Objective
To explore the influence of the body mass index (BMI) on pregnancy outcomes of women underwent artificial insemination by husband (AIH) .
Methods
A total of 3 243 cases of barren women underwent AIH in Reproductive Medical Center of Northern Jiangsu People′s Hospital from June 2009 to December 2016, were chosen as study subjects. Four kinds of patients with same endometrial preparation scheme and same age group were all divided into following 3 groups according to BMI value, respectively, including normal body weight group (BMI of 18.5-22.9 kg/m2), overweight group (BMI of 23.0-24.9 kg/m2) and obesity group (BMI≥25.0 kg/m2). More details were as follows. ① For women with natural cycles and age≤35 years old, there were 1 366 cases, 347 cases and 233 cases in 3 groups, respectively. ② For women with natural cycles and age>35 years old, there were 155 cases, 71 cases and 36 cases in 3 groups, respectively. ③ For women with induced ovulation cycles and age≤35 years old, there were 529 cases, 208 cases and 191 cases in 3 groups, respectively. ④ For women with induced ovulation cycles and age>35 years old, there were 59 cases, 32 cases and 16 cases in 3 groups, respectively. Case informations of all subjects were analyzed retrospectively. Compared the general clinical data and pregnancy outcomes among 3 groups of women in 4 identical conditions, respectively, to evaluate the influence of BMI of barren women on outcomes of AIH treatments. Chi-square test was used to compare the clinical pregnancy rate and spontaneous miscarriage rate among 3 groups.
Results
① In accordance with the order of normal body weight group, overweight group and obesity group: for women with natural cycles and age≤35 years old, the clinical pregnancy rates of 3 groups were 14.6%, 10.1% and 10.7%, respectively; the spontaneous miscarriage rates were 25.0%, 22.9% and 32.0%, respectively. For women with natural cycles and age>35 years old, the clinical pregnancy rates of 3 groups were 14.2%, 9.9% and 8.3%, respectively; the spontaneous miscarriage rates were 31.8%, 42.9% and 33.3%, respectively. For women with induced ovulation cycles and age≤35 years old, the clinical pregnancy rates were 17.0%, 13.0% and 10.0%, respectively; the spontaneous miscarriage rates were 23.3%, 29.6% and 36.8%, respectively. For women with induced ovulation cycles and age>35 years old, the clinical pregnancy rates were 15.3%, 9.4% and 6.3%, respectively; the spontaneous miscarriage rates were 44.4%, 33.3% and 100.0%, respectively. ② The comparison results of clinical pregnancy rates and spontaneous miscarriage rates among 3 groups of subjects under the same 4 conditions showed that: the clinical pregnancy rates of women with natural cycles and age≤35 years old in normal body weight group were higher than those of overweight group and obesity group, and the differences were statistically significant (χ2=4.850, P=0.028; χ2=11.859, P=0.001). The clinical pregnancy rate of women with induced ovulation cycles and age>35 years old in normal body weight group was higher than that of obesity group, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=5.453, P=0.020). There were no significant differences among 3 groups of women under other conditions in clinical pregnancy rates and spontaneous miscarriage rates (P>0.05).
Conclusions
For barren women with the age≤35 years old and AIH treatment, no matter using natural cycles or induced ovulation cycles for endometrial preparation, the higher BMI value may decrease clinical pregnancy rate, but no effect on spontaneous miscarriage rate. For women with the age>35 years old, BMI value may have no effect on pregnancy outcomes.
Key words:
Insemination, artificial, homologous; Body mass index; Pregnancy outcome; Pregnancy rate; Female
In recent years, X-ray phase-contrast imaging techniques have been extensively studied to visualize weakly absorbing objects. One of the most popular methods for phase-contrast imaging is in-line phase-contrast imaging (ILPCI). Combined with computed tomography (CT), phase-contrast CT can produce 3D volumetric images of samples. To date, the most common reconstruction method for phase-contrast X-ray CT imaging has been filtered back projection (FBP). However, because of the impact of respiration, lung slices cannot be reconstructed in vivo for a mouse using this method. Methods for reducing the radiation dose and the sampling time must also be considered.This paper proposes a novel method of in vivo mouse lung in-line phase-contrast imaging that has two primary improvements compared with recent methods: 1) using a compressed sensing (CS) theory-based CT reconstruction method for the in vivo in-line phase-contrast imaging application and 2) using the breathing phase extraction method to address the lung and rib cage movement caused by a live mouse's breathing.Experiments were performed to test the breathing phase extraction method as applied to the lung and rib cage movement of a live mouse. Results with a live mouse specimen demonstrate that our method can reconstruct images of in vivo mouse lung.The results demonstrate that our method could deal with vivo mouse's breathing and movements, meanwhile, using less sampling data than FBP while maintaining the same high quality.
Abstract Retroperitoneal abdominal pregnancy is exceptionally rare. An unusual retroperitoneal pregnancy has a high risk of severe bleeding. Abdominal ultrasonography and whole abdominal computerized tomography scanning should be performed for the early diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy. A case of retroperitoneal ectopic pregnancy located very close to large retroperitoneal blood vessels and treated with resection is presented. Many unusual features of retroperitoneal ectopic pregnancy were highlighted as providing further evidence in support of the main proposed embryo migration mechanism via lymphatic vessels.
Objective
To compare the clinical pregnancy outcomes of two kinds of endometrial preparation protocols in frozen-thawed embryos transfer (FET).
