The choice of animal models for toxicity testing is usually based on convenience rather than validity for application in human beings. Attention must be paid to the similarities of the test system with those of humans so that extrapolations can be made with some margin of safety. Miniature swine offer many advantages in terms of being phylogenetically closer to humans and having many physiological similarities. The neonatal piglet is an excellent model for studies of perinatal toxicology and pediatrics because of its physiological resemblance to the human infant. The size of mature miniature swine, short reproductive cycle, ease of breeding, high prolificacy, large litter size, diversity of gene pool, early maturity, and adaptability to the experimental situation are advantages that do not exist in other species. All in all, the miniature swine is as yet an unappreciated and underutilized species for experimental purposes.
Due to the prevailing existence of the COVID-19 pandemic, novel and practical strategies to combat pathogens are on the rise worldwide. It is estimated that, globally, around 10% of hospital patients will acquire at least one healthcare-associated infection. One of the novel strategies that has been developed is incorporating metallic particles into polymeric materials that neutralize infectious agents. Considering the broad-spectrum antimicrobial potency of some materials, the incorporation of metallic particles into the intended hybrid composite material could inherently add significant value to the final product. Therefore, this research aimed to investigate an antimicrobial polymeric PLA-based composite material enhanced with different microparticles (copper, aluminum, stainless steel, and bronze) for the antimicrobial properties of the hybrid composite. The prepared composite material samples produced with fused filament fabrication (FFF) 3D printing technology were tested for different time intervals to establish their antimicrobial activities. The results presented here depict that the sample prepared with 90% copper and 10% PLA showed the best antibacterial activity (99.5%) after just 20 min against different types of bacteria as compared to the other samples. The metallic-enriched PLA-based antibacterial sheets were remarkably effective against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli; therefore, they can be a good candidate for future biomedical, food packaging, tissue engineering, prosthetic material, textile industry, and other science and technology applications. Thus, antimicrobial sheets made from PLA mixed with metallic particles offer sustainable solutions for a wide range of applications where touching surfaces is a big concern.
The aim of this experimental investigation is to assess the antibacterial resistance of a biodegradable Polylactic acid (PLA) based composite material enriched with non-copper metallic particles, notably Stainless Steel, and Aluminum as alternatives to copper. The composite materials were processed using additive manufacturing technology using commercial fused deposition modeling printers to produce samples for antibacterial testing. The antibacterial materials were assessed according to international standards to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy at different time intervals. It has been disclosed that the biodegradable PLA composite enhanced with Stainless Steel or Aluminum demonstrated an excellent resistance against distinct kinds of bacteria through the observed significant reduction in the bacteria levels.
This study was carried out to judge the effect of carbohydrate (chitosan, alginate and starch) and protein based (soya and whey) edible coatings on shelf life of cherries. During the study cherries were coated with 1, 2 and 3% of chitosan, alginate, starch, soya and whey protein coatings and the coated cherries were stored at room temperature up to 12 day and examined for different quality indices at interval of three days. All coatings extended keeping quality of cherries except starch. However, 3% chitosan showed best result with significant preservation of all quality parameters.
'/%3e%3cpath fill='%23fff' d='m8.751-17.959 10.11 11.373L3.997-9.844l13.94-6.1-7.692 13.129z'/%3e%3c/svg%3e)
'%3e%3ccircle r='20' fill='%23008'/%3e%3ccircle r='17.5' fill='%23fff'/%3e%3ccircle r='3.5' fill='%23008'/%3e%3cg id='d'%3e%3cg id='c'%3e%3cg id='b'%3e%3cg id='a' fill='%23008'%3e%3ccircle r='.875' transform='rotate(7.5 -8.75 133.5)'/%3e%3cpath d='M0 17.5.6 7 0 2l-.6 5L0 17.5z'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(15)'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23b' transform='rotate(30)'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23c' transform='rotate(60)'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23d' transform='rotate(120)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23d' transform='rotate(-120)'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3c/svg%3e)