The cover image is based on the Original Article XELOX doublet regimen versus EOX triplet regimen as first-line treatment for advanced gastric cancer: An open-labeled, multicenter, randomized, prospective phase III trial (EXELOX) by Wei-Jian Guo et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/cac2.12278.
Background: It’s still controversial whether triplet is better than doublet regimen in first-line treatment of advanced gastric cancer (AGC). We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of new generation doublet regimen XELOX and EOX triplet regimen.Methods: EXELOX was an open-label, multicenter, randomized phase III trial that enrolled 448 previously untreated patients with AGC. Patients were randomly assigned to receive XELOX or EOX regimen. The primary endpoint was noninferiority in progression-free survival (PFS) for XELOX as compared with EOX on an intention-to-treat basis. The second endpoints included overall survival(OS), objective response rate(ORR), safety, and quality of life (QoL). This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02395640. Findings: Between Apr 10, 2015 and Aug 20,2020, 448 AGC patients were randomized to receive XELOX (n=222) or EOX (n=226). In ITT basis, the median PFS was 5.0 months (95%CI 4.5-6.0) in XELOX group and 5.5 months (95%CI 5.0-6.0) in EOX group (HR 0.989, 95%CI 0.812-1.203; Pnon-inferiority =0.0032). There was no significant difference in median OS (12.0 vs. 12.0 months, HR 1.097, p =0.384), or ORR(37.4% vs. 45.1%, p =0.291) between two groups. In patients with poor differentiated adenocarcinoma and liver metastasis, EOX arm had significant longer mOS(p=0.021) and trend of longer mPFS(p=0.073) than XELOX arm. The incidence of grade 3/4 adverse events (AEs) was 42.2% (90/213) in XELOX group and 72.5% (156/215) in EOX group (p=0.001). The Global Health/QoL score were significantly higher in XELOX group than EOX group during chemotherapy.Interpretation: This is the first noninferiority trial demonstrating that doublet is as effective as triplet regimen generally, with a better safety profile and QoL as first-line treatment for AGC patients; but triplet regimen might have effects advantage in selected subsets, providing solid evidence for guideline update and guidance for future clinical trial design.Trial Registration: This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02395640 .Funding: This study was supported by The National Key Research and Development Program of China [grant no. 2017YFC1308900]; The clinical research and cultivation project of shanghai Shenkang hospital development center [grant no. SHDC12017X01] and Sun Yat-sen University Xie Tong Chuang Xin Program [grant no. ZLYXXTCX201504].Declaration of Interest: None to declare. Ethical Approval: The trial protocol was approved by the local institutional review board and ethics committee.
During the main COVID-19 pandemic lockdown period of 2020 an impromptu set of pollination ecologists came together via social media and personal contacts to carry out standardised surveys of the flower visits and plants in their gardens. The surveys involved 67 rural, suburban and urban gardens, of various sizes, ranging from 61.18o North in Norway to 37.96o South in Australia and resulted in a data set of 25,174 rows long and comprising almost 47,000 visits to flowers, as well as records of plants that were not visited by pollinators. In this first publication from the project we present a brief description of the data and make it freely available for any researchers to use in the future, the only restriction being that they cite this paper in the first instance. As well as producing a data set that we hope will be widely used in the future, the project helped enormously with the health and mental wellbeing of the participants, a by-product of ecological field work that cannot be over-estimated.
Background: Patients with peritoneal metastasis (PM) from gastric cancer (GC) exhibit poor prognosis. Chemoimmunotherapy offers promising clinical benefits; however, its efficacy and predictive biomarkers in a conversion therapy setting remain unclear. The authors aimed to retrospectively evaluate chemoimmunotherapy efficacy in a conversion therapy setting for GC patients with PM and establish a prediction model for assessing clinical benefits. Materials and methods: A retrospective evaluation of clinical outcomes encompassed 55 GC patients with PM who underwent chemoimmunotherapy in a conversion therapy setting. Baseline PM specimens were collected for genomic and transcriptomic profiling. Clinicopathological factors, gene signatures, and tumor immune microenvironment were evaluated to identify predictive markers and develop a prediction model. Results: Chemoimmunotherapy achieved a 41.8% objective response rate and 72.4% R0 resection rate in GC patients with PM. Patients with conversion surgery showed better overall survival (OS) than those without the surgery (median OS: not reached vs 7.82 m, P <0.0001). Responders to chemoimmunotherapy showed higher ERBB2 and ERBB3 mutation frequencies, CTLA4 and HLA-DQB1 expression, and CD8+ T cell infiltration, but lower CDH1 mutation and naïve CD4+ T cell infiltration, compared to nonresponders. A prediction model was established integrating CDH1 and ERBB3 mutations, HLA-DQB1 expression, and naïve CD4+ T cell infiltration (AUC=0.918), which were further tested using an independent external cohort (AUC=0.785). Conclusion: This exploratory study comprehensively evaluated clinicopathological, genomic, and immune features and developed a novel prediction model, providing a rational basis for the selection of GC patients with PM for chemoimmunotherapy-involved conversion therapy.
