Objective: To observe the effect of acupuncture on local skin tissue metabolites of Tianshu (ST25) in rats with Crohn's disease (CD) using metabolomics and to explore the mechanism of acupuncture treatment metabolites and pathway on local skin tissue of Tianshu (ST25). Materials and Methods: Thirty-eight Sprague − Dawley rats were randomly assigned to a normal group ( n = 14) and a CD modeling group ( n = 24). Rats in the CD modeling group were administered with 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid and ethanol enema, in addition to the normal group. Four normal rats and four CD modeling rats were selected at random after model identification was established. Furthermore, CD modeling group rats were randomly assigned to two groups of 10 rats: the model group and acupuncture group. Rats in the acupuncture group underwent acupuncture of Tianshu (ST25) and Shangjuxu (ST37) for 7 days. After the intervention, the colon tissue was collected from each group of rats and the pathological changes were observed through hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. The local skin tissues at Tianshu (ST25) of the rats in each group were taken, and the proton nuclear magnetic resonance technique was used to detect the metabonomics of the local skin tissues of Tianshu (ST25) in rats. Results: Compared with the normal group, the following were observed in the model group after HE staining: irregular colon morphology and other pathological changes such as intestinal mucosal hyperemia, edema, ulcers, polyps, and inflammatory cell infiltration. In the acupuncture group, colon tissue structure was relatively complete and layered, the colon gland structure was restored, and inflammatory cell infiltration was significantly improved. The choline, glycerin, glycine, guanidoacetic acid, and proline levels were significantly higher in the model group than in the normal group ( P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, the acupuncture group had significantly increased contents of alanine, leucine, L-phenylalanine, and tyrosine in the skin ( P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Valine, leucine, and L-isoleucine biosynthesis and L-phenylalanine metabolism were the main metabolic pathways involved in the changes in the local skin tissues of the rats in each group, biosynthesis of tyrosine, and tryptophan. Conclusion: The change in the metabolites in the local area of Tianshu (ST25) may be related to intestinal disease. The acupuncture of Tianshu (ST25) can improve intestinal inflammatory reaction in rats with CD, and this finding may be related to the regulation of amino acid metabolites and their pathways in the local acupoint tissues of Tianshu (ST25) by acupuncture.
The effect of acupuncture at the acupoints of 12 meridians on gastrointestinal and cardiac electricity in healthy adults was studied. Specific regulation between meridian points and viscera was also investigated. An electrogastrogram (EGG), electrointestinogram (EIG), carotid pulse graph, phonocardiogram and electrocardiogram were obtained in 30 healthy adults before and after acupuncture at various acupoints of 12 meridians. The effects of acupuncture on the amplitude and frequency of the EGG, EIG, pre-ejection period and the left ventricular ejection time were then analyzed. Acupuncture revealed that LR3 decreased the amplitude of the EGG while LI11 (Quchi), SJ5 (Waiguan), ST36 (Zusanli), SP9 (Yinlingquan) and SI6 (Yanglao) increased the amplitude. Multiple comparisons among the latter five acupoints indicated that there were significant differences between SP9, LI11, SJ5 and ST36 (p < 0.01, p < 0.01, p < 0.05) and SI6, LI11 and SJ5 (p < 0.01, p < 0.05). SP9 effected EGG amplitude the most, followed by SI6, ST36, SJ5 and LI11. Four acupoints increased the amplitude of the EIG (p < 0.05), including HT5 (Tongli), GB34 (Yanglingquan), SP9 and SI6. No significant differences were observed between these acupoints, but SI6 showed the most obvious effect on EIG amplitude, followed by GB34, SP9 and HT5. No significant effects on the frequency of the gastrointestinal slow wave or on cardiac function indexes were observed. Effects were observed, however, on pre-ejection period and left ventricular ejection time. Routine acupuncture had no detrimental effects on the stomach, intestine and heart in healthy adults, but instead regulated physiological function within a normal range. These findings demonstrate the existence of specific connections between the meridian points and the viscera. The results suggest that multiple meridians control the same viscus, and the same meridian can regulate the functions of multiple viscera.
