The incidence of osteoporosis is high in postmenopausal women due to altered estrogen levels and continuous calcium loss that occurs with aging.Recent studies have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the development of osteoporosis.These miRNAs may be used as potential biomarkers to identify women at a high risk for developing the disease.In this study, whole blood samples were collected from 48 postmenopausal Chinese women with osteopenia or osteoporosis and pooled into six groups according to individual T-scores.A miRNA microarray analysis was performed on pooled blood samples to identify potential miRNA biomarkers for postmenopausal osteoporosis.Five miRNAs (miR-130b-3p, -151a-3p, -151b, -194-5p, and -590-5p) were identified in the microarray analysis.These dysregulated miRNAs were subjected to a pathway analysis investigating whether they were involved in regulating osteoporosis-related pathways.Among them, only miR-194-5p was enriched in multiple osteoporosis-related pathways.Enhanced miR-194-5p expression in women with osteoporosis was confirmed by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis.For external validation, a significant correlation between the expression of miR-194-5p and T-scores was found in an independent patient collection comprised of 24 postmenopausal women with normal bone mineral density, 30 postmenopausal women with osteopenia, and 32 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis (p < 0.05).Taken together, the present findings suggest that miR-194-5p may be a viable miRNA biomarker for postmenopausal osteoporosis.
<abstract><p>In this article, we firstly establish a nonlinear population dynamical model to describe the changes and interaction of the density of patient population of China's primary medical institutions (PHCIs) and hospitals in China's medical system. Next we get some sufficient conditions of existence of positive singularity by utilising homotopy invariance theorem of topological degree. Meanwhile, we study the qualitative properties of positive singularity based on Perron's first theorem. Furthermore, we briefly analyze the significance and function of the mathematical results obtained in this paper in practical application. As verifications, some numerical examples are ultimately exploited the correctness of our main results. Combined with the numerical simulation results and practical application, we give some corresponding suggestions. Our research can provide a certain theoretical basis for government departments to formulate relevant policies.</p></abstract>
Currently MI repair approaches always exhibit low efficiency and do not match the clinical requirements. To provide an advanced engineering platform, an injectable hydrogel was developed to release OSM continuously and localized in the MI lesion.
The incidence of osteoporosis is high in postmenopausal women due to altered estrogen levels and continuous calcium loss that occurs with aging.Recent studies have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the development of osteoporosis.These miRNAs may be used as potential biomarkers to identify women at a high risk for developing the disease.In this study, whole blood samples were collected from 48 postmenopausal Chinese women with osteopenia or osteoporosis and pooled into six groups according to individual T-scores.A miRNA microarray analysis was performed on pooled blood samples to identify potential miRNA biomarkers for postmenopausal osteoporosis.Five miRNAs (miR-130b-3p, -151a-3p, -151b, -194-5p, and -590-5p) were identified in the microarray analysis.These dysregulated miRNAs were subjected to a pathway analysis investigating whether they were involved in regulating osteoporosis-related pathways.Among them, only miR-194-5p was enriched in multiple osteoporosis-related pathways.Enhanced miR-194-5p expression in women with osteoporosis was confirmed by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis.For external validation, a significant correlation between the expression of miR-194-5p and T-scores was found in an independent patient collection comprised of 24 postmenopausal women with normal bone mineral density, 30 postmenopausal women with osteopenia, and 32 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis (p < 0.05).Taken together, the present findings suggest that miR-194-5p may be a viable miRNA biomarker for postmenopausal osteoporosis.
Atherosclerosis is primarily an inflammatory reaction of the cardiovascular system caused by endothelial damage, leading to progressive thickening and hardening of the vessel walls, as well as extensive necrosis and fibrosis of the surrounding tissues, the most necessary pathological process causing cardiovascular disease. When the body responds to harmful internal and external stimuli, excess oxygen free radicals are produced causing oxidative stress to occur in cells and tissues. Simultaneously, the activation of inflammatory immunological processes is followed by an elevation in oxygen free radicals, which directly initiates the release of cytokines and chemokines, resulting in a detrimental cycle of vascular homeostasis abnormalities. Oxidative stress contributes to the harm inflicted upon vascular endothelial cells and the decrease in nitric oxide levels. Nitric oxide is crucial for maintaining vascular homeostasis and is implicated in the development of atherosclerosis. This study examines the influence of oxidative stress on the formation of atherosclerosis, which is facilitated by the vascular milieu. It also provides an overview of the pertinent targets and pharmaceutical approaches for treating this condition.
Background Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are safe and effective in treating myocardial infarction (MI) and have broad application prospects. However, the heterogeneity of MSCs may affect their therapeutic effect on the disease. We recently found that MSCs derived from different segments of the same umbilical cord (UC) showed significant difference in the expression of genes that are related to heart development and injury repair. We therefore hypothesized that those MSCs with high expression of above genes are more effective to treat MI and tested it in this study. Methods MSCs were isolated from 3 cm-long segments of the maternal, middle and fetal segments of the UC (maternal-MSCs, middle-MSCs and fetal-MSCs, respectively). RNA-seq was used to analyze and compare the transcriptomes. We verified the effects of MSCs on oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD)-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis in vitro . In vivo , a rat MI model was established by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery, and MSCs were injected into the myocardium surrounding the MI site. The therapeutic effects of MSCs derived from different segments of the UC were evaluated by examining cardiac function, histopathology, cardiomyocyte apoptosis, and angiogenesis. Results Compared to fetal-MSCs and middle-MSCs, maternal-MSCs exhibited significantly higher expression of genes that are associated with heart development, such as GATA-binding protein 4 (GATA4), and myocardin (MYOCD). Coculture with maternal-MSCs reduced OGD-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. In rats with MI, maternal-MSCs significantly restored cardiac contractile function and reduced the infarct size. Mechanistic experiments revealed that maternal-MSCs exerted cardioprotective effects by decreasing cardiomyocyte apoptosis, and promoting angiogenesis. Conclusion Our data demonstrated that maternal segment-derived MSCs were a superior cell source for regenerative repair after MI. Segmental localization of the entire UC when isolating hUCMSCs was necessary to improve the effectiveness of clinical applications.
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