Methods
Chose 947 FET cycle as the research subjects in Reproductive Medicine Center of Northern Jiangsu People′s Hospital from June 2010 to June 2015. The 501 FET cycles which took endometrial preparation protocol of natural cycles were included in the natural cycle group, and the 446 FET cycles which took endometrial preparation protocol of artificial cycle were included in the artificial cycle group. The clinical medical records of two groups were retrospectively analyzed. The general clinical data, clinical pregnancy outcomes and differences of clinical pregnancy rates of different age subjects between subjects of two groups of FET cycles were compared statistically.
Results
①There were no significant differences between two groups of FET cycles in general clinical data, including age, duration of infertility, endometrial thickness on transplantation day, basal estrogen and progesterone concentrations, basal follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels, and the number of transplantation embryos (P>0.05). ②There were no significant differences between two groups of FET cycles in clinical pregnancy outcomes, including embryo implantation rate, clinical pregnancy rate, ectopic pregnancy rate, miscarriage rate and live birth rate (P>0.05); ③There were no significant differences between two groups of FET cycles in the clinical pregnancy rates in age of ≤30 and >30-35 years old women, however, the clinical pregnancy rate in age of >35-40 years old women of natural cycle group was higher than that of artificial cycle group, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=5.011, P=0.025).
Conclusions
Natural cycle and artificial cycle of endometrial preparation protocols have no obvious different effects on pregnancy outcomes of FET. But for age >35-40 years old women, natural cycle may be superior to artificial cycle for FET.
Key words:
Cryopreservation; Embryo transfer; Menstrual cycle; Pregnancy outcomes; Female
Objective To evaluate the efficacy of multiple chemotherapy regimens for T cell nonHodgkin lymphoma.Methods 40 cases of T cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma were treated with three different regimens.15 cases were treated with CHOP regimen;18 cases with CTOP regimen;7 cases with CTOPL regimen;and 6 cases in skin T cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma were treated with Interferon.Results In the CHOP group 10 cases(66.7 %)achieved complete remission(CR),2 cases(13.3 %)PR,and 3 cases(20.0 %)PD.In the CTOP group 13 cases(72.2 %)achieved CR,3 cases(16.7 %)PR,one case(5.6 %)PD,and one case(5.6 %)died at the early stage.In the CTOPL group 5 cases(71.4 %)achieved CR,and 2 cases (28.6 %)PR.Three group were compared with each other,respectively,and there was no statistical difference (P ＞0.05).In the Interferon group all patients achieved CR.In the CHOP group 2 patients of skin lymphoma achieved the long term survival,but in the CTOP and CTOPL groups of 7 patients survived long term.Conclusion CTOP and CTOPL regimen may be more effective for treatment of T cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma with better long term survival rate,but further investigation to overcome the drug resistance in T cell nonHodgkin iymphoma needs to be carried out.
Key words:
T-lymphocytes; Lymphoma,non-Hodgkin; Drug therapy,combination
Nitrosamines such as N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) are commonly detected by spectrophotometry after photolysis and Griess reaction (PG) in food industries for lower cost. Results of this research indicate that NDEA decays rapidly under UV irradiation, and concentrations of the generated NO2- and NO3- ions vary with photolysis conditions. Thus, the measurement of the PG method may be inconsistent because it is based on the amount of photoproduced NO2-. In addition, more errors may be present in the PG method since NO3- cannot be measured colorimetrically using Griess reagent. In this work, the sum of the concentrations of photoproduced NO2- and NO3- was found to be equivalent to the initial NDEA before photolysis, and a photolysis-ion chromatography method was validated, which may serve as a feasible and accurate method to determine nitrosamines.
Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of tiotropium bromide powder inhalation in treating patients with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(AECOPD).Methods Fourty-six patients with AECOPD were equally randomized into two groups of A(conventional therapy plus tiotropium powder inhalation of 18μg per day)and B(conventional therapy plus salmeterol and fluticasone propionate powder inhaler treatment for 2months).The trearment of both groups lasted for 2 months.The pulmonary functions,arterial blood gases,6-min walking distance,quality of life and adverse reactions were compared.Results Compared to before,the pulmonary functions,arterial blood gases,6-min walking distance,quality of life after treatment were significantly improved(P0.05),which were improved more in group A than those in group B(P0.05).There were no severe adverse reactions in two groups.Conclusion On the basis of conventional therapy,tiotropium powder inhalation is better than salmeterol and fluticasone propionate powder inhaler in the bronchiectasis,improvements of respiratory function and quality of life in patients with AECOPD.
Abstract Variants of SARS‐CoV‐2 continue to emerge, posing great challenges in outbreak prevention and control. It is important to understand in advance the impact of possible variants of concern (VOCs) on infectivity and antigenicity. Here, we constructed one or more of the 15 high‐frequency naturally occurring amino acid changes in the receptor‐binding domain (RBD) of Alpha, Beta, and Gamma variants. A single mutant of A520S, V367F, and S494P in the above three VOCs enhanced infectivity in ACE2‐overexpressing 293T cells of different species, LLC‐MK2 and Vero cells. Aggregation of multiple RBD mutations significantly reduces the infectivity of the possible three VOCs. Regarding neutralization, it is noteworthy that E484K, N501Y, K417N, and N439K predispose to monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) protection failure in the 15 high‐frequency mutations. Most importantly, almost all possible VOCs (single RBD mutation or aggregation of multiple mutations) showed no more than a fourfold decrease in neutralizing activity with convalescent sera, vaccine sera, and immune sera of guinea pigs with different immunogens, and no significant antigenic drift was formed. In conclusion, our pseudovirus results could reduce the concern that the aggregation of multiple high‐frequency mutations in the RBD of the spike protein of the three VOCs would lead to severe antigenic drift, and this would provide value for vaccine development strategies.
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