<abstract> <p>Since the Porter hypothesis was proposed, environmental regulation has been recognized as a critical factor influencing technology innovation. However, there is no unified conclusion on whether the relationship between the two is linear or non-linear, and environmental regulation is always examined from single angles. Therefore, according to the difference of environmental regulation implementation subjects, this paper divides environmental regulation into formal regulation and informal regulation. Utilizing the panel data of 281 prefecture-level and above cities in China from 2011-2019, the non-linear effects of heterogeneous environmental regulations on green energy technology innovation are analyzed based on the panel threshold model, and the non-linear relationship between the two under the difference in urban economic development level is further considered. The results indicate that: (1) The threshold effect of the environmental regulations on China's green energy technology innovation is significant, and there is heterogeneity in the effects of different environmental regulations. (2) At present, positive relationship are observed between the informal environmental regulation and green energy technology innovation in China, while the formal environmental regulation exerts a significant inhibitory effect on green energy technology innovation. (3) The level of regional economic development plays a significantly positive role in moderating the relationship between environmental regulation and green energy innovation. However, there exists a certain heterogeneity in the moderating role between the formal regulation-innovation link and informal regulation-innovation relationship. This study provides a reference for further clarifying the relationship between heterogeneous environmental regulations and green energy technology innovation.</p> </abstract>
The literature documents hump-shaped life-time consumption profiles for individuals. Based on evidence found by prior sociological and psychological studies, we argue that individuals' age-dependent demands for conveying social statuses could be a contributing factor behind this pattern. For this purpose, we propose an intertemporal investment and consumption model in which a group of individuals communicate social statuses through relative consumption. We derive the unique Nash equilibrium, among all recursively optimal choices, in closed form. In equilibrium, high utility-status sensitivity in middle age leads to high consumption level in middle age at both individual and group level, and this mechanism is robust to alternative model specifications. The welfare implications of distorting intertemporal consumption choices to meet status demands are also examined.
In recent years, eMule network, a kind of peer-to-peer (P2P) file-sharing network has become more and more popular. Along with its popularity, the demand to accurately determine the peer in eMule has also increased for two reasons: it is a critical step to accurately locate sources of files in P2P file-sharing networks, and the wanton spread of vulgar content makes it necessary to censor eMule. This demand allows everyone to put forward the problem of optimal peer identifier in eMule network. However, since Kad ID (the widely-used identifier in eMule network) can be freely changed by users of eMule, there exists Kad ID aliasing, a single peer may correspond to multiple Kad IDs; reversely, There also exists Kad ID repetition, which are multiple peers corresponding with a single Kad ID. Therefore, it is difficult to accurately determine the peer by using Kad ID. This paper attempts to solve this problem. First, the stability factor (SF) of peer identifier is defined to evaluate candidate identifiers. Then, a crawler named Rainbow is designed and implemented to collect peer information from multiple candidate identifiers' relationship in real eMule network. Note that Rainbow has been proved to be convergent and has low time and space complexity. Experimental results show that {userID} is the optimal peer identifier in peer identifier set 2 {Kad ID,userID,IP} −{Φ} as {userID} has the largest SF value. Later on, in order to quantify the extent of Kad ID aliasing, the relationship between {userID} and {Kad ID} is discussed. Lastly, the effectiveness of the application of the optimal peer identifier is analyzed. Results show that peers are more accurately determined when using {userID} as the identifier of peers. All in all, the identification of optimal peer identifier provides a basis for future research of eMule network, and Rainbow serves as a useful tool for measuring real eMule network.
In order to improve the security monitoring management for the elderly, children and employees of enterprises and in consideration of the high market share of Android Phone, so propose the personnel location system based on Android OS. The personnel location system, using a server as data sub-station, achieves showing one Android Phones real-time position and historical route on another. The tests show the personnel location system owns a high locating precision, and provides a new mode for personnel management, which is largely convenient for the manager and guardian. It also provides a kind of method for implementing a location system which is suitable for practical application.
According to the technical statistics of the teams and individuals in the 14th Woman Basketball World Championship and the performance of Chinese woman basketball team,this article compares Chinese team with the strong teams in the world and analyses the rank of position in the name list of the eight technical indexes of the teams and individuals in the world championship. And the analysis shows that the level of Chinese woman basketball team has reached the world level .But there is still apparent difference between Chinese team and the strong teams of the world such as American team and Russian team ,because they did not grasp the critical moment in the match satisfactorily.
The fast response to a disaster is a key factor in rescuing victims who are trapped in the affected areas. The high amount of casualties as well as life and medical resource allocation cause the complexity of disaster rescuing. This paper concentrates on developing a multi-objective (MO) optimization model and adopts an algorithm named Probabilistic Solution Discovery Algorithm (PSDA) to generate a set of Pareto solutions on account of (i) the affected location, (ii) the number of victims in the affected location, (iii) the amount of resource, including food, water, and medicine, (iv) the location of the resource, (v) the deployment of UAVs. PSDA is used to solve the MO model, each of the Pareto solutions is an emergency rescuing strategy. A study case is provided to validate the perspectives. The results of resource allocation generated with the five aforementioned factors have confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed solution.
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