Continuativeness is an important concept in environmental aesthetics.Continuativeness originated from Dewey aesthetics.Dewey criticized the traditional dualism aesthetics with as the core concept and attempted to establish a unitary aesthetic system.In his Art Is Experience,Dewey proposed to recover the between art and non-art,aesthetic experience and daily life,starting from the featured by human and animal,organism and nature.Berleant inherited and develop Dewey's continuativeness theory and give a brand-new interpretation for the word environment.He further criticized theories of uninterested aesthetics,which was also opposed by Dewey,and creatively put forward a participation mode of natural appreciation.And the mode was applied in the aesthetic probe of art and daily life landscape,turning out to be a comprehensive participation aesthetic theory.
To observe the influence of the 4 parts of forming of Yiqi Qingwen Jidu Heji(YQQWJDHJ) to lung inflammatory cytokines of the model rats infected with influenza virus dynamically, and to discuss the mechanism of 4 parts of forming to anti-influenza immune injury and restoration.At the different stages of infection with the model rats infected by FM1 influenza, expression in lung of TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-1, IL-10 and IFN-gamma was detected after the intervention of 4 parts of forming using ELISA method.The expression of TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-1 and IFN-gamma of model rats infected by FM1 were higher than the control group, the expression of IL-10 did not change. The expression of TNF-alpha was significantly reduced in 3 to 5 days after infection. By the method of relieving superficies with acrid-cold, clearing away heat and poison and replenishing Qi, the lung expression of IFN-gamma was significantly increased in the stage after infection. The method of relieving superficies with acrid-warm significantly reduced lung expression of IL-6 after infection in 1 to 3 days and on the 7th day, decreased the expression of IL-1 in 3 to 7 days, increased IFN-gamma expression on the 3rd day and the 7th day, and significantly increased the expression of IL-10 on the 1st day and in 5 to 7 days. The method of relieving superficies with acrid-cold reduced the expresssion of IL-6 after infection, and significantly increased the expression of IL-10. It could increase the expression of IL-1 after infection on the 3rd day, but reduced IL-1 expression after infection 7 days. The method of clearing away heat and poison reduced lung IL- 6 expression after infection in 3 to 7 days significantly, decreased the expression of IL-1 in 5 to 7 days, also increased the lung expression of IL-10 in 1 to 5 days significantly. The method of replenishing Qi significantly reduced the expression of IL-6 after infection on the 1st day and in 5 to 7 days, decreased the expression of IL-1 in 3 to 7 days, also significantly increased the lung IL-10 on the 5th day after infection.The method of clearing away heat and poison and replenishing Qi could be against the lung immune inflammatory damage and repair damage. The method of relieving superficies with acrid-warm demonstrated some immunity against lung injury on the 3rd day after infection and the method of relieving superficies with acrid-cold demonstrated some immunity against lung injury on the 5th days after infection.
A vortex is a common ratchet phenomenon in active systems. The spatial symmetry is usually broken by introducing asymmetric shapes or spontaneously by collective motion in the presence of hydrodynamic interactions or other alignment effects. Unexpectedly, we observe, by simulations, the formation of a vortex in the simplest model of a circular obstacle immersed in a bath of spherical self-propelled particles. No symmetry-breaking factors mentioned above are included in this model. The vortex forms only when the particle activity is high, i.e. large persistence. The obstacle size is also a key factor and the vortex only forms in a limited range of obstacle sizes. The sustainment of the vortex originates from the bias of the rotating particle cluster around the obstacle in accepting the incoming particles based on their propelling directions. Our results provide new understanding of and insights into the spontaneous symmetry-breaking and ratchet phenomena in active matter.
