GeneChip is one of the low-throughput gene screening tools, which is quite suitable for detecting target genes associated with certain pathophysiologic process. Our team has applied such technique into the studying of oxidative stress during the Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) and the following ischaemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) after PCI.
Methods
11 patients with confirmed STEMI were admitted to our ER and CCU were involved into our study. 10 healthy volunteers with matching age and sex were set as the controlled group. Blood samples were collected immediately after the diagnosis and the same procedure was done on the 3rd and 7th day. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were extracted for RNA extraction. Human Stress & Toxicity Pathway Finder PCR Array was applied for corresponding gene screening. Real Time PCR was applied to confirm the candidate genes mRNA expression.
Results
12 genes were detected with significant changes in the PBMCs of STEMI patients. GADD45A (associated with cell growth/aging), PRDX2 (associated with oxidative stress), HSPD1, DNAJB1, DNAJB2 (associated with heat shock process), RAD50 (associated with DNA restoration), TNFSF6, TRADD (associated with apoptosis) displayed up-regulated expression. CCNG1 (associated with cell proliferation/cancer), CAT, CYP1A1 (associated with oxidative stress), ATM (associated with DNA restoration) were down-regulated. Further RT-PCR confirmed the previously findings.
Conclusions
Sophisticated mechanism was involved during the pathophysiologic development of STEMI and the following IRI after PCI. Oxidative stress, heat shock reaction, cell restoration and apoptosis play an important role in the process of injury and repair.
Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is a highly malignant tumor with extremely poor prognosis. Previous studies have suggested that the carcinogenesis and progression of GBC is a multi-stage and multi-step process, but most of them focused on the genome changes. And a few studies just compared the transcriptome differences between tumor tissues and adjacent noncancerous tissues. The transcriptome changes, relating to every stage of GBC evolution, have rarely been studied. We selected three cases of normal gallbladder, four cases of gallbladder with chronic inflammation induced by gallstones, five cases of early GBC, and five cases of advanced GBC, using next-generation RNA sequencing to reveal the changes in mRNAs and lncRNAs expression during the evolution of GBC. In-depth analysis of the sequencing data indicated that transcriptome changes from normal gallbladder to gallbladder with chronic inflammation were distinctly related to inflammation, lipid metabolism, and sex hormone metabolism; transcriptome changes from gallbladder with chronic inflammation to early GBC were distinctly related to immune activities and connection between cells; and the transcriptome changes from early GBC to advanced GBC were distinctly related to transmembrane transport of substances and migration of cells. Expression profiles of mRNAs and lncRNAs change significantly during the evolution of GBC, in which lipid-based metabolic abnormalities play an important promotive role, inflammation and immune activities play a key role, and membrane proteins are very highlighted molecular changes.
Abstract Purpose It is controversial for the optimal time of breast cancer surgery after COVID-19 infection. Purpose was to assess the risk of postoperative complication in breast cancer patients with COVID-19 infection, in order to select optimal surgery timing after COVID-19 infection. Methods Breast cancer patients infected with COVID-19 and performed surgery between December 20th, 2022 to March 20th, 2023 were included in this prospective study ( n = 577). Patients performed surgery between May 1, 2019 to October 1, 2019 were listed as control group ( n = 329). They had not been infected with COVID-19 before surgery. Patients were grouped by time of surgery relative to COVID-19 infection. Database was evaluated using logistic regression. Results Patients infected with COVID-19 had a higher incidence of complications after surgery compared to that not-COVID-19 infection (6.59% vs. 3.04%). Multivariable logistic analysis demonstrated that timing of surgery was associated with complications (OR = 4.253; 95% CI: 0.855–21.153, P = 0.044). Patients performed surgery within 2 weeks after COVID-19 infection had the highest rates of complication (17.65%) when compared with other groups, while the incidence was decreased into 5.51% when surgery 2 weeks or more after COVID-19 infection. With a median follow-up was 10 months, all patients with complications were recovered without serious complications or death, which had no adverse effect on subsequent anti-tumor therapy. Conclusions It needs to be cautious when breast cancer surgery was performed within 2 weeks after COVID-19 infection. Although the incidence of complications in patients undergoing surgery 2 weeks after COVID-19 infection is still slightly high, surgery might be recommended considering urgency of treatment, good prognosis of complications and the lack of influence on subsequent adjuvant therapy.
Sprouts as a natural food have been commonly consumed in different cultures, which are richer in health-promoting compounds than their mature counterparts. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of blue light on physiological and biochemical changes including sprout length, respiratory rate, free amino acids, ascorbic acid, glucosinolates, isothiocyanates and myrosinase activity in germinating cabbage sprouts. Furthermore, their correlation analysis was conducted to elucidate their changing patterns during germination and relationships with each other. The respiratory rate, free amino acids and ascorbic acid content were greatly enhanced by blue light compared to the darkness. Blue light could better retain glucosinolate content in cabbage sprouts than the darkness. More isothiocyanates formation was observed from cabbage sprouts under blue light, which was a result of the promoted myrosinase activity and higher glucosinolate content. These results indicate that blue light has selectively improved the nutritional compounds in germinated cabbage sprouts.
In the present study, the efficacy of PAW with different activation time and PAW treatment time in decontamination of Escherichia coli (E. coli) on broccoli sprouts and the effect of PAW on the quality of broccoli sprouts were investigated. The results showed that PAW60 treatment for 15 min resulted in the highest reduction of E. coli on broccoli sprouts. The bactericidal effect was also confirmed by the changes of morphology, cell membrane permeability and protein changes of E. coli cells via analyses of the scanning electron microscope (SEM), the flow cytometer and circular dichrograph. Meanwhile, no significant difference was observed in color, cellular structure and total phenolic content between PAW treatment and control. Moreover, PAW treatment did not affect or even enhanced sulforaphane formation in broccoli sprouts. These data indicate that PAW washing can be used a promising sterilization method to assure the food safety and quality of brcoccoli sprouts.
Abstract irGSEA is an R package designed to assess the outcomes of various gene set scoring methods when applied to single-cell RNA sequencing data. This package incorporates six distinct scoring methods that rely on the expression ranks of genes, emphasizing relative expression levels over absolute values. The implemented methods include AUCell, UCell, singscore, ssGSEA, JASMINE and Viper. Previous studies have demonstrated the robustness of these methods to variations in dataset size and composition, generating enrichment scores based solely on the relative gene expression of individual cells. By employing the robust rank aggregation algorithm, irGSEA amalgamates results from all six methods to ascertain the statistical significance of target gene sets across diverse scoring methods. The package prioritizes user-friendliness, allowing direct input of expression matrices or seamless interaction with Seurat objects. Furthermore, it facilitates a comprehensive visualization of results. The irGSEA package and its accompanying documentation are accessible on GitHub (https://github.com/chuiqin/irGSEA).
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