BACKGROUND Secretoglobin family 3A member 2 (SCGB3A2) plays an important role in secreting lung surfactant protein, which is a downstream target of thyroid transcription factor. MATERIAL AND METHODS We investigated whether single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of SCGB3A2 gene contribute to susceptibility to asthma. To explore this possible association, 2 promoter SNPs (rs6882292, 659 G/A and rs1368408, -112 G/A) and missense SNP (rs151333009, stop codon) were tested in SCGB3A2 gene in 101 asthma patients and 377 healthy control subjects. SNPStats was used to obtain odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence intervals (CI), and P value adjusted for age and sex as covariables. Logistic regression method in each model (dominant, recessive, and log-additive) was applied to analyze genetic data. RESULTS rs151333009 SNP showed a monomorphic genotype. Two promoter SNPs (rs6882292, -659 G/A and rs1368408, -112 G/A) showed significant association with asthma (rs6882292, OR=2.66, 95% CI=1.42-5.01, p=0.0033 in dominant model, OR=2.45, 95% CI=1.33-4.54, p=0.0055 in log-additive model; rs1368408, OR=1.59, 95% CI=1.02-2.49, p=0.041 in dominant model, OR=3.02, 95% CI=1.15-7.90, p=0.03 in recessive model, OR=1.63, 95% CI=1.63, 95% CI=1.12-2.37, p=0.012 in log-additive model). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the promoter SNPs (rs6882292 and rs1368408) of SCGB3A2 gene may contribute to susceptibility to asthma in a Korean population.
Abstract Asthma is a chronic disease marked by airway hyperreactivity and inflammation. Bee venom(BV) has been traditionally used in oriental medicine to relieve pain and to treat chronic inflammatory diseases. Some recent reports suggest that BV maybe an effective treatment for patients with asthma. However, there are still some unanswered questions relating to efficacy of BV therapy in asthma. The CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cell(Treg) play an important role in regulating the immune response. Treg can reduce inflammation and allergic reactions through its inhibitory functions. In this study, we reasoned that BV inhibits inflammatory diseases by effect on Treg and examined the effect of BV in naïve mice. Diverse concentration was treated everyday for 5days and BV significantly expanded Treg on 1mg/kg concentration. This result proposes that BV can attenuate asthma. We used 7-10 weeks female Balb/c mice were sensitized with ovalbumin(OVA). As a result, BV decreased inflammatory cytokine secretion including IL-4, IL-5, IL-13 in bronchoalveolar lavage(BAL) fluid. Also BV was significantly decrease structural remodeling of the airway. The number of Neutrophil, Lymphocyte, Macrophage, and total cells were significantly lower in the BV group than the OVA group. These results suggest that BV has potential therapeutic value for controlling asthma responses resulting from exposure to allergens.
This study was designed to evaluate the effect of Agaricus blazei β-glucan and egg shell calcium complex on bone metabolism in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Forty Sprague-Dewley female rats, 10 weeks of age (248±1.7 g), were divided into 4 groups and fed on the experimental diets for 6 weeks: sham operated control treated with normal diet containing 0.5% calcium (Sham-C), OVX-control treated with normal diet containing 0.5% calcium (OVX-C), OVX-β-glucan group treated with β-glucan diet containing 0.5% calcium (OVX-G), and OVX-β-glucan egg shell calcium complex treated with OVX-β-glucan egg shell calcium complex containing 0.5% calcium (OVX-GE). Bone weight of femur was higher in the OVX-GE group than in the other OVX groups. Bone mineral density of femur was significantly different (p0.05) among the experimental groups and showed the highest level in the OVX-GE group. Calcium absorption rate and retention were higher in the β-glucan supplement groups than in the other groups (p＜0.05). Alkaline phosphatase activities and osteocalcin levels of serum showed lower in the β-glucan supplement groups than in the OVX-C group. Deoxypyridinoline crosslink values of urine, indicator of bone absorption, showed the lowest in the OVX-GE group. The β-glucan supplemented groups had a lower bone resorption ratio than in the OVX-C group. We concluded that bioavailability of calcium is higher in β-glucan supplement groups compared to those in OVX rats. From the above results, these findings suggest the possibility of using β-glucan egg shell calcium complex as a functional food material related to bone metabolism, even though there is no significant difference between the groups of β-glucan and β-glucan-egg shell calcium complex supplementation.
Achieving textbook outcomes (TOs) improves the short-term and long-term performance of a hospital. Our objective was to assess TOs in the laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) of tumors in the PS (posterosuperior) section of the liver and identify the impact of the learning curve. We conducted a retrospective cohort study analyzing patients who underwent LLR for lesions located in the PS segments. Patients were divided into a TO and no-TO group. TOs were defined as negative margins, no transfusion, no readmission, no major complications, no 30-day mortality, and a length of stay ≤ 50th percentile. Patients' outcomes were assessed in two study periods before and after 2015. TOs were achieved in 47.6% (
Abstract The middle layer of Phyllostachys nigra var. henonis (PN), Bambusae Calulis in Taeniam, has been used for cough and sputum for a long time. Cough is one of the major symptoms of asthma. However, there were few of scientific investigation about PN. To investigate the positive effect of PN on asthma, we measured the production of IL-4 of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BalF), Immunoglobulin E (IgE) level of serum and immune cell infiltration at lung tissue by HE stain in ovalbumin (OVA) induced asthma murine model (Balb/C, female, 6 weeks). In asthma model, there was IL-4 of BalF decreased by PN, however, it was not significantly. The IgE induced by OVA in serum significantly decreased by PN (40 mg/kg). Furthermore, we observed the decrease of immune cell infiltration up-regulated by OVA in lung tissue. We focused on decrease of cell infiltration by PN. Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and L-selectin regulate IgE production by controlling mast cell accumulation at sites of inflammation. And then we investigated the mRNA and protein levels of ICAM-1 and L-selectin in bone marrow mast cells (BMMC). BMMC were incubated with 10 ng/ml of TNF-alpha fnand IL-3 plus 1, 10 and 100 £gg/ml of PN for 4 hours. The mRNA and protein level were measeured by using RT-PCR and Fluorescence activated cell sorter (FACS). PN had down-regulated both mRNA and protein of ICAM-1, however, no difference at mRNA and protein of L-selectin in BMMC. Together all things, PN has anti allergy effects on asthma, based on down-regulation of ICAM-1. Acknowledgements: This study was supported by a grant from Seoul R&BD Program, Republic of Korea.