Gastric mucosal lesion (GML) is the initiating pathological process in many refractory gastric diseases. And moxibustion is an increasingly popular alternative therapy that prevents and treats diseases. However, there are few published reports about developing pathology of GML and therapeutic mechanism of moxibustion treatment on GML. In this study, we investigated pathology of GML and therapeutic mechanism of moxibustion treatment on GML.The male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were induced by intragastric administration of 75% ethanol after fasting for 24 h and treated by moxibustion at Zusanli (ST36) and Liangmen (ST21) for 1 day, 4 days or 7 days. Then we applied 1H NMR-based metabolomics to dynamic analysis of metabolic profiles in biological samples (stomach, cerebral cortex and medulla). And the conventional histopathological examinations as well as metabolic pathways assays were also performed.Moxibustion intervention showed a beneficial effect on GML by modulating comprehensive metabolic alterations caused by GML, including energy metabolism, membrane metabolism, cellular active and neurotransmitters function.Moxibustion can effectively treat gastric mucosal damage and effectively regulate the concentration of some related differential metabolites to maintain the stability of the metabolic pathway.
A continuous detection was conducted from 25 th November to 9th December, 2013 in Chongqing urban area using ALS-3000 polarization Mie scattering lidar. Air diffusion condition as well as the time and space distribution of atmospheric particulates were analyzed. It indicated that weak solar radiation, bad diffusion condition and stable atmospheric stratification together led to continuous accumulation of particulates and persistent deterioration of visibility. During pollution period, the height of planetary boundary layer was low, ranging from 150 m to 400m and no obvious variations were found; pollution zone ranged from 0m to 400 m.
Background: We aimed to retrospectively analyze the level of appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) in adult males and its influencing factors for early screening and intervention of sarcopenia.
Methods: From January 2020 to December 2021, adult male medical examiners from the Health Management Center of the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Chengdu City, China were selected as the research subjects. The ASMI level was measured by bioelectrical impedance (BIA) method. The subjects were divided into four groups according to the quartiles of ASMI level, the levels of related indicators between the groups were compared, and the related factors affecting the ASMI level were analyzed.
Results: The detection rate of sarcopenia was about 1.09% (78/7187). One-way ANOVA or nonparametric test results showed that age, BMI, WHR, SBP, DBP, FPG, HbA1c, AST, ALT, GGT, Cr, UA, TG, TC, HDL-C, LDL-C and FT3 levels were significantly different among the four ASMI groups (P<0.05). ASMI was positively correlated with BMI, WHR, SBP, DBP, FPG, HbA1c, AST, ALT, GGT, Cr, UA, TG, TC, LDL-C, FT3, and TSH (all P<0.05); negatively correlated with age and HDL-C (all P<0.05). Age, WHR and TG were independent risk factors for ASMI level, and BMI was an independent protective factor for ASMI level.
Conclusion: The ASMI level in healthy adult males is related to age, obesity, blood pressure, glucose and lipid metabolism disorder, inflammation and thyroid hormone, among which age, BMI, WHR and TG are independent influencing factors of ASMI level.
Abstract The physiologically important relationship between oxygen saturation and blood flow is not entirely understood, particularly with regard to the multiple velocity components of flow and temperature. While our previous studies used classic laser Doppler flowmetry combined with an enhanced perfusion probe to assess local blood flow following thermal stimulation, oxygen saturation signals were not assessed. Thus, the current study used multiscale entropy (MSE) and multiscale fuzzy entropy (MFE) to measure the complexity of oxygen saturation signals following thermal stimulation in healthy subjects. The results indicate that thermal stimulation increases oxygen saturation and affects the measured signal complexity in a temperature-dependent fashion. Furthermore, stimulus temperature not only affects the correlation between speed-resolved blood perfusion and oxygen saturation, but also the correlation between the complexity area indices (CAI) of the two signals. These results reflect the complexity of local regulation and adaptation processes in response to stimuli at different temperatures.
