Pt-based catalysts exhibit high catalytic performance in catalytic hydrogen evolution reactions (HER). In this article, the five-element alloy nanoparticles are successfully plated onto carbon nanotubes (CNT) by employing liquid-phase reduction and gas phase sintering. For comparison, a series of ordered and disordered (PtNi)x(TiZrHf)100-x/CNT catalysts are obtained. Results show that the ordered samples have more excellent HER catalytic performance and stability than disordered samples in 0.5 M H2SO4 and 1 M KOH electrolytes. In particular, when the electrolyte is acidic, the overpotentials of ordered (PtNi)55(TiZrHf)45/CNT at 10 and 100 mA cm-2 are 11 and 52 mV. And the Tafel slope is 37.73 mV dec-1. At 10 mA cm-2, the stabilisation time can reach 58 h, which is much better than commercial Pt/C (20.wt%). Density functional theory (DFT) calculation shows that ordered (PtNi)55(TiZrHf)45/CNT has lower hydrogen adsorption energy and a smaller d-band center than disordered one.
Abstract Objective To explore the influence and the underlying mechanism of vaspin (visceral adipose tissue‐derived serpin) on the development of triple‐negative breast malignancy. Methods First, we analyzed medical records and screened out 22 breast cancer patients with different BMI according to inclusion and exclusion criterion, and measured serum vaspin of those patients. Then we studied the effects of vaspin on TNBC cell lines by using EdU assay, colony formation, transwell and wound‐healing assay. Later, we used bioinformatics analysis to identify downstream effectors and verify with qRT‐PCR, luciferase assay, western blot, etc. Results We found the vaspin level was positively correlated with BMI in breast malignant patients and vaspin could significantly enhance the proliferation, infiltration and transferring of triple‐negative breast cancer cells by restraining the expression of miR‐33a‐5p. By using bioinformatic analysis and luciferase assay, we identified miR‐33a‐5p directly regulating ABHD2. Conclusion Vaspin, as a cancer‐promoting cytokine, may inhibit miR‐33a‐5p thus increasing the level of ABHD2 to promote the development of the triple‐negative breast cancer.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nano-sized vesicle structures secreted from a variety of cells, which carry numerous biological macromolecules, participate in cell signal transduction and avoid immune system clearance. EVs have a plethora of specific signal recognition factors, and many studies have shown that they can play an important role in the precise treatment of tumors. This review aims to compile the applications of EVs as nanocarriers for antitumor drugs, gene drugs and other nanomaterials with anticancer capability. Additionally, we systematically summarize the preparation methodology and expound upon how to improve the drug loading and cancer-targeting capacity of EVs. We highlight that EV-based drug delivery has the potential to become the future of precise cancer treatment.
It is well known that obesity is one of the risks for incurrence and development in breast cancer patients. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are reported to participate in the composition of tumor microenvironment and to regulate breast cancer cell metabolic activities. However, there was rare study focused on the lncRNAs in breast cancer with the influences of adipocytes. The study aimed to investigate lncRNAs expression profiles and discover potential biomarkers to predict the incidence and progression of adipocyte-associated-breast cancer.We co-cultured adipocytes with breast cancer cells and profiled the expression of lncRNAs as well as mRNAs by using the RNA-sequencing method. Wound Healing, Migration assays and Invasion assays were applied to verify the invasion and metastasis of cancer cells.MDA-MB-231/Hpa-V and SK-BR-3/Hpa-V cells showed elevated migration and invasiveness compared to the control group. A sum of 371 mRNAs (181 upregulated and 190 downregulated) and 850 lncRNAs(414 upregulated and 436 downregulated) were differentially expressed in MDA-MB-231/Hpa-V comparing to MDA-MB-231(P < 0.05; |log2 (fold change)|>1.2). GO enrichment, KEGG pathway and interaction networks demonstrated that differentially expressed lncRNAs were involved in functional categories, such as material metabolism, which might lead to the progression of breast cancer.Our study detected a lncRNA profile in breast cancer cells affecting by adipocytes and provided a better understanding of the tumor microenvironment. LncRNAs may be helpful to predict the therapeutic responses and prognosis of obese breast cancer patients.
Abstract Background : To explore the epigenetic and biological functions of muc members in breast cancer. Results : Mutation analysis showed that most of the muc members had missense mutations and the breast cancer patients with muc13 had a poor prognosis. Methylation analysis showed that the methylation expression of muc1, muc4, muc5AC and muc13 was related closely. The differentially expressed muc1, muc13 and muc15 had a poor prognosis and were related to immune infiltrating lymphocytes in breast cancer microenvironment. Conclusions : The epigenetic basis and biological functions of muc members are closely related to the occurrence and development of breast cancer.
Abstract: Pt-based catalysts exhibit high catalytic performance in hydrogen evolution reactions (HER). In this article, the five-element alloy nanoparticles are successfully synthesized on carbon nanotubes (CNT) by employing liquid-phase reduction and gas-phase sintering. For comparison, a series of ordered and disordered (PtNi)x(TiZrHf)100-x/CNT catalysts are obtained. Results show that the ordered samples have more excellent HER catalytic performance and stability than disordered samples in 0.5 M H2SO4 and 1 M KOH electrolytes. In particular, when the electrolyte is acidic, the overpotentials of ordered (PtNi)55(TiZrHf)45/CNT at 10 and 100 mA cm-2 are 11 and 52 mV, with low Tafel slope of 37.73 mV dec-1. At 10 mA cm-2, the stabilization time can reach 58 h, which is much better than commercial Pt/C (20 wt.%). Density functional theory (DFT) calculation shows that ordered (PtNi)55(TiZrHf)45/CNT has lower hydrogen adsorption energy and activated water adsorption energy than disordered one, indicating better performance in both acidic and alkaline electrolyte. It is mainly attributed to the electronic coupling effect after ordering that makes the overall d-band center decrease.
