Objective:To learn about the prevalence of autism in children aged less than 3 years in Lianyungang city and to offer the basic data for further intervention treatment.Methods:The cross sectional study was carried out on 8 532 children aged less than 3 years by cluster random sampling.The results were screened by Checklist for Autism in Toddlers and Clancy Autism Behavior Scale.The autism cases were diagnosed and rated according to the diagnosing criteria of DSM-IV or by childhood autism rating scale.The 0-6 years old children neuropsychological development diagnostic scale was adopted to evaluate the intelligence(DQ70 as low).Results:Nine of 8532 children were diagnosed with autism,the morbidity was 1.17‰ and the male-female ratio was 3.4:1.The peak age of illness was similar to that in the natural outpatients to the 3-year psychological behavior clinic.Conclusion:The incidence rate of autism in children aged less than 3 years in Lianyungang city is in the low range of the incidence rates reported at home and abroad.Parents and healthcare doctors should improve their recognition of childhood autism further.
Purpose: To study the neuroanatomic characteristics of patients with Duane's retraction syndrome with high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging. Methods: The study included 11 consecutive cases, including five patients with type I, one patient with type II, four patients with type III, and one patient with inverse Duane's retraction syndrome. The patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging of the brain, brain stem, cavernous sinus, and orbits. Results: In 10 patients, the abducens nerve (cranial nerve VI) was absent or showed hypoplasia in the brain stem, cavernous sinus, and orbit. However, these findings were not seen in the patient who had inverse Duane's retraction syndrome. In two children, magnetic resonance imaging showed that the cavernous sinuses were smaller on the affected side. The inferior division of the oculomotor nerve (cranial nerve III) was traced to enter the lateral rectus muscle or had intimate continuity with the lateral rectus muscle in nine patients with type I and type III Duane's retraction syndrome. In one patient with type III Duane's retraction syndrome, the oculomotor foramen was significantly larger on the affected side than on the sound side. In the patient with type II Duane's retraction syndrome, the superior division of cranial nerve III was enlarged and had three branches. In the patient with inverse Duane's retraction syndrome, the inferior division of cranial nerve III sent two branches to the medial rectus muscle, and the patient had superior oblique muscle hypoplasia. Conclusion: Neuroimaging findings showed that the absence of cranial nerve VI, hypoplasia in the brain stem, and an extra branch of the inferior division of cranial nerve III to the lateral rectus muscle is the most common presentation of Duane's retraction syndrome, but not the only one. The aberrant branches likely correspond to the abnormal eye movement seen in patients with this disorder. [J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2009;46:278–285.]
Background There is no large population-based study of the distribution and changing trend of strabismus surgeries in China. This study aimed to investigate the distribution and the changing trend of strabismus surgery in a tertiary hospital of China. Methods A retrospective study of all the strabismus surgeries performed in Beijing Tongren Eye Center from 2003 to 2012 was carried out. Characteristics analyzed included the type of strabismus, age, and gender. Results Totally 26 524 strabismus surgeries were performed in Tongren Eye Center during the 10-year period. The number of surgeries increased steadily from 1 507 in 2003 to 3 482 in 2008 and slightly decreased to 3 124 in 2009, but there was a sharp drop to 2 569 in 2010 and then kept relatively steady at 2 760 in 2011 and 2 463 in 2012. Intermittent exotropia (30.3%) was the most common among all kinds of strabismus. The number of strabismus surgeries performed on children under 12 years of age (43.60%) was significantly higher than those of the other age groups ( P <0.05). Unilateral superior oblique paralysis was the most common subtype of paralytic strabismus (8.64%). Conclusions The type distribution of strabismus surgery has changed during the recent decade. The age and type distribution of different strabismus remained basically constant, among which intermittent exotropia was the most common.
Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of botulinum toxin A on the strabismus and diplopia in the patients with malignant exophthalmos and to discuss the mechanism and the value of the adjunctive therapy with botulinum toxin A in Graves ophthalmopathy clinically.Methods Thirty-one patients diagnosed as Graves ophthalmopathy with malignant exophthalmos and strabismus(15 cases with horizontal strabismus,30 cases with vertical strabismus) were collected in this study.After the computerized tomography of fossa orbitalis,synoptophore examination,Hess screen examination,and the determination for the number of degrees of strabismus,the patients received the injection of botulinum toxin A in the musle belly of the affected extraocular muscles (inferior rectus 24 cases,medial rectus 11 cases,superior rectus 6 cases,and levator palpebrae superioris 4 cases) under the guide of the electromyogram repeatedly.The change of the position of eye and the degree of diplopia were followed up after therapy.Results In all eyes of the 31 patients,the strabismus and diplopia was lessened in different degrees after repeated injection with botulinum toxin A in the affected extraocular muscles for 2 to 6 times.The total apparent rate was 41.9%,effective rate was 51.6%,ineffective rate was 6.5%.Conclusion To inject botulinum toxin A in the musle belly of the affected extraocular muscles is an effective therapy to lighten the contraction of extraocular muscles,and remission of diplopia symptom and strabismus degree in extraocular muscles.The injection therapy of botulinum toxin A combined with corticostoid and immunosuppressive agent at the early stage of Graves ophthalmopathy can get satisfied therapeutic effect.
Let-7 miRNA family has been proved as a key regulator of mesenchymal stem cells' (MSCs') biological features. However, whether let-7b could affect the differentiation or proliferation of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) is still unknown. Here, we found that the expression of hsa-let-7b was visibly downregulated after mineralization induction of PDLSCs. After transfected with hsa-let-7b mimics or inhibitor reagent, the proliferation ability of PDLSCs was detected by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), flow cytometry, and 5-ethynyl-2-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay. On the other hand, the osteogenic differentiation capacity was detected by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and activity, alizarin red staining, Western blot, and quantitative real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). We verified that hsa-let-7b did not significantly impact the proliferation ability of PDLSCs, but it could curb the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs. Besides, we predicted CTHRC1 acts as the downstream gene of hsa-let-7b to affect this process. Moreover, the combination of CTHRC1 and hsa-let-7b was verified by dual luciferase reporter assay. Our results demonstrated that the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs was enhanced after inhibiting hsa-let-7b, while was weakened after cotransfection with Si-CTHRC1. Collectively, hsa-let-7b can repress the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs by regulating CTHRC1.
Objective To investigate the relationship between the disease and the personality and psychological status of children with the nephrotic syndrome (NS) or acute glomerulonephritis (AGN) and their parents. Methods We studied the personality and psychological profiles of the patients and their parents using the EPQ and SCL 90 inventories. Results In the NS group, the score of P.E inventory was lower while the score of N.L inventory was higher than that in the control group (P 0.05 ). However, the score of P.E.N.L inventory did not show any significant difference between the AGN group and the control group (P 0.05 ). The results of SCL 90 score showed that the NS group had higher scores in the somatization, inter personal sensetivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, fear and paranoia (but not obsession and psychiatrics) sections of the test compared to the control group (P 0.05 ). However, there was no significant difference between the AGN group and the conrol group except in the somatization score. On the other hand, all scores of the parents of the patients were higher than those in the control group (P 0.05 ). Conclusions Children with NS show a tendency towards introversion and emotional liability, and are more likely to suffer from depression, anxiety, fear and somatization. There was no significant difference between the AGN group and the control group in personality and psychology. The parents of children with NS or AGN have a tendency of introversion and neuoticism. They also have obvious symptoms of depression, anxiety, fear and somatization.