Abstract Background: Patients with peritoneal metastasis (PM) from gastric cancer (GC) exhibit poor prognosis. Chemoimmunotherapy offers promising clinical benefits; however, its efficacy and predictive biomarkers in a conversion therapy setting remain unclear. We aimed to retrospectively evaluate chemoimmunotherapy efficacy in a conversion therapy setting for GC patients with PM and establish a prediction model for assessing clinical benefits. Methods: A retrospective evaluation of clinical outcomes encompassed 55 GC patients with PM who underwent chemoimmunotherapy in a conversion therapy setting. Baseline PM specimens were collected for genomic and transcriptomic profiling. Clinicopathological factors, gene signatures, and tumor immune microenvironment were evaluated to identify predictive markers and develop a prediction model. Results: Chemoimmunotherapy achieved a 41.8% objective response rate and 72.4% R0 resection rate in GC patients with PM. Patients with conversion surgery showed better overall survival (OS) than those without the surgery (median OS: not reached vs 7.82m, P<0.0001). Responders to chemoimmunotherapy showed higher ERBB2 and ERBB3 mutation frequencies, CTLA4 and HLA-DQB1 expression, and CD8+ T cell infiltration, but lower CDH1 mutation and naïve CD4+ T cell infiltration, compared to non-responders. A prediction model was established integrating CDH1 and ERBB3 mutations, HLA-DQB1 expression, and naïve CD4+ T cell infiltration (AUC=0.918, 95%CI: 0.846-0.991), which were validated using an independent external cohort (AUC=0.785, 95%CI: 0.637-0.933). Conclusion: Our study comprehensively evaluated clinicopathological, genomic, and immune features and developed a novel prediction model, providing a rational basis for the selection of GC patients with PM for chemoimmunotherapy-involved conversion therapy. Citation Format: Pengfei Yu, Guangyu Ding, Xingmao Huang, Chenxuan Wang, Jingquan Fang, Ling Huang, Zeyao Ye, Qi Xu, Xiaoying Wu, Junrong Yan, Qiuxiang Ou, Haimeng Tang, Yian Du, Xiangdong Cheng. Genomic and immune microenvironment features influencing chemoimmunotherapy response in gastric cancer with peritoneal metastasis: A retrospective cohort study [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 2528.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the chemopreventive effect and mechanisms of epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate (EGCG) and folic acid on N‐methyl‐N′‐nitro‐N‐nitrosoguanidine (MNNG)‐induced gastrointestinal cancer in rats, and to investigate and compare the combinatorial effects of EGCG and folic acid on the chemoprevention of gastrointestinal carcinogenesis. METHODS: A total of 159 healthy male Wistar rats were randomly divided into seven groups to have the MNNG in drink (group M), MNNG in drink and EGCG in the feed (group ME), MNNG in drink and folic acid in the feed (group MF), MNNG in drink and EGCG + folic acid in the feed (group MEF), EGCG in the feed (group E), folic acid in the feed (group F) or normal feed (group C), respectively. At 44 weeks, all the rats were killed and assessed for the presence of gastrointestinal tumor. The occurrence of cancer was evaluated by histology. Ki‐67 in cancerous tissues and in situ apoptosis were determined by immunohistochemical staining or terminal deoxyribonucleotide transferase‐mediated nick‐end labeling (TUNEL) assay, respectively. RESULTS: The experiment was completed in 157 rats (98.74%). As compared with group M, the tumor incidence of group MEF decreased significantly ( P = 0.011). Ki‐67 expression in cancerous tissues of group ME and MEF also decreased significantly ( P = 0.038, P = 0.009), while apoptosis of group ME, MF and MEF increased significantly ( P = 0.000, P = 0.003, P = 0.000). CONCLUSION: EGCG combined with folic acid has an obvious chemopreventive effect on gastrointestinal carcinogenesis induced by MNNG in rats.
12 cases of multiple primary carcinomas of the lung out of 745 patients with lung cancers operated, confirmed by pathologic examination, are reported, the incidence being 1.6%. The pathologic associations of lesions are squamous carcinoma and squamous carcinoma in 4 cases, squamous carcinoma and small-cell carcinoma in 3, squamous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma in 1, undifferentiated carcinoma and giant-cell carcinoma in 1, bronchiolo-alveolar carcinoma and bronchiolo-alveolar carcinoma in 1 and adenocarcinoma and adenocarcinoma in another. In 1 casc. The threefold primary carcinomas are all adenocarcinoma the cause of the increase in incidence, clinical characters, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and surgical treetment are discussed.
… (ECL) systems require highly robust organic emitters in the radical form.In their Research Article (e202301109), Keishiro Tahara, Masaaki Abe, and co-workers used the classical Lewis acid B(C 6 F 5 ) 3 as an electrochemical protector of donoracceptor emitters, leading to the discovery of Lewis-pairing-induced ECL enhancement.The Lewis acid also converted the molecular arrangements of the emitters, playing a unique role in crystalline-film ECL. ElectrocatalysisIn their Research Article (e202300226), Miao Zhong and co-workers developed an electrode-structureengineering strategy to achieve efficient, selective, and stable CO 2 reduction with high CO 2 utilization. Drug DeliveryIn their Communication (e202301566), Weiwei Gao, Liangfang Zhang et al. report a nanodisc formulation made with natural human red blood cell membrane and demonstrate its robust application for bacterial toxin neutralization.
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