Objective: To explore the application value of endoscope in probing the chronic wound with sinus tract in clinic. Methods: Twenty-eight chronic wounds with sinus tracts from 27 patients conforming to the inclusion criteria admitted to Outpatient Department of Wound Healing Center of Ruijin Hospital from December 2017 to March 2018 were investigated in a prospective and self-controlled trial. After being cleaned, the diameter of the opening of sinus tract was measured with a rule. A probe was used to measure the depth of a sinus tract according to the touch from the probe extremity in operation, and to measure the depth of a sinus tract that could be observed with naked eyes with the help of a pair of hemostatic forceps. Five minutes later, a probe was inserted deeply into the sinus tract to measure the depth under the endoscopic view combined with touch from the probe extremity in operation. Afterwards, the sinus tract was observed with endoscope, and the depth of the tract which could be observed under the endoscopic view was measured using a probe inserted deeply into the sinus tract. After completion of the above exploration, the sinus tract was infused with contrast agent Omnipaque 350 and scanned by computed tomography (CT) later to obtain its depth. The following indicators were calculated: the ratio of the depth of the sinus tract measured by CT to the diameter of the opening of the sinus tract (hereinafter referred to as the depth/diameter ratio of the sinus tract), the deviation rate comparing the depth of the sinus tract measured by conventional method (measured by probe only) and by endoscope (measured by probe under the endoscope view) with the depth of the sinus tract measured by CT (hereinafter referred to as the deviation rate of the measured depth of the sinus tract), the deviation rate comparing the depth of the sinus tract that could be observed measured by conventional method and by endoscope with the depth of the sinus tract measured by CT (hereinafter referred to as the deviation rate of the depth of the sinus tract that could be observed). Data were processed with paired t test. Pearson correlation analysis was applied to analyze the correlation between the depth/diameter ratio of the sinus tract and the deviation rate of the measured depth of the sinus tract and the deviation rate of the depth of the sinus tract that could be observed by conventional method and by endoscope. Results: The depth/diameter ratio of the sinus tract of this group of wounds was 1-32 (8±7). The deviation rate of the measured depth of the sinus tract and the deviation rate of the depth of the sinus tract that could be observed by conventional method were (19±14)% and (79±18)%, respectively, both obviously larger than (9±9)% and (25±25)% by endoscope (t=3.837, 13.626, P<0.01). Positive correlation existed between the depth/diameter ratio of the sinus tract and the deviation rate of the measured depth of the sinus tract by conventional method, and between the depth/diameter ratio of the sinus tract and the deviation rate of the depth of the sinus tract that could be observed by conventional method and by endoscope (r=0.514, 0.585, 0.651, P<0.01). However, there was no obvious correlation between the depth/diameter ratio of the sinus tract and the deviation rate of the measured depth of the sinus tract by endoscope (r=0.113, P>0.05). Conclusions: Compared with the conventional method, application of endoscope is able to get more accurate data of chronic wounds with sinus tracts and observe the wounds with wider range.目的： 探讨内镜在临床窦道型慢性创面探查中的应用价值。 方法： 2017年12月—2018年3月，笔者单位创面修复中心门诊收治27例符合入选标准的窦道型慢性创面患者，对其28个窦道型慢性创面进行前瞻性自身前后对照研究。清理窦口后，用刻度尺测量窦口口径，用探针根据手感盲测窦道深度，另借助止血钳在肉眼直视下用探针测量窦道可见纵深。5 min后，在内镜监视下深入探针并结合手感测量窦道深度，另用内镜观察窦道并深入探针测量内镜视野下窦道可见纵深。完成上述探查后，于窦道内灌注对比剂欧乃派克350行CT检查测量窦道深度。计算CT检查测得的窦道深度和刻度尺测量的窦口口径的比值(下称窦道深口比)、常规检查(只用探针测量)和内镜检查(内镜监视下用探针测量)测得窦道深度与CT检查测得窦道深度的偏差率(下称窦道测深偏差率)、常规检查和内镜检查测得窦道可见纵深与CT检查测得窦道深度的偏差率(下称窦道可见纵深偏差率)。对数据行配对t检验，另对窦道深口比与常规检查和内镜检查的窦道测深偏差率和窦道可见纵深偏差率的相关性进行Pearson相关分析。 结果： 本组创面的窦道深口比为1～32(8±7)。本组创面常规检查的窦道测深偏差率和窦道可见纵深偏差率分别为(19±14)%、(79±18)%，均明显大于内镜检查的(9±9)%、(25±25)%(t＝3.837、13.626，P<0.01)。本组创面窦道深口比与常规检查的窦道测深偏差率以及常规检查、内镜检查的窦道可见纵深偏差率均呈明显正相关(r＝0.514、0.585、0.651，P<0.01)，而窦道深口比与内镜检查的窦道测深偏差率无明显相关(r＝0.113，P>0.05)。 结论： 采用内镜可以较常规检查获得更准确的临床窦道型慢性创面形态数据，能更大范围地观察该类创面。.
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