A. Manna

Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare

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Co-Authors

C. Massimi

University of Bologna

102

N. Patronis

University of Ioannina

P. Finocchiaro

Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali del Sud

A. Mengoni

European Organization for Nuclear Research

E. González-Romero

Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas

D. Bosnar

University of Zagreb

M. Kokkoris

National Technical University of Athens

M. Bacak

European Organization for Nuclear Research

D. Cano‐Ott

Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas

P. Vaz

Instituto Superior Técnico

Cooperative Institutions

European Organization for Nuclear Research

263

Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare

254

Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas

128

Australian National University

Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives

Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bologna

Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali del Sud

Universitat de València

Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari

Instituto de Física Corpuscular

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High accuracy, high resolution 235U(n,f) cross section from n_TOF (CERN) in the thermal to 10 keV energy range

arXiv (Cornell University) (2022)

M. Mastromarco S. Amaducci N. Colonna P. Finocchiaro L. Cosentino

The 235U(n,f) cross section was measured in a wide energy range (25 meV - 170 keV) at the n_TOF facility at CERN, relative to 6Li(n,t) and 10B(n,alpha) standard reactions, with high resolution and accuracy, with a setup based on a stack of six samples and six silicon detectors placed in the neutron beam. In this paper we report on the results in the region between thermal and 10 keV neutron energy. A resonance analysis has been performed up to 200 eV, with the code SAMMY. The resulting fission kernels are compared with the ones extracted on the basis of the resonance parameters of the most recent major evaluated data libraries. A comparison of the n_TOF data with the evaluated cross sections is also performed from thermal to 10 keV neutron energy for the energy-averaged cross section in energy groups of suitably chosen width. A good agreement is found in average between the new results and the latest evaluated data files ENDF-B/VIII and JEFF-3.3, as well as with respect to the IAEA reference files. However, some discrepancies are still present in some specific energy regions. The new dataset here presented, characterized by unprecedented resolution and accuracy, can help improving the evaluations in the Resolved Resonance Region and up to 10 keV, and reduce the uncertainties that affect this region.

Nuclear data

10.48550/arxiv.2202.05603

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New insights on fission of $^{235}$U induced by high energy neutrons

A. Manna E. Pirovano

The $^{235}$U(n,f) reaction cross section was measured relative to neutron-proton elastic scattering for the first time in the energy region from 10 MeV to 440 MeV at the CERN n\_TOF facility. Two independent detection systems were used simultaneously to extract the fission cross section. For neutron energies below 200 MeV, the present results agree within one standard deviation with the data available in literature and are well reproduced by the IAEA evaluation. Above 200 MeV, the comparison of model calculations to the present data indicates the need to introduce a transient time in the description of the neutron-induced fission process in order to allow the simultaneous description of (n,f) and (p,f) reactions.

Nuclear fission

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High-resolution cross section measurements for neutron interactions on $$^{89}$$Y with incident neutron energies up to 95 keV

The European Physical Journal A (2024)

G. Tagliente P. M. Milazzo C. Paradela S. Kopecky D. Vescovi

10.1140/epja/s10050-024-01243-4

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A Thermal Analysis Microcomputer Code as a Building Design Tool

Aldo Fanchiotti A. Manna C. Matteoli

Micro computer

Code (set theory)

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Neutron Capture on the s -Process Branching Point Tm171 via Time-of-Flight and Activation

Physical Review Letters (2020)

C. Guerrero J. Lerendegui-Marco M. Paul M. Tessler S. Heinitz

The neutron capture cross sections of several unstable nuclides acting as branching points in the $s$ process are crucial for stellar nucleosynthesis studies. The unstable $^{171}\mathrm{Tm}$ (${t}_{1/2}=1.92\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{yr}$) is part of the branching around mass $A\ensuremath{\sim}170$ but its neutron capture cross section as a function of the neutron energy is not known to date. In this work, following the production for the first time of more than 5 mg of $^{171}\mathrm{Tm}$ at the high-flux reactor Institut Laue-Langevin in France, a sample was produced at the Paul Scherrer Institute in Switzerland. Two complementary experiments were carried out at the neutron time-of-flight facility ($n\text{_}\text{TOF}$) at CERN in Switzerland and at the SARAF liquid lithium target facility at Soreq Nuclear Research Center in Israel by time of flight and activation, respectively. The result of the time-of-flight experiment consists of the first ever set of resonance parameters and the corresponding average resonance parameters, allowing us to make an estimation of the Maxwellian-averaged cross sections (MACS) by extrapolation. The activation measurement provides a direct and more precise measurement of the MACS at 30 keV: 384(40) mb, with which the estimation from the $n\text{_}\text{TOF}$ data agree at the limit of 1 standard deviation. This value is 2.6 times lower than the JEFF-3.3 and ENDF/B-VIII evaluations, 25% lower than that of the Bao et al. compilation, and 1.6 times larger than the value recommended in the KADoNiS (v1) database, based on the only previous experiment. Our result affects the nucleosynthesis at the $A\ensuremath{\sim}170$ branching, namely, the $^{171}\mathrm{Yb}$ abundance increases in the material lost by asymptotic giant branch stars, providing a better match to the available pre-solar SiC grain measurements compared to the calculations based on the current JEFF-3.3 model-based evaluation.

