To explore the clinicobiologic features and outcomes of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients in China according to the primary site.A total of 1,085 patients diagnosed with DLBCL in National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College during a 6-year period were enrolled. Their clinical characteristics and outcomes were analyzed according to the primary site.In the 1,085 patients, 679 (62.6%) cases were nodal DLBCL (N-DLBCL) and 406 cases (37.4%) were extranodal DLBCL (EN-DLBCL). The most common sites of N-DLBCL were lymphonodus (64.8%), Waldeyer's ring (19.7%), mediastinum (12.8%) and spleen (2.7%), while in EN-DLBCL, stomach (22.4%), intestine (16.0%), nose and sinuses (8.9%), testis (8.4%), skin (7.9%), thyroid (6.9%), central nervous system (CNS) (6.4%), breast (5.7%), bone (3.4%), and salivary gland (2.7%) were most common. N-DLBCL patients tend to present B symptoms, bulky disease, and elevated LDH more often, while age >60 years, extranodal sites >1, Ann Arbor stage I or II, bone marrow involvement, and Ki-67 index >90% were usually seen in EN-DLBCL. The 5-year overall survival (OS) rate and progression-free survival (PFS) rate for all patients were 62.5% and 54.2%. The 5-year OS rate for patients with N-DLBCL and EN-DLBCL were 65.5% and 56.9% (P=0.008), and the 5-year PFS were 57.0% and 49.0% (P=0.020). Waldeyer's ring originated DLBCL possessed the highest 5-year OS rate (83.6%) and PFS rate (76.9%) in N-DLBCL. The top five EN-DLBCL subtypes with favorable prognosis were stomach, breast, nose and sinuses, lung, salivary gland, with 5-year OS rate: 70.3%, 69.6%, 69.4%, 66.7% and 63.6%, respectively. While CNS, testis, oral cavity and kidney originated EN-DLBCL faced miserable prognosis, with 5-year OS rate of 26.9%, 38.2%, and 42.9%.In our study, primary sites were associated with clinical characteristics and outcomes. Compared with EN-DLBCL, N-DLBCL had better prognosis.
Antibiotics have emerged as a well-known representative of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) by causing public health and environmental problems due to their potential toxicity. β-lactams are the most commonly used antibiotics in the world. This study used zebrafish embryos to evaluate the toxicity of β-lactams. The results showed that 23 β-lactam compounds induced malformation and death in a concentration-response manner. Moreover, this study established and validated quantitative structure-toxicity relationship (QSTR) models for the toxicity of β-lactams in zebrafish. These models performed well and fast in the prediction of the acute toxicity of β-lactams. Structural interpretation indicated that the β-lactam ring, the thiazolidine/dihydrothiazine rings, the side chains, and spatial configuration are the main factors responsible for the toxicity of β-lactams. The results from our previous studies and this study also revealed that the potential biological risks caused by β-lactams and their degradation products could not be ignored. This study provided important data for further environmental risk assessment of β-lactams and regulatory purposes.
Increasing evidence indicates that impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) is independently associated with chronic kidney disease, but the characteristics and underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown.Here, the cross-sectional study was performed to study the characteristics of IGT-induced renal injury (IGT-RI). Furthermore, urine microRNA profile was evaluated and microRNAs involved in tubular injury were determined by in-vitro experiments.It was found that 12.1% of IGT patients had microalbuminuria, which we termed "IGT-RI." Overall, 100% of patients with IGT-RI exhibited reabsorption dysfunction and 58.3% had structural damage in the renal tubules. Two-hour postprandial insulin, retinol-binding protein, and N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase were significantly associated with microalbuminuria and they were independent risk factors for IGT-RI. The expression of mir-7977 was altered in IGT-RI patients and may be involved in cellular response to oxidative stress. In proximal tubule epithelial cells in vitro, a high level of insulin increased the expression of mir-7977 and decreased that of sirtuin 3 (SIRT3), leading to oxidative stress. Overexpression of mir-7977 further decreased SIRT3 expression, whereas inhibition of mir-7977 had the opposite effect. Furthermore, mir-7977 can bind to the 3'-untranslated region of SIRT3 mRNA and inhibit its expression. Moreover, inhibition of SIRT3 reduced the expression of cubilin and the endocytosis of albumin.In conclusion, IGT-RI mainly manifests as tubular injury, especially reabsorption dysfunction. Compensatory hyperinsulinemia may be involved. A high level of insulin can activate mir-7977/SIRT3 signaling, resulting in tubular injury by inducing oxidative stress as well as reabsorption dysfunction by inhibiting the expression of cubilin, ultimately contributing to IGT-RI.
