feasible to produce seeds in the isolated condition.
In kinematic analyses of sports performances,the smooth method is necessary to reduce the errors. In this paper,the comparison in different smooth degree has been examined by an experiment.It is evident that the effect of smooth on the extremum can not be ignored.
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