Objective Through observing the clinical effect and the changes of gastrointestinal hormones caused by the treatment of different moxibustion time of the superficial gastritis patients due to the spleen and stomach weakness,to investigate the regulation of the dose-effect relation and the adjustment function on gastrointestinal hormone of serum of patients caused by the warming and nourish effect with moxibustion.Methods Eighty-four superficial gastritis Patients due to the spleen and stomach weakness were divided into group 1(treated by warming moxibustion for twenty minutes)(n=28),group 2(treated by warming moxibustion for forty minutes)(n=28),and drug(n=28)groups.The changes of the content of the Prostaglandin E2(PGE2)、Somatostatin(SS)and Epidermal growth factor(EGF)were observed before and after treatment between 3 groups and the clinical effect in different time.Results ①All 3 groups were compared after treatment,their clinical effect had no significant difference(P＞0.05):②Compared with pre-treatment,the superficial gastritis symptom score had a very significant difference after the treatment(3.07±1.54)、(3.11±1.40)、(3.79±2.25)and during the 1 month follow-up(2.25±1.32)、(2.57±1.10)、(4.11±2.48),(P＜0.01);③After treatment,the content of the PGE2 of the serum was increased obviously,compared with pre-treatment.There was a significant difference in each group(33.751±1.267)pg/ml、(33.774±8.583)pg/ml、(32.583±8.259)pg/ml,(P＜0.05);After warming moxibustion for forty minutes,the content of the EGF of the serum was increased obviously,compared with pre-treatment,showing a significant difference(1.331±0.823)pg/ml,(P＜0.05).Conclusion ①All of the three treatment methods had significant curative effect,and the curative effect had no significant difference among these 3 groups.But the moxibustion groups were markedly higher than the drug group in long-term result;②The moxibustion had established adjustment function on gastrointestinal hormone of the superficial gastritis patients due to the spleen and stomach weakness,which suggested that the gastrointestinal hormone may participate in its onset and the process of pathology and physiology.
Key words:
Warming moxibustion; Superficial gastritis; Weakness of the spleen and stomach; Gastrointestinal hormone
Abstract Objective Nasal-type natural killer/T-cell lymphoma of Waldeyer’s ring (WR-NK/TL) has different clinicopathological characteristics from those of other subtypes of NK/T lymphoma; thus, the optimal treatment remains unclear. To find a more effective treatment model for WR-NK/TL, we conducted a single-center study of concurrent radiochemotherapy. Methods Forty-five patients with newly diagnosed stage IE to IIE WR-NKTL were randomly divided into two groups. The 23 cases in the concurrent radiochemotherapy group were treated with three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (48-52 Gy) and 2 courses of DICE (dexamethasone, ifosfamide, cisplatin, and etoposide) synchronous chemotherapy. The 22 cases in the radiotherapy group only received three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (50-54 Gy). The primary end points were overall survival (OS), progressionfree survival (PFS), and toxicity. Results The 1-, 3-, and 4-year OS and PFS rates were 95.5%, 65.6%, and 45.9%, and 86.4%, 56.0%, and 46.7% in the radiotherapy group, and 100%, 88.5%, and 88.5%, and 100%, 82.0%, and 73.8% in the concurrent radiochemotherapy group, respectively. The OS ( P = 0.0477) and PFS rates ( P = 0.0488) were higher in the concurrent radiochemotherapy group than in the radiotherapy group. The overall response rate was 100% in both the radiotherapy group [complete response (CR), 18 cases] and concurrent radiochemotherapy group (CR, 22 cases). The concurrent radiochemotherapy group had more severe side effects, especially grade 3 + 4 events, such as leukopenia, anorexia, and stomatitis. However, side effects benefiting from excellent oral care were endurable. Conclusion Radiotherapy plus concurrent DICE chemotherapy may be an effective and safe comprehensive treatment for patients with WR-NKTL.