Neutron capture

10.1103/physrevlett.125.142701

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Citations (21)

New detection systems for an enhanced sensitivity in key stellar (n,γ) measurements

EPJ Web of Conferences (2023)

J. Lerendegui-Marco V. Babiano-Suárez J. Balibrea-Correa C. Domingo‐Pardo I. Ladarescu

Neutron capture cross-section measurements are fundamental in the study of astrophysical phenomena, such as the slow neutron capture (s-) process of nucleosynthesis operating in red-giant and massive stars. However, neutron capture measurements via the time-of-flight (TOF) technique on key $s$-process nuclei are often challenging. Difficulties arise from the limited mass ($\sim$mg) available and the high sample-related background in the case of the unstable $s$-process branching points. Measurements on neutron magic nuclei, that act as $s$-process bottlenecks, are affected by low (n,$\gamma$) cross sections and a dominant neutron scattering background. Overcoming these experimental challenges requires the combination of facilities with high instantaneous flux, such as n\_TOF-EAR2, with detection systems with an enhanced detection sensitivity and high counting rate capabilities. This contribution reviews some of the latest detector developments in detection systems for (n,$\gamma$) measurements at n\_TOF, such as i-TED, an innovative detection system which exploits the Compton imaging technique to reduce the dominant neutron scattering background and s-TED, a highly segmented total energy detector intended for high flux facilities. The discussion will be illustrated with results of the first measurement of key the $s$-process branching-point reaction $^{79}$Se(n,$\gamma$).

Neutron capture

Neutron Detection

r-process

s-process

Nuclear astrophysics

10.1051/epjconf/202327913001

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Measurement of the 154Gd(n,γ) cross section and its astrophysical implications

Physics Letters B (2020)

A. Mazzone S. Cristallo O. Aberle G. Alaerts V. Alcayne

The neutron capture cross section of 154Gd was measured from 1 eV to 300 keV in the experimental area located 185 m from the CERN n_TOF neutron spallation source, using a metallic sample of gadolinium, enriched to 67% in 154Gd. The capture measurement, performed with four C6D6 scintillation detectors, has been complemented by a transmission measurement performed at the GELINA time-of-flight facility (JRC-Geel), thus minimising the uncertainty related to sample composition. An accurate Maxwellian averaged capture cross section (MACS) was deduced over the temperature range of interest for s process nucleosynthesis modelling. We report a value of 880(50) mb for the MACS at kT=30 keV, significantly lower compared to values available in literature. The new adopted 154Gd(n,γ) cross section reduces the discrepancy between observed and calculated solar s-only isotopic abundances predicted by s-process nucleosynthesis models.

Spallation Neutron Source

Neutron capture

10.1016/j.physletb.2020.135405

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Cross Section Measurements of Large Angle Fragments Production in the Interaction of Carbon Ion Beams with Thin Targets

Yunsheng Dong I. Mattei A Alexandrov B. Alpat G. Ambrosi

The fragmentation cross sections of carbon ion beams with kinetic energies of $115 - 353~\text{MeV/u}$ impinging on thin targets of graphite (C), polyvinyl-toluene (C$_9$H$_{10}$) and PMMA (C$_2$O$_5$H$_8$) have been measured at 90$^{\text{o}}$ and 60$^{\text{o}}$ at the CNAO particle therapy center (Pavia, Italy). The presented measurements are a complete reanalysis by the FOOT collaboration of already published elemental cross section on composite targets, in order to refine the analysis, improve the systematic uncertainties and show the comparison with the FLUKA Monte Carlo code calculations. In this work, the kinetic energy at production of measured fragments has been completely redefined, together with the efficiencies computation. The new analysis strategy has been successfully validated against the Monte Carlo cross sections. Two detection arms were positioned at two different angles to perform the measurement at 90$^{\text{o}}$ and 60$^{\text{o}}$. The fragment species have been identified in charge (Z$_{id}$ = H) and mass (M$_{id}$ = $^1$H, $^2$H, $^3$H) combining the information of the deposited energy in thin plastic scintillators, of the deposited energy in a thick LYSO crystal and of the fragments Time of Flight (ToF) measurement. The ToF was also used to compute the fragments measured kinetic energy. The cross sections are presented as a function of the fragments kinetic energy at production thanks to an unfolding technique applied to the data.

Section (typography)

Carbon fibers

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Status report of the n_TOF facility after the 2nd CERN long shutdown period

EPJ Techniques and Instrumentation (2023)

N. Patronis A. Mengoni S. Goula O. Aberle V. Alcayne

Abstract During the second long shutdown period of the CERN accelerator complex (LS2, 2019-2021), several upgrade activities took place at the n_TOF facility. The most important have been the replacement of the spallation target with a next generation nitrogen-cooled lead target. Additionally, a new experimental area, at a very short distance from the target assembly (the NEAR Station) was established. In this paper, the core commissioning actions of the new installations are described. The improvement in the n_TOF infrastructure was accompanied by several detector development projects. All these upgrade actions are discussed, focusing mostly on the future perspectives of the n_TOF facility. Furthermore, some indicative current and future measurements are briefly reported.

Upgrade

Shut down

10.1140/epjti/s40485-023-00100-w

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Measurement of the ²⁴¹Am(n,γ) cross section at the n_TOF facility at CERN

EPJ Web of Conferences (2023)

A. Oprea F. Gunsing P. Schillebeeckx O. Aberle M. Bacak

The neutron capture cross section of 241 Am is an important quantity for nuclear energy production and fuel cycle scenarios. Several measurements have been performed in recent years with the aim to reduce existing uncertainties in evaluated data. Two previous measurements, performed at the 185 m flight-path station EAR1 of the neutron time-of-flight facility n_TOF at CERN, have permitted to substantially extend the resolved resonance region, but suffered in the near-thermal energy range from the unfavorable signal-to-background ratio resulting from the combination of the high radioactivity of 241 Am and the rather low thermal neutron flux. The here presented 241 Am(n,γ) measurement, performed with C 6 D 6 liquid scintillator gamma detectors at the 20 m flight-path station EAR2 of the n_TOF facility, took advantage of the much higher neutron flux. The current status of the analysis of the data, focussed on the low-energy region, will be described here.

Time-of-Flight

10.1051/epjconf/202328401036

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