Couples' communication concerning sexual issues is influenced by various individual and social factors. The present study investigated the socio-demographic predictors of dyadic sexual communication among married women of reproductive age. A cross-sectional survey study was conducted from May to October 2019 in comprehensive health centers of Qazvin City, Iran. The participants comprised 400 married women with mean age of 35.66 years recruited via a two-stage sampling method. The Dyadic Sexual Communication Scale (DSCS) and a socio-demographic questionnaire were used for data collection. Univariable and multivariable linear regression models with a significance level of 0.05 were used for statistical analysis. The mean score of sexual communication was 59.19 out of 78 (SD = 12.63). Based on multivariable linear regression model, life satisfaction (β = 0.34 high vs. moderate), frequency of sexual intercourse (β = 0.20), moderate vs. poor economic status (β = 0.12), and using contraception (β = −0.09) were predictors of good dyadic sexual communication. These variables explained 32% of the variance concerning dyadic sexual communication among married women of reproductive age. Life satisfaction, frequency of sexual intercourse, moderate economic status, and using contraception were predictors of good dyadic sexual communication.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Motivational interviewing (MI) has been shown to be an effective
strategy for targeting obesity in adolescents, and parental involvement is associated with
increased effectiveness. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the role of parental
involvement in MI interventions for obese adolescents.
METHODS: A total of 357 Iranian adolescents (aged 14–18 years) were randomized to receive an
MI intervention or an MI intervention with parental involvement (MI + PI) or assessments
only (passive control). Data regarding anthropometric, biochemical, psychosocial, and
behavioral measures were collected at baseline and 12 months later. A series of intention-totreat,
2-way repeated-measures analysis of covariance were performed to examine group
differences in change in outcomes measures over the 12-month follow-up period.
RESULTS: Results revealed significant effects on most of the outcome parameters for MI + PI
(eg, mean 6 SD BMI z score: 2.58 6 0.61) compared with the passive control group (2.76 6 0.70;
post hoc test, P = .02), as well as an additional superiority of MI + PI compared with MI only
(2.81 6 0.76; post hoc test, P = .05). This pattern was also shown for most of the
anthropometric, biochemical, psychometric, and behavioral outcome variables.
CONCLUSIONS: MI with parental involvement is an effective strategy in changing obesity-related
outcomes and has additional effects beyond MI with adolescents only. These findings might be
important when administering MI interventions in school settings.
To estimate the sleep problems among pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic.English, peer-reviewed, observational studies published between December 2019 and July 2021 which assessed and reported sleep problem prevalence using a valid and reliable measure were included.Scopus, Medline/PubMed Central, ProQuest, ISI Web of Knowledge and Embase.The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale checklist.Prevalence of sleep problems was synthesised using STATA software V.14 using a random effects model. To assess moderator analysis, meta-regression was carried out. Funnel plot and Egger's test were used to assess publication bias. Meta-trim was used to correct probable publication bias. The jackknife method was used for sensitivity analysis.A total of seven cross-sectional studies with 2808 participants from four countries were included.The pooled estimated prevalence of sleep problems was 56% (95% CI 23% to 88%, I2=99.81%, Tau2=0.19). Due to the probability of publication bias, the fill-and-trim method was used to correct the estimated pooled measure, which imputed four studies. The corrected results based on this method showed that pooled prevalence of sleep problems was 13% (95% CI 0% to 45%; p<0.001). Based on meta-regression, age was the only significant predictor of prevalence of sleep problems among pregnant women.All studies were cross-sectional absence of assessment of sleep problems prior to COVID-19, and the outcomes of the pregnancies among those with and without sleep problems in a consistent manner are among the limitation of the current review.Pregnant women have experienced significant declines in sleep quality when faced with the COVID-19 pandemic. The short-term and long-term implications of such alterations in sleep on gestational and offspring outcomes are unclear and warrant further studies.CRD42020181644.
