Castleman disease (CD) is a rare nonmalignant lymphoproliferative disorder presenting systemic symptoms such as fever, night sweats, fatigue, anemia, effusions, and multifocal lymphadenopathy. The etiology of CD has not been clarified to date. The coexistence of CD with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (B-ALL/LBL) has been rarely reported. Although the pathogenesis remains unclear, this association probably reflects an incidental and fortuitous finding rather than the alteration of a common pluripotent stem cell precursor. Herein, the study reports on one case of CD coexisting with B-ALL/LBL and elucidates the underlying mechanism of pathology in some aspects.
Injectable and self-repairing hydrogels with tunable gelation time have excellent application prospects in drug release and tissue engineering. In this study, we synthesized the above hydrogels through acylhydrazone bonds between the polyacrylate containing the aldehyde group and azobenzene group (P(Azo-co-EGMA)) and the P(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylhydrazide) containing the hydrazide group (P(NIPAM-co-AH)). The gelation time (tsol–gel) could be controlled from a few seconds (<5 s) to several hours (20 h) by changing the total polymer concentration or the molecular weight of the polymers. After a period of hydrogel formation observed by the vial inversion method, the hydrogel reached a stable state, and the stable hydrogel state time (tstable) recorded by diffusing wave spectroscopy (DWS) was much longer than tsol–gel. The elasticity index (EI = 217391) of stabilized hydrogel Gel 7 formed by polymers with higher molecular weight was about five times that of hydrogel Gel 4 formed by polymers with lower molecular weight, and the elastic modulus (G′ = 1766 Pa) of Gel 7 at the same frequency was about four times that of Gel 4. Besides, the gelation behavior could also be adjusted by adding β-cyclodextrins (β-CDs) and UV irradiation. The hydrogels displayed fast self-healing ability without any external stimuli and achieved pH-responsive sol–gel transition. Moreover, the hydrogels exhibited injectable ability and biocompatibility, which made the hydrogels more promising.
Constructing synthetic materials to interact with cells offers significant promise for understanding natural cellular processes and manipulating cell behaviors beyond nature’s capabilities. Peptide assemblies are particular promising in this regard, as they have demonstrated efficacy in promoting cell differentiation, repair, and regeneration as supportive scaffolds. However, distinct gaps persist between natural and synthetic assembly systems in various aspects. This Concept review explores representative studies focusing on developing chemical strategies to design peptide assemblies with precise control over displayed molecules, adjustable molecular dynamics to modulate cell behaviors, and responsiveness to biological stimuli. This paper would inspire more fundamental studies on molecular assemblies and foster inter‐disciplinary interests in material applications, advancing the interplay between natural cells and synthetic materials.
The fatigue failure behaviors of intermittent jointed rock masses subjected to repeated stress waves are investigated on the basis of experiments. In order that failure modes in the experiments can be easily observed,all specimens are made of transparent organic glass plate. A tailor-made exploder is used to offer dynamic loads. For static loading,axial stress is provided by a testing machine,and lateral stress is given by a set of jack. Affecting factors which may influence the dynamic fatigue failure property of rock mass,such as joints angles,stuffing characteristics and lateral pressures,are analyzed. Experimental results indicate that damage accumulation of intermittence rock mass is markedly related to the intersection angle between joints and propagation direction of stress waves,and damage distribution will be more nonuniform with the increase of that angle. When the intersection angles are small,the initiation of wing cracks near the tip of joints and damage accumulation are even correspondingly. But for larger intersection angles,fracture and damage are localized on the side of incident waves. For different stuffing cases,results show that joints stuffed with fillings are more favorable for the propagation of stress waves than that of unfilled;but stuffing may decrease the rate of damage accumulation and increase the fatigue life of rock mass. Also,the rate of damage accumulation is controlled by lateral pressure,which decreases along with the increase of lateral pressure. These experimental results show that the fatigue failure of intermittent jointed rock masses are quite complex.
Steel structures in corrosive environment are often subjected to coupling effect and damage caused by corrosion and fatigue. This paper proposed a new assessment method to study corrosion fatigue life of steel structure, including the effect of cyclic loading and corrosion damage. Based on mechanical factors, the corrosion depth of structure under cyclic loading at different time intervals was defined by a mathematical model for corrosion damage. A finite element model was established to calculate structure damage. Finally, the cumulative damage could be obtained by Miner guidelines to assess the fatigue life. Comparing traditional methods, the coupling effect of corrosion and fatigue were taken into account by this new method. According to this new method, the results showed that the calculated corrosion rate was faster, and the corrosion fatigue life shorter. Corrosion fatigue could cause more damage to structure than was expected. Furthermore, this method was convenient and practical for assessing/estimating the corrosion fatigue life of normal steel structure.
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