As a new all-solid-state instrument, fiber optic gyroscope (FOG) is increasingly used as a core component of inertial measurement unit because of its high stability, low cost, impact resistance and good dynamic performance. As the sensitive component in FOG, fiber optic coil is very susceptible to transient temperature gradient, which becomes a key factor that restricts the development and precision of FOG. The non-reciprocity error of the fiber coil caused directly by the temperature gradient has been studied by many researchers. While the non-reciprocity error caused by thermal stress is rarely concerned. Studies have shown that proper winding pattern and good winding quality can greatly reduce the Shupe error of the fiber coil. However, the phenomenon that the Shupe error peaks at different temperature points are different in size is confused, even under the same temperature gradient. In the process of derivation of the thermal stress Shupe error model, the thermal stress induced Shupe error is the main cause of the difference in the peak of the FOG at different temperature points.By studying the influence of material parameters of coating adhesive in the fiber coil on FOG, the purpose of improving the performance of the fiber optic gyroscope can be achieved. Based on the mathematical model of Shupe error, the non-reciprocity error of the FOG caused by thermal stress is analyzed. The distribution of thermal stress of fiber coil with different coating adhesive parameters (Young's modulus and thermal expansion coefficient) was obtained by ANSYS finite element analysis software. The influence of temperature sensitivity of coating adhesive parameters on thermal stress of FOG and Shupe error was studied. The simulation results show that both the Young's modulus and the thermal expansion coefficient of the coating adhesive affect the magnitude and uniformity of the thermal stress induced Shupe error, but the degree and mode of influence are different. The absolute value of the thermal expansion coefficient and the gradient over temperature will directly affect the non-uniformity of the thermal stress induced Shupe error. In general, the gradient of the thermal expansion coefficient with temperature lead to a negative correlation trend with the peak value of the Shupe error. While, the temperature sensitivity of the Young's modulus also indirectly affect the non-uniformity of Shupe error. When the coefficient of thermal expansion changes rapidly with temperature, the changing Young's modulus will intensify the non-uniformity of Shupe error. By studying material parameters of coating adhesive, the variation law of Shupe error can be obtained and it is possible to optimize coating adhesive selection principle of coating adhesive and reduce the non-uniformity of thermal induced non-reciprocal bias, which is of great significance in the application of FOG. Finally, the coating adhesive of fiber coil with suitable material parameters was selected by the selection principle of coating adhesive obtained in this paper.
iRoot BP Plus is a novel bioceramic endodontic material. Recently, it has been considered as an alternative to MTA which is the most popular scaffold cover during regenerative endodontic therapy. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of iRoot BP Plus on the osteo/odontogenic capacity of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs), including the underlying mechanisms. BMMSCs were collected by a whole marrow method and treated with iRoot BP Plus-conditioned medium (BP-CM). The proliferation ability was evaluated by cell counting kit 8 and flow cytometry. Complete medium was used as a blank control, and 2 mg/ml MTA-conditioned medium was served as a positive control. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay, ALP staining, western blot, real-time RT-PCR, Alizarin Red S staining, and immunofluorescence staining were performed to explore the osteo/odontogenic potential and the involvement of MAPK pathways. Besides, autophagy was investigated by western blot, immunofluorescence staining, and transmission electron microscopy.
Objective To study spatial localization and anatomy organization of human extraocular muscle pulley by utilizing modern imaging combined with traditional anatomy,and to explore a method which can accurately carry out location and quantitative analysis of pulley structure.Design Non-contrastive experimental study.Participant 4 cadaver head specimens.Method With high resolution magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),four cadaver head specimens were gradually scanned by coronal,anteroposterior axes and horizontal position,to localize human extraocular muscle pulley and measure its spatial site at coronal scanning image.Traditional anatomy was applied to analyze extraocular muscle pulley,and measure the spatial position under direct vision at the same time.Then immunohistochemical methods were applied to dye histological sections of partial pulley tissue,so as to verify the accuracy of localized tissue and through its component,to further approach the mechanism how pulley regulate the movement of extraocular muscle.Main Outcome Measure MRI scanning images,MRI and anatomy localization data,histological component verifies.Result High resolution MRI could show the structure of pulley clearly by coronal scanning.The mean distance from anterior corneal surface to the pulley of medial rectus muscle,lateral rectus muscle,superior rectus muscle and inferior rectus muscle was(11.25+1.04)mm,(14.50±0.93)mm, (15.75±1.28)mm,(13.25+1.04)mm respectively in the coronal images.But the images of superior rectus muscle pulley and inferior rectus muscle pulley were unclear by horizontal scanning.The mean distance from anterior corneal surface to the pulley of medial rectus muscle,lateral rectus muscle,superior rectus muscle and inferior rectus muscle was(11.81±0.53)mm,(14.38±0.52)mm,(15.75±1.04)mm,(13.75±0.60)mm respectively under direct vision,lmmunohistochemical research confirmed that pulley structure contains collagen,elastin fibers and smooth muscle.Conclusion High resolution MRI can be used as an instrument in clinic for localization and quantitative analysis of pulley structure.(Ophthalmol CHN,2006,15:304-308)
'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(23.036 .093 25.536)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(45.87 1.273 16.18)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(69.945 .996 12.078)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(20.66 -19.689 31.932)'/%3e%3c/svg%3e)