Pressure Injury（PI） are localized damages to the skin or underlying soft tissues typically caused by intense and/or prolonged pressure, shearing, friction, or combination of these factors. The wound is difficult to heal and easily leads to infection and other complications. The repair of PI has become a global health problem. This paper describes the preparation and characterization of Graphene Oxide (GO)/Alginate (Alg) gel-loaded Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP), and the effects of GO/Alg/PRP on cell proliferation and angiogenesis have been evaluated by cell experiments. The effects of GO/Alg/PRP on the Ischemic Reperfusion (I/R) model in mice were evaluated in animal experiments, and the relationship between oxidative stress and p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (P38MAPK)/ Nuclear Factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway was investigated. GO/Alg, PRP and GO/Alg/PRP all promote cell proliferation, migration, angiogenesis, wound healing, collagen deposition and epithelial regeneration, and reduce oxidative stress damage of cells and tissues. Among these, GO/Alg/PRP plays the most significant role. We also found a relationship between oxidative stress and the p38MAPK/NF-κB pathway. Our findings suggest that GO/Alg/PRP could be an effective strategy for the treatment of I/R injuries and may serve as a basis for the development of novel PRP based bioactive wound dressings.
Atypical antipsychotic drugs have been shown to protect PC12 cells from cell death induced by a variety of stimuli in culture. Recently, it has been postulated that trophic factors, such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), play a role in preventing cell death. It has been shown that antipsychotic drugs attenuate the decrease in rat hippocampal BDNF that results from immobilization-induced stress. We aimed to determine whether the neuroprotective effects of antipsychotic drugs could be mediated through glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF).We investigated the effects of the atypical antipsychotic drugs quetiapine and clozapine and the typical antipsychotic haloperidol on the secretion of GDNF from rat C6 glioma cells.All 3 drugs increased the amount of GDNF secreted from C6 glioma cells into the medium after 48-hour culture. The intracellular content of GDNF was not altered by treatment with any of the antipsychotic drugs. None of the antipsychotic drugs decreased cell number.This study suggests that stimulation of GDNF release from glial cells by antipsychotic drugs might underlie some of their neuroprotective properties in situ.
Introduction Symptoms of gastric motility disorders are common clinical manifestations of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs), and are triggered and exacerbated by stress, but the neural pathways underpinning them remain unclear. Methods We set-up a mouse model by gastric dilation (GD) in which the gastric dynamics were assessed by installing strain gauges on the surface of the stomach. The neural pathway associated with gastric motility disorders was investigated by behavioral tests, electrophysiology, neural circuit tracing, and optogenetics and chemogenetics involving projections of the corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) from the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) to acetylcholine (ChAT) neurons in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMV). Results We found that GD induced gastric motility disorders were accompanied by activation of PVN CRH neurons, which could be alleviated by strategies that inhibits the activity of PVN CRH neurons. In addition, we identified a neural pathway in which PVN CRH neurons project into DMV ChAT neurons, modulated activity of the PVN CRH →DMV ChAT pathway to alleviate gastric motility disorders induced by GD. Discussion These findings indicate that the PVN CRH →DMV ChAT pathway may mediate at least some aspects of GD related gastric motility, and provide new insights into the mechanisms by which somatic stimulation modulates the physiological functions of internal organs and systems.
Objective To investigate the appropriate dilution times for samples of high concentration of HBsAg in quantitative determination.Methods 122 cases of samples with high concentration of HBsAg were diluted with the different levels of serum dilution times.Results 86.1% of the specimen were successfully detected after successfully 101 diluted times,96.7% of the specimen were successfully detected after diluted 201 times,99.2% of the specimens were successfully detected after diluted 301 times,100.0% of the specimens were successfully detected after diluted 601 times.These revealed the successful rate of the assay increased along with the diluted times.Conclusion When the concentration of HBsAg exceeds 250 IU/ml,it should be detected after 300 times of dilution.
To examine whether emotional factor influences the depression onset in Alzheimer's disease (AD).Twenty mild AD patients conforming to the of DSM-IV criteria with a clinical dementia rating score of 1.0 were divided into 2 groups: 11 patients without depression (AD group), and 9 patients with depression confirming to the National Institute of Mental Health-dAD criteria with a Cornell scale for depression in dementia score>12 (dAD group), without significant differences in age, gender, educational level, onset duration, and MMSE scores between these 2 groups. Ten age-and gender ratio-matched healthy elderly subjects were used as controls. Emotion Stroop task was performed to these 3 groups: emotion Stroop task images were presented with colored positive or negative emotion words (such as HAPPY or SUICIDE, etc.) at the left part of the image to induce emotional responses and with pure color at the right part of the image. The subjects were asked to press the right button when the ink color of the emotion word was congruent with the color at the right part, and press the left button when the ink color of the word was not congruent with the color at the right part. Neutral words were used in the test of general word task. The reaction time, false ratio, and missing ratio were recorded. Functional MRI (fMRI) was conducted. The behavioral data were analyzed with SPSS 11.0 software and the fMRI data were analyzed with SPM2 software.The emotion Stroop task showed that the reaction time of the normal control group was 848 ms+/-320 ms, significantly shorter than those of the dAD and AD groups (1528 ms+/-302 ms and 1173 ms+/-237 ms respectively, both P<0.01), and the reaction time of the AD group was significantly shorter than that of the dAD group too (P=0.04). The false ratio of the normal control group was 0.5%, significantly lower than those of the AD and dAD groups (7.6% and 9.7% respectively, both P<0.01), and there was not a significant difference between the latter 2 groups (P=0.22). The missing ratio of the normal control group was 0, significantly lower than those of the AD and dAD groups (3.1% and 2.5% respectively, both P<0.01), and there was not a significant difference between the latter 2 groups (P=0.29). The fMRI results showed that the bilateral amygdala, left parietal lobe, and left prefrontal lobe were activated in the normal control group, bilateral parietal lobe were activated in the AD group; and bilateral prefrontal cortex in dAD group. The subtraction of the results of emotion Stroop task and general word task showed the brain function area activation images as follows simple emotion factors activated the right amygdala, left parietal lobe, and bilateral prefrontal cortices and occipital lobes in the normal control group; bilateral parietal lobes and left dorsal lateral frontal cortex in the AD group; and bilateral prefrontal cortices in the dAD group;With quite different brain activation pattern, the dAD patients are more susceptible to the influence of emotional factors than AD patients. Impaired emotional neurocircus and emotional reaction may play an important role in the depression onset in AD.
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