Prostaglandin E2 (PGE(2)) is a key modulator of dendritic cells (DCs) function, and cornea-derived transforming growth factor beta 2 (TGF-β(2)) promotes the generation of phenotypically and functionally immature DCs. Therefore, this study was carried out to investigate whether PGE(2) is involved in the suppressive effect on DCs maturation mediated by corneal stroma cells (CSCs) and whether PGE(2) and TGF-β(2) have additive effects in this immunosuppressive mechanism.Bone marrow-derived DCs (BM-DCs), splenic T cells and CSCs culture supernatant were obtained from mice via various protocols. After that, the level of PGE(2) in CSCs culture supernatant was analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Then, immature BM-DCs pretreated by E-prostanoid 2 receptor antagonist AH6809 or dimethyl sulfoxide were induced to mature in the presence of lipopolysaccharide, with or without CSCs culture supernatant. In parallel experiments, neutralizing TGF-β(2) antibody or normal goat IgG was added into the supernatant. Next, the cellular surface markers for DCs maturation, including CD80, CD86, and major histocompatibility complex class II (MHCII), were analyzed by flow cytometry; the capability of stimulating the proliferation of T lymphocytes was evaluated by allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reactions and the function of endocytosis was assessed by fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran uptake.Higher concentration of PGE(2) was detected in CSCs culture supernatant than in the fresh medium. In addition, compared with control group, after treated with the supernatant in the mature stage, BM-DCs displayed lower expression of CD80, CD86 and MHC II, lower T cell stimulatory capacity and higher endocytosis function. However, after the application of AH6809, BM-DCs partially regained T cell stimulatory capacity and expression of CD86 and MHC II, but partially lost endocytic activity. Moreover, after the application of AH6809 and neutralizing TGF-β(2) antibody, the result of statistical analysis indicated that there was a statistical difference of interaction in the expression of MHC II and T cell stimulatory capacity.PGE(2) contributes to the suppressive effect on BM-DCs maturation mediated by CSCs in vitro, and PGE(2) and TGF-β(2) have additive effects on the immunosuppression of BM-DCs.
Aim To study the plasma concentration and bioavailability of the abrin P2 in mice,as the basis for developing new anti-cancer drug.Methods 125I-abrin P2 was injected intravenously 2.1 μg·kg-1 or administered orally 21.9,43.8 and 87.5 μg·kg-1,respectively.Blood samples were collected at different time points following drug administration,and the plasma was separated from blood samples.Radioisotopic tracing method combined with trichloroacetic acid(TCA)precipitation was used to determine plasma concentration of 125I-abrin P2 in mice.The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using PKS software,and bioavailability was assessed according to the ratio of the area under concentration-time curve(AUC0~∞).Results The method showed good linear relationship within the concentration range of 0.01~50μg·L-1,the recovery of abrin P2 from the mouse plasma was over 85%,and the intra-day precision expressed as the relative standard deviation was less than 5%.The T12Ka,T12Ke and AUC0~∞ for intravenously administered abrin P2(2.1 μg·kg-1)were 0.46 h,8.63 h,16.84 μg·h·L-1,respectively;The T12Ka,T12Ke and AUC0~∞ for orally administered abrin P2(87.5,43.8,21.9 μg·kg-1)were 1.26,1.15,0.55 h;46.21,46.21,46.19 h;41.42,67.17,119.27 μg·h·L-1,respectively.Conclusion The plasma concentration-time curves of abrin P2 in mice conformed to two-compartment open model,and in the range of low and middle doses good linear relationship was detected,the bioavailabilities of abrin P2 in mice were 24.6%、19.5%、16.7%,respectively.
According to the salmon's (OncorhynchusB1) biological character of return to its hatching river, adopting the method of transplant and releasing, 9 839 000 eyed eggs of the salmon were introduced (Oncorhynchus keta, O.gorbuscha, O.kisutch, O.masou) from Japan, total 8 409 000 juvenile fish was hatched and cultivated for 11 years running from 1985 to 1996. total 127 returning and mature salmons were collected from 1987 to 1995. It proved that the salmon could exist in the Yellow Sea area and return to its releasing river.
Objective: acute myeloid leukemia is one of the diseases with higher mortality.New technologies for the study of acute myeloid leukemia proteomic are urgently needed.The aim of this study was to screen serum biomarkers in patients with acute myeloid leukemia by using surface-enhanced laser desorption and ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry(SELDI-TOFMS) technique.Methods: Proteomic spectra were generated by mass spectrometry in 87 cases,including 30 cases of acute myeloid leukemia that had been pathologically confirmed with 5 to 78 years,and 57 cases of healthy control aged 5 to 75 years.87 spectra obtained were used to train and develop a decision tree classification algorithm.Results:A total of 8 distinguished proteomic peaks were detected,7 peaks were used to build a proteomic pattern.The results yielded a sensitivity of 86.7%(26/30)、specificity of 96.5%(55/57).Conclusion:SELDI-TOF-MS offers a unique platform for the proteomic detection of acute myeloid leukemia.It also offers a noninvasive method to further study the proteomic changes in the development and progression of leukemia.