Objective: To identify the power of tumor markers for predicting ovarian cancer according to menopausal status.Methods: The medical records of 876 women with ovarian cysts were retrospectively reviewed.Cancer antigen 125 (CA 125), human epididymis protein 4 (HE4), and Risk of Ovarian Malignancy Algorithm (ROMA) were analyzed.Sensitivity, specificity, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses of these tumor markers were evaluated.Results: The sensitivity of ROMA was 66.7% and the specificity was 86.8% to detect ovarian malignancy.The patients were divided into 2 groups according to menopausal status: premenopause (n=532, 60.7%) and postmenopause (n=344, 39.3%).For diagnostic accuracy, ROMA was lower than HE4 in premenopausal women (82.7% vs. 91.4%)and lower than CA 125 in postmenopausal women (86.9% vs. 88.7%).The ROC curve analysis revealed that the power of ROMA was not significantly better than that of HE4 in premenopausal women (area under the curve [AUC], 0.731 vs. 0.732, p=0.832), and it was also not significantly better than that of CA 125 in postmenopausal women (AUC, 0.871 vs. 0.888, p=0.440). Conclusion:The discrimination power of tumor markers for ovarian cancer was different according to menopausal status.In predicting ovarian malignancy, ROMA was neither superior to HE4 in premenopausal women nor superior to CA 125 in postmenopausal women.
Background: Hemostatic products are widely used to control bleeding in hepatic resections. Stopad is a pad-type hemostatic agent containing carboxymethyl chitosan and recombinant thrombin-like hemocoagulase. Methods: We conducted a prospective, multicenter, randomized, noninferiority study of Stopad vs. Tachosil in 104 patients who required open hepatic resection. The subjects were randomized 1:1 to either the investigational group (Stopad; 53) or the control group (Tachosil; 51). Results: The 3-min bleeding control success rate was 92.45% in the Stopad group and 90.20% in the Tachosil group. The lower bound of the one-sided 97.5% confidence level for the between-group difference in the success rate was −9.82%, which was within the preset noninferiority limit of −22.9%. The 5- and 10-min bleeding control success rates were both 100.00% for the Stopad group and were both 98.04% in the Tachosil group. A significantly higher incidence of adverse events was reported in the Stopad group (29/53, 54.72%) than in the Tachosil group (17/51, 33.33%; p = 0.0282). However, the higher number of adverse events in the Stopad group was likely due to a higher proportion of subjects with a past history of surgical or interventional procedure. Conclusions: The hemostatic efficacy of Stopad was noninferior to that of Tachosil in patients undergoing open hepatic resection, introducing new possibilities for more potent hemostatic products in the future. Trial registration number: KCT0004404.
Abstract Purpose: The translocation of gut bacteria and its derivatives may be an essential factor contributing to the various diseases of the pancreas. However, microbial function on the development and progression of pancreatic cancer is not clear and the research is still lacking. The aim of this study is to analyze the composition of microbiota in pancreatic cancer tissue and to compare the result with the existing public data. Methods: We obtained the cancer and normal tissues from patients who underwent pancreatic cancer surgery in Korea (IRB: 2018-0710), and total bacterial genomic DNA was purified from tissue. Through the gene sequencing of 16S rRNA (V3-V4 lesion), we analyzed the quantitative and qualitative composition of microbiome. Then we compared the microbiome composition with public data of NCBI (SRP132007). Results: We successfully performed the gene sequencing of 16s rRNA from 12 tumor tissues and 6 normal tissues. Based on the results obtained from the tumor and normal tissues, we compared the composition from the phylum to the species levels. We confirmed that there were significant differences in the microbiome composition of the tumor and normal tissues and identified various strains of 20 or more species with a high specificity in tumor or normal tissues. In addition, through the comparison with SRP132007 data, we confirmed a distinct difference between the two groups. Conclusions: We have analyzed the patterns and characteristics of tumor or normal specific microbiomes through pancreatic cancer tissues. There is a clear difference between the two groups with environmental differences, even in the microbiomes of patients with the same disease. We expect to further clarify the importance of microbiomes in pancreatic cancer and point to the development of new therapies through further studies. Citation Format: Hwi Wan Choi, Jinju Kim, Eo Jin Kim, Eunsung Jun. The analysis of microbiota composition between tumor and normal tissues in pancreatic cancer and the comparison with the public data of NCBI [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Pancreatic Cancer: Advances in Science and Clinical Care; 2019 Sept 6-9; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(24 Suppl):Abstract nr C63.
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