Objective
To explore the relationship and the clinical significance of homeobox gene B1 (HOXB1) and microRNA-3175 (miR-3175) expressions in human glioma.
Methods
The expression levels of HOXB1 and miR-3175 in 60 glioma tissues and 15 normal brain tissues were analyzed by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR). Spearman rank correlation analysis was performed to explore the relationship between HOXB1 and miR-3175 in human glioma tissues. The relationship between HOXB1 (or miR-3175) and clinical pathological characteristics of glioma patients was analyzed. The correlation of HOXB1 (or miR-3175) and survival rate was calculated by Kaplan-Meier. And COX regression models were used to assess the prognostic factors.
Results
Compared with normal brain tissues, the expression of HOXB1 was significantly decreased in glioma tissues (1.498±0.323 vs. 0.946±0.588, t=-5.680, P=0.000); and the expre-ssion of miR-3175 was obviously increased in glioma tissues (1.008±0.355 vs. 2.076±0.841, t=4.274, P=0.000), and HOXB1 expression was negatively correlated with miR-3175 expression in glioma tissues (r=-0.601, P=0.000). HOXB1 expression was related with histologic grade (χ2=4.848, P=0.028), and miR-3175 expression was related with histologic grade (χ2=5.640, P=0.018) and Karnofsky score (χ2=4.785, P=0.029). The results of Kaplan-Meier revealed that there were significant differences in median survival time between HOXB1 (or miR-3175) high-expression group and HOXB1 (or miR-3175) low-expression group [HOXB1: (21.0±4.0)months vs. (7.0±0.8) months; χ2=7.495, P=0.006; miR-3175: (6.0±0.6) months vs. (16.0±5.8) months; χ2=9.591, P=0.002]. COX regression models showed that tumor degree (RR=6.556, 95%CI: 1.196-35.952, P=0.002), HOXB1 (RR=0.018, 95%CI: 0.001-0.312, P=0.006) and miR-3175 (RR=2.098, 95%CI: 1.663-7.513, P=0.037) were independent prognostic factors for prognosis.
Conclusion
The HOXB1 expression may be negatively correlated with miR-3175 in human glioma tissues, and the expression levels of HOXB1 and miR-3175 are associated with the glioma malignant degree, survival time and prognosis of glioma patients.
Key words:
Glioma; Prognosis; MicroRNAs; Homeobox gene B1
Ulcerative colitis has hypercoagulable state and high risk of thrombosis; so mucosal disturbance of microcirculation may be mediate and amplify the inflammation of ulcerative colitis. A 56-year-old female patient was admitted in hospital for discontinuously mucous bloody stool for more than 1 year. Ulcerative colitis was determined after colonoscopy and pathologic examination. Mesalazine was effective during the year, but her symptoms recurred three times due to her bad compliance. One month before admission, the patient had severe recurrence after mesalazine withdrawal. At this time, the result of quantitative fluorescence PCR of colonic histic CMV-DNA was 1.6 × 104 copies/mL positive, CMV colitis was accompanied. After 4 weeks of ganciclovir and 6 weeks of mesalazine usage and nutrition support, the symptoms of diarrhea and abdominal cramp did not improve; stool frequency was more than twenty times a day. Probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy revealed local microcirculation disturbance. Papaverine 90-mg slow drip for at least 10 h a day was added. The symptoms dramatically disappeared after 3 days of papaverine treatment. The patient had yellow mushy stool 2–3 times a day. Pathological findings showed diffuse submucosal hemorrhage and transparent thrombosis in capillaries. Treatment of microcirculatory disturbance in severe UC is a promising adjuvant therapy. Confocal laser endomicroscopy may be an effective method for microcirculation judgment.
Single-cell metabolomics could be used to discover the chemical strategies of cells for coping with chemical or environmental stress because metabolomics provides a more immediate and dynamic picture of cell functionality. However, these small-molecule metabolites are the most difficult to measure because they characterize rapid metabolic dynamics, structural diversity, and incapacity to achieve signal amplification or labeling. In order to solve above problems, we presented a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-microfluidic droplet platform to realize the label-free simultaneous analysis of multiplexed metabolites at the single-cell level via a versatile magnetic SERS substrate composed by silver nanoparticles (AgNPs, 30 nm)-decorated 400 nm Fe3O4 magnetic microspheres. This metal-magnetic composite substrate is beneficial to efficient adsorption of single cell metabolites, fast separation from complex matrixes, and high SERS sensitivity. Also, the endocytosis effect can be fully prohibited due to its relatively large size. This work achieves label-free, nondestructive, simultaneous determination of three single-cell metabolites, pyruvate, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and lactate, owing to their intrinsic SERS fingerprints. The "hotspots" effect induced by the magnetic aggregation of Fe3O4@AgNPs allows highly sensitive SERS detection. Encapsulating metabolites in such a limited and isolated droplet accelerates the process of diffusion and adsorption equilibriums. Activation with saponin for metabolites was assessed on different cell lines. The SERS-microdroplet platform is a powerful tool for exploring single-cell heterogeneity at the metabolic level.
