Weihuan Cao

Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey

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Christopher E. Ellison

Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey

Matthew A. Lawlor

Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey

Yalei Zhang

State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse

Li Ouyang

Shandong Institute of Food and Drug Inspection

Deqiang Xu

Zhejiang Energy Group (China)

Zhao Jian-fu

Tongji University

Cooperative Institutions

Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey

Rutgers Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights

State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse

Tongji University

The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center

The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center – Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute

Columbus Oncology and Hematology Associates

The Ohio State University

American College of Surgeons

University of California, Berkeley

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A burst of transposon expression accompanies the activation of Y chromosome fertility genes during Drosophila spermatogenesis

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (2021)

Matthew A. Lawlor Weihuan Cao Christopher E. Ellison

Abstract Transposable elements (TEs) must replicate in germline cells to pass novel insertions to offspring. In Drosophila melanogaster ovaries, TEs can exploit specific developmental windows of opportunity to evade host silencing and increase their copy numbers. However, TE activity and host silencing in the distinct cell types of the Drosophila melanogaster testis are not well understood. We reanalyzed publicly available single-cell RNA-seq datasets to quantify TE expression in the distinct cell types of the Drosophila testis. We developed a novel method for identification of TE and host gene expression programs and find that a distinct population of early spermatocytes expresses a large number of TEs at much higher levels than other germline and somatic components of the testes. This burst of TE expression coincides with the activation of Y chromosome fertility factors and spermatocyte-specific transcriptional regulators, as well as downregulation of many components of the piRNA pathway. The TEs expressed by this cell population are enriched on the Y chromosome and depleted on the X chromosome relative to other active TEs. These data suggest that some TEs may achieve high insertional activity in males by exploiting a window of opportunity for mobilization created by the activation of spermatocyte-specific and Y-chromosome-specific transcriptional programs.

Piwi-interacting RNA

Spermatocyte

10.1101/2021.05.10.443472

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Source Data for Lawlor, Cao, and Ellison 2021

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) (2021)

Matthew A. Lawlor Weihuan Cao Christopher E. Ellison

Source Data for Lawlor, Cao, and Ellison 2021

10.5281/zenodo.5554937

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Citations (1)

[Screening of high efficiency succinonitrile degrading bacterium strains and their degradability].

PubMed (2003)

Weihuan Cao Deqiang Xu Yalei Zhang Li Ouyang Zhao Jian-fu

Succinonitrile used as a sole source of carbon and nitrogen, two bacterium strains, named as J-1-3 and J-13-1, which had high degrading capacity for succinonitrile were isolated and screened out from acrylic fiber wastewater and biofilm in its treatment structure. Through morphological and biochemical method, the two strains were primarily identified as Pseudomonas spp. By tests in shaking flasks, it was determined that the strains can be optimum growth at 30 degrees C, with shaker rotary speed which indirectly reflected aeration capacity at 250 r/min, inoculum amount of 0.1%, and initial pH6. On the optimum conditions for growth, the degradation experiments on different initial concentrations of succinonitrile were carried out. The results indicate that the two strains, especially J-13-1 had high degrading efficiency for succinonitrile. With the initial concentration of succinonitrile at ca. 6000, 8000 and 10,000 mg/L, the degrading rates of succinonitrile by strain J-13-1 reached to 100% after 12.5 h, 14 h and 16 h, respectively.

Succinonitrile

Laboratory flask

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Degradation

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Citations (1)

Source Data for Lawlor, Cao, and Ellison 2021

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) (2021)

Matthew A. Lawlor Weihuan Cao Christopher E. Ellison

Source Data for Lawlor, Cao, and Ellison 2021

10.5281/zenodo.5554936

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Coexpression signatures identify novel regulators of transposon expression in Drosophila

Matthew A. Lawlor Weihuan Cao Christopher E. Ellison

Transposable elements (TEs) are selfish DNA sequences that can replicate themselves in their host's genome. Hosts have evolved specialized strategies for mitigating the deleterious consequences of TE activity. In Drosophila, the piRNA pathway is the primary transposable element (TE) control pathway. However, many TEs are only expressed in specific cell types, raising the possibility that transcription factors (TFs) also regulate TEs in a sequence-specific manner. Indeed, recent studies in mammals have identified TF families that regulate TE expression in parallel with small RNA pathways, but the contribution of such factors to TE expression regulation in Drosophila remains poorly understood. We leveraged natural expression variation across genetic backgrounds in wild populations of Drosophila to test the hypothesis that TE expression should correlate with the expression of such trans-acting factors. We analyzed coexpression relationships between individual host genes and TEs while controlling for factors that commonly influence TE expression estimates. Our analysis indicates that the expression of some TFs is predictive of TE expression. We find evidence that some of these factors act as regulators of known TE silencing genes, while others may act by binding TE-derived sequences distributed throughout the genome. These results provide a list of candidates for future examination of host/TE interplay, including studies of TF co-option or instances of TE-mediated expansion of host gene regulatory networks.

Piwi-interacting RNA

10.31219/osf.io/btvmh

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Capability of Mixed High Efficiency Bacterium Strains in Degrading Alkanes and Succinonitrile

Journal of Tongji University (2007)

Weihuan Cao

This paper presents an investigation of the bacterium strains of C-14-1,C-14-2 and J-13-1 with high degrading capacity for alkanes and succinonitrile respectively.Tests on the mixed bacteria in the mixed system containing multifactor substrate show that since there is no antagonism among strains C-14-1,C-14-2 and J-13-1,they can be mixed and applied together.Because of the effect of catabolite repression and synergistic mechanism between products,the degradation of succinonitrile is promoted while the degradation of alkanes is inhibited in the mixed system of culture medium.Owing to some inhibitting factors,the degradation capacity is depressed in the acrylic fiber wastewater.And the alkanes degrading bacterium strains are not efficient in degrading because of the alkane concentration in wastewater is low.On the other hand,with the succinonitrile concentration in wastewater becoming higher,the degradation result is becoming more obvious,and the degrading rates reach 100% after 9 h.The acrylic fiber wastewater is treated with the mixed bacteria for 9 h,the removal efficiency of CODCr is only 29%,which indicates that wastewater is so complicated that it is impossible to reach a good result in integral treatment just with several high active bacterium strains.It is necessary to construct high active population including many kinds of bacteria among which synergistic mechanism exists to reach a desirable effect in practical treatment.

Succinonitrile

Degradation

Industrial wastewater treatment

Alkane

Strain (injury)

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