In this paper, a mechanism using drain-floated new MOS capacitor (NCAP) is proposed to improve the erase efficiency for the single poly embedded Flash memory. By floating the source/drain junctions of PMOS and new NCAP, we observe significant increase of the gate current in negative polarity, as the generated holes cannot diffuse out but accumulated in the channel region. This feature can be used to improve the erase efficiency. However, the unstable recovery time from deep depletion makes it not practical for the single poly Flash memory. To eliminate the recovery time, a mechanism combining the new NCAP with NMOS transistor in deep n-well is proposed, which makes the drain electrode of the new NCAP biased/floated automatically. The erase efficiency can be increased up to 6 ~ 8 times as much as what it was, and the operation voltage can be lowered by about 0.6 V. Furthermore, the proposed mechanism brings only minor area overhead as each row may share one NMOS transistor in the cell array.
A surface-potential-based model is developed for the symmetric long-channel junctionless double-gate MOSFET. The relationships between surface potential and gate voltage are derived from some effective approximations to Poisson's equation for deep depletion, partial depletion, and accumulation conditions. Then, the Pao–Sah integral is carried out to obtain the drain current. It is shown that the model is in good agreement with numerical simulations from subthreshold to saturation region. Finally, we discuss the strengths and limitations (i.e., threshold voltage shifts) of the JLFET, which has been recently proposed as a promising candidate for the JFET.
The speed of pedestrian is an important factor in behavior analysis of pedestrian. Speed calculation of pedestrian can be equivalent to the analysis of the motion trails of object. It can be analyzed in two parts. The first part is the coordinate transformation between the world coordinate system and the image coordinate system which is accomplished by "Distance-to-Pixel" mapping table. The second part is the compute of real motion distance. In this paper, the mapping table is achieved by calibrating camera using DLT (Direct Linear Transformation) method. After that, the motion trajectory in 3D space can be obtained by transforming the motion trajectory in image and be divided into several parts so that every part is approximately linear. The estimated final speed is the mean value of the speeds in every linear part. Experimental results have demonstrated that the mapping table can measure distances within 2%. Our process works in real time and produces speed with over 95% accuracy.
A multitime programmable memory cell with improved MOS capacitor is proposed in this paper. The improved MOS capacitor has p-type junction near the channel, which prevents the capacitor from deep depletion, and this helps to improve the cell's program/erase efficiency and stability. A test chip is fabricated using a 0.13-μm standard CMOS process without any extra masks or process modification. The experimental results show that the proposed cell achieves much faster and more stable program/erase speed than do the cells using the conventional MOS capacitor. Furthermore, endurance characteristics of up to 10-k cycles and data retention at 250 °C are presented, and the results indicate that the improved MOS capacitor does not affect the cell's reliability.
Self-pulsing and dual-mode lasing in a square microcavity semiconductor laser are studied experimentally. Self-sustained pulses originating from undamped relaxation oscillation induced by a two-mode interaction are obtained, as the injection current is slightly above the laser threshold. A repetition frequency of 4.4 GHz and a pulse width of 30-40 ps are obtained at a current of 8 mA. The laser switches to continuous-wave operation when the injection current is higher than a certain value, and dual-mode lasing with 30.7 GHz at 16 mA and 10.7 GHz at 27 mA are observed in the lasing spectra. Furthermore, the relative intensity noise spectra are presented to reveal the relationship between the lasing states and the dynamics induced by relaxation oscillation and mode beating.
Large-scale e-commercial platforms in the real-world usually contain various recommendation scenarios (domains) to meet demands of diverse customer groups. Multi-Domain Recommendation (MDR), which aims to jointly improve recommendations on all domains and easily scales to thousands of domains, has attracted increasing attention from practitioners and researchers. Existing MDR methods usually employ a shared structure and several specific components to respectively leverage reusable features and domain-specific information. However, data distribution differs across domains, making it challenging to develop a general model that can be applied to all circumstances. Additionally, during training, shared parameters often suffer from the domain conflict while specific parameters are inclined to overfitting on data sparsity domains. we first present a scalable MDR platform served in Taobao that enables to provide services for thousands of domains without specialists involved. To address the problems of MDR methods, we propose a novel model agnostic learning framework, namely MAMDR, for the multi-domain recommendation. Specifically, we first propose a Domain Negotiation (DN) strategy to alleviate the conflict between domains. Then, we develop a Domain Regularization (DR) to improve the generalizability of specific parameters by learning from other domains. We integrate these components into a unified framework and present MAMDR, which can be applied to any model structure to perform multi-domain recommendation. Finally, we present a large-scale implementation of MAMDR in the Taobao application and construct various public MDR benchmark datasets which can be used for following studies. Extensive experiments on both benchmark datasets and industry datasets demonstrate the effectiveness and generalizability of MAMDR.
Self-chaotic dual-mode and tri-mode microcavity lasers have been recently proposed and demonstrated for high-speed random number generation. Here, we report the characteristics of irregular pulse packages and self-chaos operation for a dual-mode circular-sided square microcavity laser. In addition to the mode interaction between the fundamental and first-order transverse modes, we observed irregular pulse packages due to the mode beating of near-degenerate modes for the first time to our best knowledge. Moreover, a successive route from periodic-one and periodic-three states to chaos is first experimentally illustrated by increasing injection current. The chaotic state is observed over a current range of 10 mA, and the maximum chaos effective bandwidth of 22.4 GHz is realized with a flatness of ±4 dB . Chaotic characteristics are also investigated for different longitudinal modes, which indicates that the self-chaotic microlaser can provide robust parallel chaotic outputs for practical application.
While the GRACE (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment) satellite mission is of great significance in understanding various branches of Earth sciences, the quality of GRACE monthly products can be unsatisfactory due to strong longitudinal stripe-pattern errors and other flaws. Based on corrected GRACE Mascon (mass concentration) gridded mass transport time series and updated LDCgam (Least Differential Combination global angular momenta) data, we present a new set of monthly gravity models called LDCmgm90, in the form of Stokes coefficients with order and degree both up to 90. The LDCgam inputs are developed by assimilating degree-2 Stokes coefficients from various versions of GRACE (including Mascon products) and SLR (Satellite Laser Ranging) monthly gravity data into combinations of outputs from various global atmospheric, oceanic, and hydrological circulation models, under the constraints of accurately measured Earth orientation parameters in the Least Differential Combination (LDC) scheme. Taking advantages of the relative strengths of the various input solutions, the LDCmgm90 is free of stripes and some other flaws of classical GRACE products.
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