Measurements of neutron count rate at ground level were<br>performed with a single lead- and moderator-free He-3<br>tube detector. This detector has been collecting data<br>intermittently since October 2008 and is located at ground<br>level in São José dos Campos, Brazil. In this paper, we<br>report events when a significant increase in the neutron<br>count rate was recorded. These events seem to be<br>correlated with changes in local weather conditions such<br>as cloud coverage or rainfall. We also report the<br>observation of a single event that seems to be indicative<br>of the production of a burst of neutrons by a lightning<br>discharge near the detector.
Regional mapping of the Amazon basin using imaging radar is described. Two 60-day periods of radar mapping will be conducted, one in 1995, and one in 1996. One period will view the low-water season, and the other will view during the high-flood season. The main objective of the JAMMS project is to generate a regional map showing inundation throughout the Amazon Basin by comparing the two data sets.
Whenever it is intended to make measurements in space of any physical or chemical parameter, a platform is needed that allows hosting such experiments with all possibilities of support for carrying out the planned measurements.In addition, it stores the measurements on board and at each chosen time interval and sends them to a reception station on land.The same as the ground station send commands on board for possible changes in the on board electronics that you want to make.Also monitor the flight at least every instant of 10 seconds, having data from the balloon with GPS, data from the temperature outside the platform and inside it.Perform flight termination with order from the ground station for a balloon separation command and flight platform to parachute down.This development of this balloon flight platform will allow high school and university students to carry out technical and scientific experiments without worrying about this very important part of onboard and ground infrastructure.It is proposed in this work a simple low-cost proposal already with tests carried out on land showing good functioning.
The total electron content (TEC) derived from two Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers localized at Palmas (PAL, 10.2oS, 48.2oW, dip latitude 5.5oS), near equatorial region, and São José dos Campos (SJC, 23.2oS, 45.9oW, dip latitude 17.6oS), under the southern crest of the equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA), in the Brazilian sector are used in this paper. TEC from the latest available IRI-2012 model at the same locations is also used. A comparative study between GPS-TEC and the IRI-2012 model is analyzed during the deep low solar activity period of 2009 in the unusual solar cycle 23. The measurements and the modeled data show that the IRI-TEC model gives the better estima- tes of the GPS-TEC during the nighttime from January to December months at PAL and SJC. The IRI-TEC model shows larger differences from the GPS-TEC in the afternoon hours, mainly at SJC. These di- screpancies observed at SJC in the afternoon hours for all months are possibly due to the dynamics of EIA in consequence of the equatorial fountain effect. At PAL and SJC, oscillations of GPS-TEC with pe- riods around 16 days in April and periods around 27-32 days between September and December possibly are noticed which could be related to a modulation of the semidiurnal tide and Sun's rotation, respecti- vely. Also, oscillations with periods around 2-4 and 5-10 days from January to December are observed at PAL and SJC, possibly associated with the propagation of planetary waves.
Low energy gamma radiation (0.2-10.0)MeV near the Earth's surface has several origins.Primary and secondary cosmic radiations with interactions of very high energy protons (> 1 GeV) in terrestrial atmosphere are the main sources.The second most important source near the surface of the Earth and in the tropical and equatorial regions is the radon gas (Rn-222) that decays in alpha particles and gamma rays in this energy range.Also the telluric radionuclides 238 U, 235 U, 40 K and 232 Th in decays produce gamma radiation with different intensities at different locations on the surface of the Earth.Other sources less present are electrical discharges (lightning strikes) and man-made radioactive sources for medical, dental and industrial applications.In this work, it is shown that measurements of these components during all year 2016 are carried out at the ITA (Technological Institute of Aeronautics) campus in São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil and their possible correlations with atmospheric phenomena.