Use different concentrations of biological activity water on corn seeds (Zhen Dan 958) by soaking to deal with, dilution multiple is primary liquid、10 times、50 times、100 times、200 times、400 times and 800 times respectively, as a comparison with distilled water, exploring the influence of biological activity water on corn seeds germination and seedling growth. The result shows: the highest germination rate、germination potential、germination index and germination energy of corn seeds are dealt with by dilute 800 times biological activity water, the aboveground part and root of maze seedlings’ dry weight is largest; dealing with by dilute 800 times biological activity water of maze seedlings’ chlorophyll are at its highest. The experiment tells that biological activity water has effect on corn seeds germination and seedling growth, its effect and dilute strength are related.
Plant light interceptions directly impact on plant photosynthesis, and thus have an impact on plant growth. According to the characteristics of plant photosynthesis and growth and development, we abstract plant growth form as the geometry. Based on solar elevation angle, solar azimuth angle and spacing of plant cultivation, we get the relationship model of plant light interception and planting cultivation form under assumptions. In the simulation environment, we set spindle trees as an example and analyze the best cultivation form of plants under the conditions of the specific latitude.
Spraying mixed fertilizer at the stage of anther differentiation (April 26), or milk tillering (May 30), or at both stages could increase wheat yield. Spraying once at milk tillering stage had best economical benefits. Spraying mixed fertilizer could enhance wheat photosynthesis, prevent early aging, strengthen the xylem and natural fiber of stem, prevent lodgment in late period, increase bear ear rate and the weight of 1 000 kernels. All this led to high wheat yield, and the increment rate was 10 61%～12 44%.
Effect of nitrogen,photassium and potassium application on grain Yield of Xinhai 16 super sea cotton were studied.Yield was increased obviously but fertilization was not apparent effect of its qualities.The results showed that Xinhai 16 yield of combined N 189.3 kg/hm~2,P_2O_5 134.4 kg/hm~2,K_2O 57.2 kg/hm~2 with Zn,Mn,B(micronutrition,) economic fertilization proportion was N∶P_2O_5∶K_2O=1∶0.71∶0.30.Yield of optimum fertilization increased by 40% than contrast treament,while the effect N,P and K application on Xinhai 16 qualities was not observed except for micron value.
The analysis of resistance to salt and drought-stress on LEA_3-transgenic rice showed that the seeding height,root length,water conservation of isolated leaf,content of chlorophyll,content of dissolvent sugar,content of protein and activity of SOD of transgenic rice are higher than the control plants under the same stress condition.These results suggested the overexpression of LEA_3 gene in rice enhanced its resistance to salt and drought-stress.
With the improvement of living standard, people make great effects not only for the increment of wheat grain yield, but also for the improvement of wheat quality in China .The experiment was carried out at the experimental station of the Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. The strong gluten bread wheat cultivar Zhongyou 9701 and loam soil were used to study the effect of different fertilizer combinations on yield and quality. The results showed that under the condition of the same amount of fertilizer, the treatment (A4) of half basic N fertilizer and half top-dressing fertilizer had the highest yield, and there was a significant difference with treatments A1 and A2 which were applied with 100% and 70% basic N fertilizer treatment respectively (Table 1). The yield of all treatments fertilized was more remarkable increased than that of control (A10, no fertilizer applied). Gross protein and glutenin contents of all were improved mightily, and the content of albumin, globulin, gliadin improved too (Table 2). Sedimentation, wet gluten, dry gluten, water absorption rate and bread volume of the treatments with fertilizer application were increased more significantly than those of control. Dough development time and stability time were prolonged also (Table 3,4). When the ratio of basic N fertilizer was above 50%, the effect of wheat quality improvement was more prominent. In conclusion, sedimentation, wet gluten, dry gluten, water absorption rate, dough development time and bread volume will be improved and the grain yield will be increased if nitrogen fertilizer is reasonably increased in wheat cultivation.
We screened out the optimal ratios of nitrogen,phosphorous and potassium fertilizers by analyzing the demand pattern of fertilizer at different growth stages with the method of balance fertilization in white paste soil.The results showed that seed yield of N3P4.5K4.5 + N3 and N3P4.5K4.5 treatment increased by 18.6% and 16.0% compared with N2P2K1(CK).The plant height in N3P4.5K4.5+N3 treatment increased by 28.4% compared with that of CK at seed filling.Moreover,the leaf area of N3P4.5K4.5+N3 treatment increased by 93.6% compared with CK.The root length increased 12.6 cm compared with CK and the content of chlorophyll was the highest at pod bearing stage in N4P6K6 treatment.In conclusion,the optimal ratio of N,P,K nutrient was 1∶0.75∶0.75,with half of nitrogen top-dressed at R1 for continuous planting soybean in the white paste soil.
[Objective]To research the effects of controlled released urea and common urea on accumulation rate for plant dry matters,nutrient absorption and yield of cotton.[Method]Taking cotton as experimental subject,adopting orientational experiment in the fields for 2 years,applying 3 kinds of treatments,and there are controlled released urea(180 kg/hm2),common urea (180 kg/hm2)no-N,and testing the dry matters,nutrition and yield of cotton.[Result] On the basis of occurnulative volume and cumulated rate of dry matter in 2008,the controlled released urea is indicative of controlling release and maintaining release in the former and latter stages respectively,in bud stage,controlled released urea and common urea,while in florescence and growth stages,controlled released urea and common urea,no-N.In 2009,the volume and rate of the controlled released urea are all higher than that of the oommon urea.Compared with the common urea,agronomic efficiency of applied N was improved by 1.04 and 2.56 kg/kg for using condtrolled released urea within the two years;At the same time,the utilization rate of N fertilizer treated with controlled released urea were increased by 18.89% and 12.92% compared with that of common urea;as well as condtrolled released urea could improve the yield of cotton by 11.67% and 31.25%.[Conclusion]Under the condition of bed irrigation,concerning cumulated volume and cumulated rate of cotton dry matter of condtrolled released urea were increased more and faster than that of common urea,condtrolled released urea could advance the absorption of nutrient,they also could heighten the utilization rate of N fertilizer,and improve the yield of cotton eventually.
[Objective] The photosynthetic characteristics of Acer palmatum 'Bloodgood' were studied to improve the utilization percentage and transformation efficiency of light energy and to provide reference for improve its ornamental value of its garden.[Method] Selecting the Acer palmatum 'Bloodgood' of no disease and same growth as materials,it was found that the light compensation and saturated points were 32.66 μmol/(m2·s) and 1 260 μmol/(m2·s) respectively,the CO2 compensate and saturated points were 49.34 μmol/(m2·s) and 991.67 μmol/(m2·s) respectively,and the optimum temperature was between 25 ℃ and 27 ℃;the photosynthetic rate presented a typical double peak curve in summer;an obvious phenomenon of mid-day depression occurred,and in the whole growing season,PAR、Gs and Tr were the most significant environmental and physiological factors influencing Pn of the leaves;high temperature stress reduced photochemical quenching and increased Non-photochemical quenching.[Conclusion] The study indicated the basic changes of the photosynthetic characteristics of Acer palmatum 'Bloodgood' and restricted the internal and external factors of photosynthesis and provided references to better application.
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