The multi-input floating-point (FP) adder is one of attractive solutions to accelerate algorithms including a lot of addition operations. However, a specialized multi-input adder will increase too much area to the floating-point unit. In this paper, we propose a novel FP function unit combing a 3-input FP adder with a traditional Multiply-Add-Fused (MAF) unit which is widely employed in many general processors and stream processors. Namely, the new FP function unit could perform both A × B + C and A + B + C. An improved architecture of the 3-input FP adder is proposed firstly which has the same accuracy with a FP adder that has an infinite internal width and only once rounding operation for two additions. Secondly, the architecture combining 3-input FP adder and Multiply-Add-Fused unit is presented which is compatible with IEEE-Std754. Lastly, the implementation results in single-precision data format are given with 180nm CMOS technology. Comparing with the MAF unit, the proposed function unit only increases delay and area by 2.8% and 30% respectively,which means the new function unit could accelerate A + B + C nearly 2 times than a MAF does. A small data format version of the proposed architecture has been verified by an exhaustive testing.
Hyper-GA was introduced by the authors as a genetic algorithm based hyperheuristic which aims to evolve an ordering of low-level heuristics so as to find a good quality solution to a given problem. The adaptive length chromosome hyper-GA, let’s call it ALChyper-GA, is an extension of the authors previous work, in which the chromosome was of fixed length. The aim of a variable length chromosome is two fold; 1) it allows dynamic removal and insertion of heuristics 2) it allows the GA to find a good chromosome length which could otherwise only be found by experimentation. We apply the ALChyper-GA to a geographically distributed training staff and courses scheduling problem, and report that good quality solution can be found. We also present results for four versions of the ALChyper-GA, applied to five test data sets.
Sirtuins, initially described as histone deacetylases and gene silencers in yeast, are now known to have many more functions and to be much more abundant in living organisms. The increasing evidence of sirtuins in the field of ageing and age-related diseases indicates that they may provide novel targets for treating diseases associated with aging and perhaps extend human lifespan. Here, we summarize some of the recent discoveries in sirtuin biology that clearly implicate the functions of sirtuins in the regulation of aging and age-related diseases. Furthermore, human sirtuins are considered promising therapeutic targets for anti-aging and ageing-related diseases and have attracted interest in scientific communities to develop small molecule activators or drugs to ameliorate a wide range of ageing disorders. In this review, we also summarize the discovery and development status of sirtuin-targeted drug and further discuss the potential medical strategies of sirtuins in delaying aging and treating age-related diseases.
Purpose To understand the features of the evolution of endometrial cancer during 1969-2003 in department of obstetrics and gynecology of Zhongshan hospital of Fudan University in Shanghai. Methods Two hundreds and nine women with endometrial cancer (from March 1969 to Dec.2003) were retrospectively analyzed.They were divided into 4 groups.There were 25 cases in the first group (1969-1979),41 cases in the second group (1979-1989),57 cases in the third group (1989-1999) and 86 cases in the fourth group (2000-2003).Their incidence rates,average ages,combined symptoms with hypertension,diabetes and obesity were compared and analyzed. Results These 4 group cases contain 0.39%, 0.68%,0.84%,and 17.4% of the total in hospital patients in the same peried.The percentage of the fourth group was 44.6,25.6,and 20.7 times more than the first,second,and third groups respectively.The percentage of the third group was 2.2,and 1.2 times more than the first and second groups respectively.The percentage of the second group was 1.7 times more than the first group.The incidences rate were continuously arising,the incidence of the fourth group were nearly ten times as the first one.Every 10 years,the average diagnosed age increased one year (P=0.032 8).Menopause of age and in time of menstruation (P= 0.044 4,P= 0.002 0),the combined symptoms with diabetes and obesity were significantly increased in the third and fourth groups (P=0.011 4,P=0.028 2). Conclusions The resulting change about incidence rate and average diagnosed age of this paper matches the results reported in United States.One of the factors may due to the continuously increased population with related higher risk factors like diabetes ,obesity and menopause of age and in time of menstruation.
Objective To investigate the inhibition of berberine (BBR) on lipopolysaccharide(LPS) induced COX-2 expression via ERK signaling cascade pathways in human peripheral blood monocytes (HPMC). Methods HPMC were isolated and cultured from whole blood and divided into 5 groups treated with null,LPS,LPS + BBR 25 μmol/L,LPS + BBR 50 μmol/L,LPS + BBR 100 μmol/L respectively for 30 minutes,6 hours,12 hours and 24 hours. Then monocytes were extracted for RT-PCR and westernblot analysis to examine COX-2 mRNA and protein activated expression of ERK signaling pathway. Meanwhile,PD98059 (ERK inhibitor) was incubated together with LPS stimulation to examine COX-2 mRNA and protein expression. Results At the four time points after treatment,the COX-2 mRNA and protein expression decreased at a low ebb at 12 hours after BBR treatment(P 0. 05). On the other hand,with the increasing concentration of BBR, the COX-2 expression decreased progressively (P 0. 01). In the group of BBR treatment at various time points (at 6 h,12 h,24 h after treatment) and three levels of dosage,ERK protein expression was inhibited significantly. At 12 hours after BBR administration the ERK protein expression reduced more prominently than that of other three time points ( P 0. 05),and ERK protein expression decreased progressively as the dosage increased. Human monocytes COX-2 mRNA and protein expression was inhibited significantly while incubated with ERK pathway inhibitor,PD98059 (P 0. 01). Conclusion It is concluded that BBR inhibits COX-2 mRNA and protein expression in a dose-dependent manner and ERK expression can be suppressed by BBR. BBR inhibits COX-2 expression via ERK signaling pathway in HPMC.
Abstract Open offshore areas boast strong physical self‐purification capacity and abundant non‐fossil energy resources, such as wind, waves, and solar energy. Consequently, the global community anticipates nearshore aquaculture to transition towards offshore to help increase production, alleviate eutrophication, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. To date, China has constructed over 40 sets of deeper‐offshore aquaculture (DOA) infrastructures, encompassing various types of pens, cages and closed containment systems. Although DOA holds vast potential to address food security and aquaculture sustainability in China, its current development trajectory struggles to meet those goals and primarily achieves profitability by focusing on high‐value species or products. For DOA to realize its potential, innovative production systems must tackle three key contradictions: enterprise profitability versus product affordability, clean energy‐based products versus carbon‐intensive products, and automated operation versus re‐employment of coastal fish farmers. Resolving these contradictions requires the development of a large‐scale, anti‐typhoon offshore enclosure that integrates mariculture with other industries, such as wind farming, food processing, and tourism. This approach will foster a sustainable balance between profitability, environmental impact, and employment opportunities in the sector.
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