Objective To assess diagnostic and differential diagnostic value of multi-slice spiral CT with multi-planar reconstructions in the bronchial wall thickening and its demonstration.Methods Fifty patients including central lung cancer (n=42),endobronchial tuberculosis (n=6),and intrabronchial benign lesion (n=2) were performed on spiral CT examinations.All the final diagnosis was proved by pathology.All patients were performed on GE Lightspeed 99 scanner,using 10 mm collimation,pitch of 1.35,and reconstructed at 1 mm intervals and 1.25 mm thickness.The chest images were viewed by two radiologists separately.The observations and measurement included the bronchial wall thickness of bronchopulmonary segments (T) and the length of the bronchial thickened wall (L).Results (1) In 42 cases of central lung cancer,the mean T was 14.5 mm and the mean L was 25.2 mm.The T/L ratio was 0.58.(2) In central lung cancer,the thickness and the length of bronchial thickened wall on multi-planar reconstructions and traverse CT were markedly different(P0.05,P0.01,respectively).(3) The T/L ratio of 6 cases of endobronchial tuberculosis was 0.17 (4) The thickness,the length,and the T/L ratio of thickened wall due to central lung cancer and endobronchial tuberculosis were markedly different (P0.05,P0.01, and P0.01,respectively).Conclusion Spiral CT with multi-planar reconstructions could provide additional information in demonstrating the bronchial thickened wall.The T/L ratio was helpful in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of central lung cancer.
This paper mainly discussed using Extrusion expanding technology and other methods to improve the insoluble of maize protein.We are trying to find out the method of improving the degree of hydrolysis though diffent modifiantion.the results showed that the NSI of maize protein is highest by using Extrusion expanding technology,meanwhile the color of maize protein significantly become lighter and the digestibility can also be improved though the extrstion process.Several enzyemes were respectively used to hydrolyze maize protein for screening the best one.Alkali protease Alcalase was confirmed as the optimum enzyeme.Experiment results indicated that when the hydrolysis of Alkali protease are hydrolysis time 3.0 h,the degree of hydrolysis is 34.7%.
Introduction Urinary incontinence (UI) is common in postpartum women and can lead to a reduced quality of life and withdrawal from fitness and exercise activities. Conservative management interventions such as pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT), use of vaginal cones, and biofeedback have been recommended as first‐line treatment. We aimed to explore the effects of conservative interventions on UI rate, severity, and incontinence‐specific quality of life in postpartum women with UI. Methods Nine databases were searched from inception to August 2022: PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, CINAHL, Wanfang, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Biological Medicine, and VIP Journal Integration Platform. Randomized controlled trials examining the effects of conservative interventions on postpartum UI were included. Results Initial searches produced 1839 results, of which 17 studies were eligible. All included studies had a low to moderate risk of bias. Supervised PFMT and use of a vaginal cone were more effective than individual PFMT in decreasing rates of UI (odds ratio, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.14‐0.61). Individual PFMT combined with acupuncture (mean difference, −1.91; 95% CI, −2.46 to −1.37) or electroacupuncture and supervised PFMT combined with moxibustion were more effective than individual supervised PFMT alone in improving the severity of symptoms. Furthermore, electrical stimulation and biofeedback combined with acupoint stimulation or core training were more effective than electrical stimulation and biofeedback alone. For improving the incontinence‐specific quality of life, supervised PFMT was more efficacious than individual PFMT; electrical stimulation and biofeedback plus core training were more beneficial than electrical stimulation and biofeedback alone. Discussion Supervised PFMT and use of a vaginal cone were more beneficial in decreasing rates of UI compared with individual PFMT. Superior effects in decreasing UI severity may be achieved by combining PFMT or electrical simulation and biofeedback with other therapies. Electrical stimulation and biofeedback plus core training, as well as supervised PFMT, are most effective in improving incontinence‐specific quality of life. Further research is required to provide more evidence on the efficacy of these therapies.
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