Intramural tubal polyps are commonly described in association with subfertility. However, there is unfamiliarity among clinicians about the investigations available for making a diagnosis of this condition. The objective of this paper was to highlight the suitable investigations for diagnosis and thus increase awareness of this condition and its relationship with subfertility.A retrospective review of 14 patients with intramural tubal polyps was done for the period from January to December 1996. An attempt was made to correlate the radiographic findings on hysterosalpingography with transvaginal ultrasound examinations and hydrochromotubation performed under laparoscopic observation. The fertility history of these patients was also examined.The review demonstrated a prevalence of 3.8% of intramural tubal polyps in a selected population of predominantly subfertile women. Only hysterosalpingography was useful in making the diagnosis in-vivo. Fifty percent of the patients did not have any other obvious pathology to explain their subfertility.We conclude that meticulous hysterosalpingography is useful as a diagnostic investigation and that consistent reporting is needed for good follow-up.
Large extraluminal gastrointestinal tumors (GISTs) may present as pelvic masses and thus mimic gynecological neoplasms in female patients. On clinical examination and pelvic ultrasound, these tumors resemble pedunculated fibroids or ovarian tumors. Multidetector computed tomography (CT), with its ability to perform isotropic multiplanar reconstruction, is useful in differentiating GISTs from true gynecological masses by demonstrating the pedicle sign connecting a pelvic GIST to its organ of origin. This allows a preoperative diagnosis to be made, which may be helpful in guiding therapeutic options and management. We present two cases of GISTs presenting as pelvic masses in which ultrasound findings suggested a gynecological cause, but multidetector CT with multiplanar reconstruction was able to determine their true organ of origin.
ABSTRACT A male newborn infant with a giant epignathus associated with intracranial teratoma and obstructive hydrocephalus detected antenatally is reported. Only 4 similar cases have been reported in the literature. This disorder is uniformly lethal. We believe this is the first reported case of epignathus with congenital intracranial teratoma diagnosed antenatally by ultrasonography.
To assess if there are differences in the sonoelastographic features between normal women and patients with endometrial cancer on transvaginal ultrasound. This is a prospective observational case control study. Patients with proven endometrial cancer were invited to participate in study. Inclusion criteria were ability to provide consent to the study, histological proof of endometrial cancer and scheduled for hysterectomy, able to undergo transvaginal ultrasound and age 18 years or older. The controls are well women referred for screening ultrasound. All women were scanned using Philips iU22 ultrasound machine. Conventional ultrasound data included endometrial thickness and vascularity. Sonoelastography data included strain ratios (ratio of endometrial vs myometrial strain measurements) and ratios of the endometrial stripe thickness on grey scale and sonoelastography (distance ratio). There were 28 controls and 28 endometrial cancer patients. recruited. The sonoelastography colour map of endometrial stripe in normal women showed higher elasticity ("soft" tissues). In the presence of endometrial cancer, they are replaced by colours indicating harder, stiffer or less elastic tissues. In the entire cohort of cancer patients, significant differences were found in the endometrial thickness (thicker in cancer patients), elastography strain ratio and distance ratio. In the subgroup analysis, for the postmenopausal cancer patients, the only significant difference was increased endometrial thickness compared to the control group (p≦0.05). For the premenopausal patients, there was significant differences in the elastography strain ratio and the distance ratio (p ≦ 0.05) between the controls and patients, but no significant difference in endometrial thickness. Endometrial elasticity may be altered by cancer. It is more apparent in premenopausal women, and sonoelastography may be a useful adjunct for assessment of abnormal uterine bleeding in these women. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
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