To investigate the effects of sleep hygiene education for workers of an information technology (IT) company, we conducted a controlled clinical trial providing 581 workers one-hour sleep hygiene education. The contents of the sleep hygiene education program were a review of sleep habits, provide sleep hygiene education, and the establishment of sleep habit goals. A self-report questionnaire was used to measure outcomes including the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS), Checklist Individual Strength (CIS), Center for Epidemiologic Studies for Depression (CES-D), and mean sleep duration on weekdays before and 4 wk after the intervention. A total of 391 participants were included in the analysis, with 214 participants in the sleep hygiene education group and 177 in the waiting list group. KSS score at 2 P.M. decreased by 0.42 points in the sleep hygiene education group, but increased by 0.08 points in the waiting list group, showing a significant effect size of 0.50 (95%CI, -0.97 to -0.04, p<0.05). PSQI score also improved, but the inter-group difference was not statically significant. The present study provides preliminary evidence that brief sleep hygiene education may improve afternoon sleepiness at work, but not sleep at night for IT workers.
We give asymptotic upper and lower bounds of large deviation type for the transition density of a jump type processes on ød, which is composed of stable-like processes on the line and vector fields on ød. We use the theory of Malliavin calculus both for diffusion and for jump type processes. In the case where there is no drift, the upper and lower bounds coincide. Dans cet article, nous démontrons un théorème de majoration et minoration de la densité pour une classe de processus avec sauts sur ød. Nous utilisons dans ce but un calcul de Malliavin pour processus avec sauts, et la théorie des grandes deviations.
We study the asymptotic upper and lower bounds of large deviation type for the diagonal of the transition density as the small parameter tends to zero. The density is attached to a certain type of perturbed processes on R d with jumps. The result is expressed using Malliavin calculus of jump type and Girsanov transform of measures.
During infectious disease outbreaks, governments issue various public directives to curb disease spread.Disease containment measures sometimes include strong behavioural restrictions.Compliance with these public health restrictions depends on people's trust in government.This chapter applies statistical analysis to study the impact of the SARS outbreak on the levels of public trust in government in Asia.The analysis shows that the 2003 SARS outbreak reduced people's trust in government in Asian countries.It also indicates that this loss was mitigated when there was collaboration between the government and the World Health Organization (WHO).This finding suggests that a collaborative relationship with international organizations such as the WHO encourages the public to comply with restrictive measures implemented by governments.
In the field of red blood cell cryopreservation, the latest research informations were mainly divided into two parts as follows: 1) The improvement of the frozen storage bag. 2) The long-term storage of the frozen and thawed red blood cells. That was based on the research for changing the film of frozen storage bags from polyvinyl chloride to polyolefin. In consequent, the broken ratio of the bags in the period of frozen storage was expected to reduced, immediately. And this was studied for establishment of the closed bag system and introduction of the mannitol-adenine-phosphate(MAP) solution. From these results, it was made clear that the frozen and thawed red blood cells could be stored in MAP solution at 4 degrees C for 3 weeks.
Abstract This study examines the causal effects of job stress on workers’ mental health. Evaluating the causal relationship between job stress and workers’ mental health is challenging due to an endogeneity problem, as heavy workloads and thus job stress are likely assigned to workers in good mental health condition. Endogeneity can also be problematic due to workers’ unobserved heterogeneity, such as personal capacities and stress resistance, which are associated with both job stress and mental health outcomes. To solve this problem, we conduct a field experiment at a public employment support institution in Japan. In the experiment, we randomly assign counsellors to jobseekers who are visiting the institution for the first time. Since jobseekers experience varying levels of difficulty finding work, this random assignment results in unexpected workloads, adding job stress for counsellors. We then collect counsellors’ daily records on mental health conditions for 4 consecutive weeks, matching the responses with the random assignment data on job counselling. Utilising a panel structure of the dataset and applying a fixed-effects model, we remove counsellors’ time-invariant unobserved heterogeneities. We measure counsellors’ mental health in terms of both subjective, self-reported perceptions and objective aspects of blood pressure and pulse. The results reveal that the job stress driven by newly assigned problematic jobseekers deteriorates aspects of counsellors’ objective mental health, whereas it does not appear to affect their subjective mental health. This result suggests that workers can accumulate the negative effects of job stress on mental health that they may be unaware of.
Asian countries have dealt with COVID-19 with varying levels of success. The WHO’s lack of effective leadership in the region has resulted in increasingly contested global health governance. The pandemic continues to undermine global health, and the highly interdependent economies in Asia have exposed the speed with which pandemics can now spread. The security of migrant workers is more precarious than ever. Millions have been stranded and face limited access to health services. Public Health in Asia during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Global Health Governance, Migrant Labour, and International Health Crises provides an accessible framework for understanding the COVID-19 pandemic in Asia through the lens of global governance in health and labour.
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