Objectives: In this paper, we explore how emotion regulation strategies mediated in the associations between inattention/hyperactivity and psychological distress (including anxiety and depression) among young adults who sought mental health services. Methods: Students with mental health issues (N=83; age = 19.98 years [SD = 2.11]) completed measures assessing ADHD, emotion regulation, and psychological distress. We analyzed the data mainly using parallel mediation models. Results: There were direct positive associations between inattention and self-blame, blaming-others, anxiety, and depression. Similarly, hyperactivity positively affected self-blame, blaming-others, and depression but not anxiety. Moreover, self-blame and blaming-others served as mediators between inattention and depression (but not anxiety). However, only self-blame mediated the association between hyperactivity and anxiety, and depression. Conclusions: Inattention and hyperactivity could use different paths to trigger other mental health illnesses when maladaptive emotion regulation strategies are used. Clinicians and other health experts should address the most effective ways of mitigating emotional issues among young adults.
The primary aim was to estimate the pooled mean score of quality of life (QoL) (total, mental and physical health components) among patients with Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS). Secondary aims were to assess: (I) QoL differences for RLS vs. control groups, (II) heterogeneity and possible sources; and (III) moderating variables.
Summary Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a highly prevalent condition that significantly disrupts sleep and causes reduced quality of life. While previous RLS research has mainly focused on the pharmacological treatment, this study presents the first instrument to measure self‐care, the RLS‐Self‐care Behaviour questionnaire (RLS‐ScBq). Self‐care, defined as an active decision‐making process, can empower patients to effectively participate in their own healthcare through awareness, self‐control, and self‐reliance to cope with their disease. Self‐care can in a RLS context include actions such as physical exercise, meditation, and massage. Hence, the aim of this study is to explore the psychometric properties of the RLS‐ScBq in patients with RLS. A cross‐sectional design, including 788 patients with RLS (65% women, mean age 70.8 years, [standard deviation (SD) =11.4]) was used. Sociodemographics, comorbidities, and RLS‐related treatment data, including insomnia symptoms (i.e., Insomnia Severity Index), daytime sleepiness (i.e., Epworth Sleepiness Scale) and RLS symptoms (i.e., RLS‐6 scale) were collected. The validity and reliability of the RLS‐ScBq were investigated using exploratory factor analysis and Rasch models. The two‐factor solution (i.e., physical, and mental actions) showed an explained variance of 32.33% for The Self‐care Behaviour Frequency part and 36.28% for The Benefit of Self‐care Behaviour part. The internal consistency measured by Cronbach's α was 0.57 and 0.60, and McDonald's ω was 0.60 and 0.67, respectively. No differential item functioning was identified for gender, age, insomnia, daytime sleepiness, or RLS severity. The eight‐item RLS‐ScBq can serve as a tool enabling healthcare personnel to explore use and benefit of self‐care activities in patients with RLS.
Abstract Background Dysmenorrhea is one of the most common menstrual disorders and is influenced by various factors. Psychological disorders including anxiety, depression, and stress have been suggested as influencing dysmenorrhea, but previous findings are inconsistent. This study will investigate the relationship between depression/anxiety/stress and dysmenorrhea using a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods Online databases including PsycINFO , Scopus , PubMed , Science Direct , ProQuest , ISI Web of Knowledge , and Embase will be searched. Appropriate keywords and MeSH terms will be used to retrieve the journal papers published from 1990 until the end of December 2019. To improve search coverage, the reference lists of all included studies will be reviewed to find eligible papers. Inclusion criteria include the following: descriptive, cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional studies; the relationship between depression/anxiety/stress and dysmenorrhea being an objective of the study; and published in peer-reviewed journals. The paper selection, data extraction, and quality assessment of selected studies will be performed independently by two researchers, and disagreements will be resolved through discussions. The Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale will be used to assess the quality of selected studies. A quantitative synthesis will be performed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) via the STATA software, if retrieving enough number of studies with no severe methodological heterogeneities. Otherwise, qualitative synthesis will be used to report the findings. Discussion To the best of our knowledge, this will be the first systematic review on this topic. Performing an inclusive search in major databases over a wide timescale is one key strength of the proposed study and will maximize the coverage of the original research studies on this topic. Results of present study are expected to lead to deeper understanding the relationship between common mental health conditions and dysmenorrhea. Systematic review registration PROSPERO CRD42018102199
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