Abstract Background The original version of Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment-Patella Questionnaire (VISA-P) is developed in English, and aimed to assess the severity of patellar tendinopathy symptoms. Before used in China, it should be translated to Chinese version. Objectives Our aim is to make a translation/cross-culturally adaption for the VISA-P into simplified Chinese version (VISA-PC). And primarily validate the VISA-PC in Chinese speaking population. Methods The translation process of VISA-P questionnaire into simplified Chinese version (VISP-PC) followed the International recognized guideline. Cross-cultural adaptation was carried out with a clinical measurement study. A total of 128 projects which consisted 33 healthy students, 39 patients with patellar tendinopathy and 56 military students (receive military training as at-risk population) were included into this study. Internal consistency was evaluated with Cronbach’s alpha, and test-retest reliability was assessed with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Construct validity and floor and ceiling effects were also tested. Results The scores were 95.84 ± 5.97 of healthy group, 91.87 ± 9.03 of at-risk group, 62.49 ± 11.39 of pathological group. There is no ceiling and floor effect of VISA-PC. The Cronbach’s alpha (0.895) and ICC (0.986) values showed good internal consistency and reliability. There were high correlations between VISA-PC and Kujala patellofemoral score ( r = 0.721). VISA-PC score also had good correlation with the relevant SF-36 items. Conclusion The VISA-PC was well translated into simplified Chinese version (VISA-PC), which is reliable and valid for Chinese-speaking patients with patellar tendinopathy. Level of evidence II.
Partial nephrectomy (PN) has been established as the standard treatment for T1 renal tumors, and postoperative hemorrhage due to vascular complications is a rare but potentially life-threatening complication reported after PN. Thus, this study evaluated the imaging and surgical factors associated with postoperative hemorrhage after PN and the clinical results of trans-arterial embolization. A retrospective review of the institutional PN database was performed from May 2012 to January 2019, revealing that we performed 810 PN procedures at our institution. In total, 12 patients were referred to the interventional radiology department for vascular complications after the procedure. Patients with and without transarterial embolization (TAE) were age- and sex-matched with 56 patients. Preoperative imaging characteristics and operative details were considered. Univariable and multivariable analyses were used to test their eventual association with the occurrence of hemorrhage. Furthermore, renal functions at diagnosis, after operation or embolization for TAE cases, and at the last follow-up were recorded. A diagnosis of hemorrhage was made at a median of 4 (range, 0-25) days after surgery. The majority of patients (50%) presented with gross hematuria. T test revealed higher renal tumor-parenchyma contact area (TPA) (P = .0407), Length-A (P = .0136), Length-P (P = .0267), operation time (P = .0214) and estimated blood loss (P = .0043) in patients with hemorrhage than in controls. Binary logistic regression analysis identified TPA (P = .048) and estimated blood loss (P = .042) as independent predictors for postoperative hemorrhage with an area under the ROC curve of 0.705 (64% sensitivity and 79% specificity). In conclusion, the occurrence of hemorrhage after PN was associated with a larger TPA and more estimated blood loss during the procedure. In patients who underwent selective TAE, renal function remained comparable with that of controls.
Abstract Bone homeostasis is delicately orchestrated by osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Various pathological bone loss situations result from the overactivated osteoclastogenesis. Receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL)‐activated NF‐κB and MAPK pathways is vital for osteoclastogenesis. Here, we for the first time explored the effects of l ‐tetrahydropalmatine ( l ‐THP), an active alkaloid derived from corydalis, on the formation and function of osteoclasts in vitro and in vivo. In RAW264.7 cells and bone marrow monocytes cells (BMMCs), l ‐THP inhibited osteoclastic differentiation at the early stage, down‐regulated transcription level of osteoclastogenesis‐related genes and impaired osteoclasts functions. Mechanically, Western blot showed that l ‐THP inhibited the phosphorylation of P50, P65, IκB, ERK, JNK and P38, and the electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) revealed that DNA binding activity of NF‐κB was suppressed, ultimately inhibiting the expression of nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFATc1). Besides, Co‐immunoprecipitation indicated that l ‐THP blocked the interactions of RANK and TNF receptor associated factor 6 (TRAF6) at an upstream site. In vivo, l ‐THP significantly inhibited ovariectomy‐induced bone loss and osteoclastogenesis in mice. Collectively, our study demonstrated that l ‐THP suppressed osteoclastogenesis by blocking RANK‐TRAF6 interactions and inhibiting NF‐κB and MAPK pathways. l ‐THP is a promising agent for treating osteoclastogenesis‐related diseases such as post‐menopausal osteoporosis.
Summarized in this paper are various methods for extraction and concentration of natural vitamin E ,including organic solvent extraction ,distillation method ,supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and so on.The advantages and disadvantages for all those methods are analysed.Then the focus is put on the introduction and description of supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and concentration.Further research work necessary for the industrialized production of vitamin E is put forward.It is pointed out that the SCDEC method offers a very promising exploitation foreground.
YW243 is a new wheat lines carrying multi-resistance to powdery mildew,yellow dwarf virus and three rusts.Four lines including CB031,CB032,CB034,CB035 with high yield and good disease resistance were developed by crosses between YW243 and some cultivars with elite agronomic characters.The resistance,resistance genes,grain quality,HWM-GSs and yield of these four lines were analyzed and compared with those of YW243 and the backcrossed parents.The results showed that CB031 possessed genes Pm2+6 controlling the resistance to powdery mildew and HMW-GSs of 1,7+9,2+12.CB032 possessed powdery mildew resistance genes Pm4+Pm2+6+Pm21,at lest a stripe rust resistance gene YrX on 2BL and HMW-GSs of 7+9,2+12.The resistance genes Pm21 and HMW-GSs of 7+9,5+10 were detected in CB034.CB035 possessed Pm2+6+Pm21,HMW-GSs of 7+8,2+12.CB031 showed resistance to powdery mildew.CB032 showed immunity to powdery mildew and high resistance to there rusts.CB034 showed immunity to powdery mildew and stripe rust.The agronomic characters of these new lines,including kernel characters,ear characters,plant height,yield and quality,were improved compared with those of YW243.The study suggested that the wheat line YW243 is an available resistant parent in wheat breeding program against disease as its good characters could be inherited easily,while its undesirable characters could be improved easily.
In the original article, there was a mistake in Figure 1C and Figure 6C as published. We mistakenly selected and presented the representative micro-CT figure. The corrected Figure 1C and Figure 6C appears below. The authors apologize for this error and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated.
A governing equations of the hydraulic transient process for the diversion system of hydropower plant were developed, and the combination computation of the hydraulic transient process are performed by using 1-D and 3-D model, that is, 1-D model is used for the transient calculation of the entire diversion system, and 3-D model for the surge chamber which is a key part of the diversion system. The computational results of the water level fluctuation in surge chamber by 1-D model are fit to the experimental results, and the deviations are less than 0.8%. The detail pressure contours and velocity fields in the surge chamber are simulated with the 3-D model, hence the pressure difference of the bottom board of the surge chamber can be obtained and it is important for the structure design of the surge chamber.
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