Objective: A study was designed to measure of the incidence of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (BRONJ) following tooth extraction in patients receiving or who have received intravenous bisphosphonates (Zometa, zoledronic acid).
Method and Materials: A prospective cohort study was made of 36 patients subjected to 62 tooth extractions. All these 36 patients had been treated or were receiving treatment with zoledronic acid.
Results: The incidence of BRONJ following 62 tooth extractions in patients treated with zoledronic acid 4 months after extraction was 14.5%.
Conclusion: No statistically significant associations were found with patient age, sex, hygiene index, total treatment time, surgical difficulty, or extraction site. However, the factors that significantly influenced the final presence of osteonecrosis were related to tooth extractions in the absence of periodontal disease, and if sockets remained unhealed at the month of extraction.
Background/Objectives: Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia (PVL) is the oral disorder with the greatest degree of malignant transformation. However, it is relatively rare. This study compared the clinical characteristics of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) who had and had not been previously diagnosed with PVL. Methods: This case–control study compared the clinical characteristics of patients classified as early (T1 and T2) or advanced (T3 and T4) OSCC according to the TNM classification, including age, gender, location, and clinical type of cancer. The analysis involved 140 patients. Group 1: 50 OSCC patients with PVL (OSCC-PVL) and Group 2: 90 OSCC patients without PVL (OSCC-noPVL). Results: The patients with OSCC-PVL were younger than those with OSCC-noPVL, but this did not reach statistical significance. Regarding patient gender, those with OSCC-PVL were much more frequently female (70%), while OSCC-noPVL was more prevalent in men (65.5%) (p < 0.01). There were also significant differences in the oral locations between the two groups: the gingiva was most prevalent in OSCC-PVL and the tongue in OSCC-noPVL. Erythroleukoplastic forms were significantly more common in OSCC-PVL (30% vs. 7.7%), while ulcerated forms were more frequent in OSCC-noPVL (63.3% vs. 42%). Finally, early T stages were much more prevalent in our patients with OSCC-PVL. Conclusions: We found that OSCC preceded by PVL was much more frequent in women, had less aggressive clinical forms, and had significantly more frequent early T stages than in OSCC-noPVL.
The etiology of marginal peri-implantitis describes an infectious factor and a biomechanical factor resulting from occlusal overload. Clinical and experimental articles oriented to the biomechanical factor are scarce, so as the studies about the histology associated to periimplantitis. We present a case of marginal peri-implantitis on an implant in the mandibular molar zone caused by occlusal overload, which led to an osseous defect on the marginal crest. The treatment was composed of occlusal adjustment, removal of contaminated surgical tissue, and autogenous bone graft, which varies from the common treatment of infectious peri-implantitis. Histologic analysis of peri-implantitis tissue reveals a juxtaepithelial lympho-plasmocytorious infiltrate and a central zone of dense fibro-connective tissue with scanty inflammatory cells, which differs from the chronic inflammatory tissue associated with infectious peri-implantitis. Clinical and radiographic followup control after 12 months evidenced the remission of the symptoms and bone regeneration on the marginal crest. We consider that in the treatment of marginal peri-implantitis, it is necessary to continue the studies on the histological differences between the infectious types and those that are caused by occlusal overload.
Different types of exercise might produce reductions in blood pressure (BP). One physiological mechanism that could explain the lowering adaptation effect on BP after an exercise program is an improved in baroreflex control of muscle sympathetic nerve activity. Consequently, exploring the different methods of training and their post-exercise hypotension (PEH) becomes of interest for healthcare providers. Recently, it has been suggested that blood flow restriction training (BFR) can generate PEH. The aim of this study was to determine the acute response on cardiovascular variables after low intensity resistance training with BFR in normotensive subjects. Twenty-four male (24.38±3.88 years) performed four sets of plantar flexion at 30% 1RM (1×30 + 3×15 repetitions) with 30% of maximal occlusion pressure and 60 seconds resting period. The restrictive pressure was released during the intervals between sets. BP, heart rate (HR), blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) and double product (DP) were measured in baseline, after each set of exercise and 15, 30, 45, 60 minutes and 24 hours after exercise. An immediate significant increase across the set was observed for HR values (11.5%) (p<0.05) during application the protocol. SBP and DBP values also increased during exercise although mildly (1.7% and 1%, respectively) without significant differences compared with pre-values. A post-exercise hypotension was obtained 15min post-training (SBP: -6.9%; DBP: -3%). There was no significant change in SpO2 and DP during and post-exercise with BFR. Cardiovascular responses were altered mildly during BFR-training and after the single bout. In conclusion, BFR in young normotensive humans generated post-exercise hypotension.