To investigate the role of moxibustion of "Feishu" (BL13)，"Tianshu" (ST25) for asthma by simultaneously treating lung and intestine (i.e., treating both lung and intestine at the same time) in asthmatic rats.A total of 48 SD rats were randomly divided into normal, model, lung treatment and joint-treatment of lung and intestine (joint-treatment) groups, with 12 rats in each. The asthma model was established by subcutaneous (bilateral back and inguinal regions) and intraperitoneal injection of mixture solution of albumin and Aluminium Hydroxide gel (on day 1st, and 9th) and followed by inhalation of atomized 1% ovalbumin (on day 15th, 20 min each time, once daily for 1 week). Moxibustion was applied to bilateral BL13 for rats of the lung treatment group or bilateral BL13 and ST25 for rats of the joint-treatment group. One hour after the intervention, the rats in the later three groups were separately given nebulized 1% ovalbumin solution inhalation for 20 min. The treatments were conducted once daily for 14 consecutive days. After intervention, the lung functions including the forced expiratory flow 25% (FEF 25%), maximal mid-expiratory flow (MMEF), dynamic lung compliance (Cdyn), forced expiratory volume/ forced vital capacity (FEV/FVC), peak expiratory flow (PEF), and lung resistance (RL) were measured by using a small animal lung function detector, and pathological changes and collagen deposition in the lung tissues were observed by H.E. and Masson staining, separately. The levels of interleukin (IL)-17, IL-4, IL-13, IL-33, IL-5, leukotriene (LT) and thymic stromal lymphocyte (TSLP) in the lung tissue were measured by ELISA.Compared with the normal group, the FEF 25%, MMEF， Cdyn， FEV/FVC and PEF were significantly decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01)， and the pulmonary RL, collagen deposition, and contents of IL-17, IL-4, IL-13, IL-33, IL-5, TSLP and LT were notably increased (P<0.05, P<0.01) in the model group. After intervention, the MMEF and Cdyn in the lung treatment group, PEF, MMEF, Cdyn, FEV/FVC, FEF 25% in the joint-treatment group, were markedly increased (P<0.05, P<0.01), whereas the collagen deposition, IL-17, IL-4 and TSLP in both the lung treatment and joint-treatment groups, RL, IL-13, IL-33, IL-5 and LT in the joint-treatment group were considerably down-regulated (P<0.05, P<0.01). The effects of the joint treatment were apparently superior to those of lung treatment in down-regulating the contents of TSLP and LT (P<0.05, P<0.01). H.E. staining showed thickened alveolar wall, infiltration of a large number of inflammatory cells in the bronchus of the model group, which was relatively milder in the joint-treatment group."Joint treatment of lung and intestine" with moxibustion is superior to "lung treatment" alone in ameliorating the lung function and mitigating airway inflammation in rats with asthma.目的：观察艾灸“天枢”“肺俞”对哮喘大鼠肺功能及气道炎性反应的影响，探讨“肺肠同治”在艾灸改善哮喘中的意义。方法：SD大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、从肺论治组和肺肠同治组，每组12只。采用卵清白蛋白致敏和雾化激发法制备哮喘模型。从肺论治组大鼠艾灸双侧“肺俞”30 min；肺肠同治组大鼠艾灸双侧“肺俞”“天枢”30 min；模型组大鼠仅作固定30 min。上述3组大鼠干预结束1 h后，分别予以1%卵清白蛋白溶液雾化20 min，均每日1次，连续14 d。使用肺功能测定仪测定各组大鼠的肺功能；HE和Masson染色法观察各组大鼠肺组织病理形态学变化及胶原沉积程度；酶联免疫吸附法检测各组大鼠肺组织中白细胞介素(IL)-17、IL-4、IL-13、IL-33、IL-5、半胱氨酸白三烯(LT)、胸腺基质淋巴细胞生成素(TSLP)的含量。结果：与正常组比较，模型组大鼠肺功能中呼出25%肺活量时最大呼气流量(FEF 25%)、最大呼气中期流量(MMEF)、动态肺顺应性(Cdyn)、用力呼气量占用力肺活量比(FEV/FVC)、最大呼气流量(PEF)显著降低(P<0.05，P<0.01)，肺阻力(RL)显著升高(P<0.05)；肺组织结构重度异常，肺泡壁增厚，支气管周围可见大量炎性细胞浸润，肺组织胶原沉积程度显著升高(P<0.01)；肺组织中IL-17、IL-4、IL-13、IL-33、IL-5、LT、TSLP含量均显著升高(P<0.01)。与模型组比较，从肺论治组大鼠肺功能中仅MMEF、Cdyn显著升高(P<0.05)，肺肠同治组大鼠肺功能中FEF 25%、MMEF、Cdyn、FEV/FVC、PEF、RL均显著改善(P<0.01，P<0.05)；从肺论治组和肺肠同治组大鼠肺泡壁增厚均较轻，支气管周围炎性细胞浸润明显减少，肺组织胶原沉积程度均显著降低(P<0.01)；从肺论治组和肺肠同治组大鼠肺组织中IL-17、IL-4、TSLP含量均显著降低(P<0.05，P<0.01)；肺肠同治组大鼠肺组织中IL-13、IL-33、IL-5、LT含量显著降低(P<0.05，P<0.01)。从肺论治组和肺肠同治组相比，肺组织中LT和TSLP的含量升高(P<0.01，P<0.05)。结论：“肺肠同治”在艾灸调节哮喘大鼠气道炎性反应及肺功能时的作用优于单纯的“从肺论治”。.
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