Statement of RetractionWe, the Editors and Publisher of the journal Cell Cycle, have retracted the following article:Qun-Bang Chen, Zhao-Hui Li, Yao Fu, Ning-Ning Lv, Nan Tian, Liang Han, and Yu Tian. Downregulated long non-coding RNA LINC00899 inhibits invasion and migration of spinal ependymoma cells via RBL2-dependent FoxO pathway. Cell Cycle. 2019;18(19):2566–2579. doi: 10.1080/15384101.2019.1652046Since publication, concerns have been raised about the integrity of the data in the article. When approached for an explanation, the authors have been unable to address the concerns raised and have not been able to provide their original data. As verifying the validity of published work is core to the integrity of the scholarly record, we are therefore retracting the article. The corresponding author listed in this publication has been informed.We have been informed in our decision-making by our policy on publishing ethics and integrity and the COPE guidelines on retractions.The retracted article will remain online to maintain the scholarly record, but it will be digitally watermarked on each page as 'Retracted'.
AIM: To study the transfection efficiency and the expression of enhanced green fluorescent protein(eGFP) in immortalized neural progenitor cells(INPCs) mediated by recombinant adeno-associated virus(rAAV). METHODS: The viral vector of rAAV containing eGFP was transfected into INPC. The expression of green fluorescent protein was observed since 24 h after transfection and the transfection efficiency was measured. Anti-nestin antibodies and simian virus 40 large T antigen gene (SV40Tag) antibodies were used to identify the transfected cells. The specific molecular markers of neurons and astrocytes were detected using immunocytochemistry method to investigate the capability of differentiation of the transfected cells after being induced by 50 mL/L fetal bovine serum. RESULTS: EGFP expression was detected as early as 24 h after transfection. The number of eGFP positive cells reached about 90% after 72 h. After being cultured for 8 weeks, 70%-75% INPCs were still eGFP positive. The transfected cells were confirmed as nestin positive and SV40Tag positive cells with immunocytochemistry and could be differentiated into neurons and astrocytes by the induction of fetal bovine serum. CONCLUSION: The viral vector of rAAV containing eGFP can be highly transfected into INPCs and the transfected cells show a stable and long-term eGFP expression in vitro. EGFP can be a valuable tracking tool for the study of neural progenitor cell transplantation.
The growth rate of diamond has been investigated for a long time and researchers have been attempting to enhance the growth rate of high-quality gem diamond infinitely. However, it has been found according to previous research results that the quality of diamond is debased with the increase of growth rate. Thus, under specific conditions, the growth rate of high-quality diamond cannot exceed a limited value that is called the limited growth rate of diamond. We synthesize a series of type Ib gem diamonds by temperature gradient method under high pressure and high temperature (HPHT) using the as-grown {100} face. The dependence of limited growth rate on growth conditions is studied. The results show that the limited growth rate increases when synthetic temperature decreases, also when growth time is prolonged.
Challenges in studying the structures and functions of cell membrane proteins lie in their lipophilicity, which makes them hard to be stabilized, crystallized, and expressed by E. coli. Herein, we propose an evanescent field excited surface-enhanced Raman scattering (EF-SERS) strategy for label-free analysis of membrane proteins in situ. Extracted cell membranes tightly wrapped the metal nanoparticles by an extruder, which ensures the SERS signals of the membrane proteins precisely benefit from the localized surface plasmons (LSPs). The leaky mode of a waveguide was employed to improve the plasmon excitation coupling. Thus, the LSPs and waveguide modes together enable the achievement of high-quality SERS profiles of membrane proteins. By spectral analysis, the structural changes of membrane proteins can be deeply understood at the molecular level. This method has broader applicability in establishing the Ramanomics of membrane proteins and unraveling the exact changes of membrane proteins during physiological processes.
Abstract A new double-beveled anvil for the synthesis of high-quality diamonds has been described, which is used in a China-type large-volume, cubic-anvil, high-pressure apparatus (LV-CHPA, SPD-6X2000). Our results indicate that the pressure generation of a double-beveled anvil is more efficient than that of a single-beveled anvil. To gain the same cell pressure (5.5 GPa), the oil pressure of LV-CHPA using double-beveled anvils decreased by about 10%, compared to using single-beveled anvils. Furthermore, a double-beveled anvil can pressurize a cubic cell of 36 mm3 up to about 6.0 GPa, and simultaneously can increase the temperature up to 1360°C for routine operation. This provides considerable advantages to the synthesis of high-quality diamonds under ultra-high-pressure conditions with the same hydraulic rams. Keywords: anvilcubic-anvilhigh-pressure apparatusdiamondfinite element method Acknowledgements The authors thank Runze Yu, Wei Guo, Hongsheng Jia, Jiangang Guo, Jian Liu, and Guofeng Huang for experimental assistance. We thank Xiaolei Li and Taichao Su for helpful discussions on the manuscript. We also thank the reviewer for helpful comments and suggestions. This research was supported by the National Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 50572032, No. 50731006, and No. 50801030. We are also grateful for the support from the Doctor Science Foundation of the Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities.
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