To investigate the changes in serum procalcitonin (PCT) in patients with severe pneumonia, and to analyze its value on evaluating the clinical outcome of patients with severe pneumonia.A total of 58 patients with severe pneumonia aged over 18 years, and admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) of Zhuozhou City Hospital of Hebei Province from January 2017 to July 2018 were enrolled. The patients were divided into recovery group (the symptoms and signs of pneumonia disappeared or improved, and the X-ray chest films improved or did not make significant progress) and deterioration group (the symptoms and signs of pneumonia persisted or progressed, while X-ray chest radiography progressed, as well as serious complications such as involvement of other organ functions due to deterioration of pulmonary infection or septic shock) according to the therapeutic outcome. The serum PCT levels at 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 days after severe pneumonia diagnosed were recorded, and procalcitonin clearance rate (PCTc) was calculated. The acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE II) score was estimated within 24 hours when severe pneumonia was diagnosed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn, and the area under ROC curve (AUC) was calculated to analyze the value of PCTc on evaluating the clinical outcome of patients with severe pneumonia.Among 58 patients, 33 (56.9%) had better outcome after active treatment (recovery group), and 25 (44.1%) had worse condition (deterioration group). There was no significant difference in PCT level at 1 day or 3 days between the recovery group and the deterioration group [μg/L: 5.05 (3.89, 7.61) vs. 5.29 (4.15, 7.46) at 1 day, 4.59 (4.02, 6.90) vs. 5.70 (4.59, 7.28) at 3 days, both P > 0.05]. With the prolongation of treatment time, serum PCT level was gradually decreased in the recovery group, while remained at higher level in the deterioration group, which was significantly lowered at 5, 7, 9 days in the recovery group as compared with that in the deterioration group [μg/L: 2.92 (2.09, 3.42) vs. 6.09 (3.24, 7.96) at 5 days, 1.94 (1.50, 2.07) vs. 7.65 (5.60, 10.52) at 7 days, 1.37 (0.91, 1.74) vs. 8.96 (6.09, 10.87) at 9 days, all P < 0.01]. PCTc at 3, 5, 7, 9 days in the recovery group were significantly higher than those in the deterioration group [15.10 (-17.80, 32.10)% vs. -1.53 (-20.80, 11.48)% at 3 days, 47.50 (30.25, 60.34)% vs. 6.25 (-14.58, 29.05)% at 5 days, 76.44 (53.18, 77.92)% vs. -11.20 (-66.75, -1.38)% at 7 days, 80.01 (59.86, 88.27)% vs. -38.15 (-99.38, -2.81)% at 9 days, all P < 0.05]. ROC curve analysis showed that PCTc at 3, 5, 7 and 9 days were valuable for evaluating the clinical outcome of patients with severe pneumonia, and 9-day PCTc had the greatest value, the AUC was 0.978 [95% confidence interval (95%CI) = 0.945-1.000, P = 0.000], which was higher than APACHE II (AUC = 0.442, 95%CI = 0.280-0.610, P = 0.392); when the best cut-off value of 9-day PCTc was 93.00%, its sensitivity was 99.0%, and specificity was 87.3%.The PCT level of patients with severe pneumonia remained at a high level, which was related with the deterioration of the disease. PCTc, as an index to evaluate the clinical outcome of patients with severe pneumonia, has good application value.
The principal purpose of this study is to set up efficient purification techniques of small DNAs which are suitable for isolation of from tens to three hundred bases of genes. On the bases of the technique, purification methods for big DNA fragments are established. In the experiment, the DNA bands were cut after agarose gel electrophoresis and put into 0.5 mL of tubes with silica wool, glass wood, absorbent cotton and cotton at the bottom. And then 10 000 r/min for 2 min, the liquid was collected. The results indicated that silica wool was the best of the materials. The recovery rate for DNAs below 200bp was over 90%, 85% to approximately 90% for 300bp. And the technique can be applied to purify bigger DNA fragments. The kits for DNA purification hardly recovered DNA below 150bp. The recovery rate for 150bp of DNA was 5%, 60% even for 300bp. The efficiencies of enzymic digestion and enzymic connection for the DNAs purified by the technique were the same as those for the DNAs isolated by the kits. So, the technique is obviously superior to kit purification methods.
'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(23.036 .093 25.536)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(45.87 1.273 16.18)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(69.945 .996 12.078)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(20.66 -19.689 31.932)'/%3e%3c/svg%3e)