Shulin Chen

Chinese Academy of Sciences

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Dongyuan Zhang

Shanxi Medical University

Liang Yu

Washington State University

Wei Liao

Michigan State University

Craig Frear

Washington State University

Demao Li

Chinese Academy of Sciences

Zhiyou Wen

Iowa State University

Hanwu Lei

Washington State University

Joan Q. Wu

Washington State University

Jingwei Ma

Hunan University

Quan-Bao Zhao

Chinese Academy of Sciences

Cooperative Institutions

Chinese Academy of Sciences

104

Washington State University

Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology

University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs

Richland College

University of Science and Technology of China

Beijing University of Chemical Technology

Peking University

Northwest A&F University

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Performances of anaerobic co-digestion of fruit & vegetable waste (FVW) and food waste (FW): Single-phase vs. two-phase

Bioresource Technology (2013)

Fei Shen Hairong Yuan Yunzhi Pang Shulin Chen Baoning Zhu

Digestion

Food Waste

Single phase

10.1016/j.biortech.2013.06.099

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Citations (314)

Sequential hydrothermal fractionation of yeast Cryptococcus curvatus biomass

Bioresource Technology (2014)

Chao Miao Moumita Chakraborty Tao Dong Xiaochen Yu Zhanyou Chi

Hydrothermal liquefaction

Carbon fibers

10.1016/j.biortech.2014.04.059

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Citations (46)

CFD simulation of non‐Newtonian fluid flow in anaerobic digesters

Biotechnology and Bioengineering (2007)

Binxin Wu Shulin Chen

A general mathematical model that predicts the flow fields in a mixed-flow anaerobic digester was developed. In this model, the liquid manure was assumed to be a non-Newtonian fluid, and the flow governed by the continuity, momentum, and k-epsilon standard turbulence equations, and non-Newtonian power law model. The commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software, Fluent, was applied to simulate the flow fields of lab-scale, scale-up, and pilot-scale anaerobic digesters. The simulation results were validated against the experimental data from literature. The flow patterns were qualitatively compared for Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids flow in a lab-scale digester. Numerical simulations were performed to predict the flow fields in scale-up and pilot-scale anaerobic digesters with different water pump power inputs and different total solid concentration (TS) in the liquid manure. The optimal power inputs were determined for the pilot-scale anaerobic digester. Some measures for reducing dead and low velocity zones were proposed based upon the CFD simulation results.

10.1002/bit.21613

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Citations (151)

Biogas potential and microbial population distributions in flushed dairy manure and implications on anaerobic digestion technology

Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology (2010)

Craig Frear Zhi‐Wu Wang Chenlin Li Shulin Chen

Abstract BACKGROUND: There remain technological deficiencies in the economical anaerobic digestion of the entire flow of flushed dairy manure on farms within cold climates. In order to develop an anaerobic digester tailored for this purpose, this study investigated the distributions of biomass and biogas generated in three particle‐size‐characterized zones of flushed dairy manure. RESULTS: Results demonstrate that comparable biogas generations are equally distributed between the solids and liquid phases of flushed dairy manure, implying that at least 50% of methane generation might be lost when utilizing existing processes that only selectively handle the liquid or solids phases. Microscopic and kinetic studies show that the majority of microorganisms in the manure are attached to the surface of undigested dairy manure fibrous solids. In particular, greater than 70% of acetate‐utilizing methanogens were found closely associated with the indigestible solids. This high microbial affinity to the dairy manure solids phase can be traced back to the selection pressure driven bacterial immobilization mechanism in cattle rumen. CONCLUSION: This study shows that dairy manure fibrous solids have the potential to act as effective natural biomass carriers for high rate and simultaneous methanation of both solids and liquid phases of flushed dairy manure in one digester. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry

Biogas

Total dissolved solids

10.1002/jctb.2484

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Citations (30)

Microwave Torrefaction of Douglas Fir Sawdust Pellets

Energy & Fuels (2012)

Shoujie Ren Hanwu Lei Lu Wang Quan Bu Yi Wei

Microwave torrefaction of Douglas fir pellets was investigated and the effects of process conditions on the yields of products were determined. The reaction temperature and time significantly influenced the yields of torrefied biomass, bio-oil, and noncondensable gases. Three linear models were developed to predict the product yield, as a function of reaction temperature and time. Gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy (GC/MS) analysis for bio-oils showed that the bio-oils were mainly composed of furans, phenolics, sugars, ketones/aldehydes, and organic acids. The amounts of each compound varied with the reaction conditions. Over the reaction temperature of 275 °C, noncondensable gases were mainly composed of CO2 and CO and its yields and compositions were significantly influenced by the temperature. Higher heating values (HHVs) of torrefied biomass were 20.90–25.07 MJ/kg, which is an ∼6%–31% increase, compared to the HHV of raw biomass. The energy yields of torrefied biomass, 67.03%–90.06%, implied that most energy was retained in the torrefied biomass. One linear model as a function of reaction temperature and time was developed to predict the energy yield. Mass and energy balance analysis showed that the total energy recovery was ∼79%–88%, implying that the microwave torrefaction of biomass is practical and energy-efficient.

Torrefaction

Sawdust

Heat of combustion

10.1021/ef300633c

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Citations (97)

Studying pellet formation of a filamentous fungus Rhizopus oryzae to enhance organic acid production

Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology (2007)

Wei Liao Yan Liu Shulin Chen

Rhizopus oryzae

Pellet

Organic acid

10.1007/s12010-007-9089-4

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Citations (63)

Aromatics and phenols from catalytic pyrolysis of Douglas fir pellets in microwave with ZSM-5 as a catalyst

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis (2012)

Lu Wang Hanwu Lei Shoujie Ren Quan Bu Jing Liang

Pyrolysis oil

ZSM-5

10.1016/j.jaap.2012.08.002

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Citations (72)

Thermal characterization of softwood lignin modification by termite Coptotermes formosanus (Shiraki)

Biomass and Bioenergy (2011)

Jing Ke Deepak Singh Xuewei Yang Shulin Chen

Softwood

Coptotermes

Depolymerization

10.1016/j.biombioe.2011.05.010

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Citations (59)

Modulation of lignin deposition/composition via phytic acid reduction in seed improves the quality of barley straw for sugar release and ethanol production

Biomass and Bioenergy (2012)

Jing Ke Dhrubojyoti D. Laskar Mackenzie T. Ellison Robert S. Zemetra Shulin Chen

Lignocellulosic Biomass

Enzymatic Hydrolysis

10.1016/j.biombioe.2012.06.037

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Citations (7)

Hydrodynamic and kinetic study of cellulase production by Trichoderma reesei with pellet morphology

Biotechnology and Bioengineering (2012)

Liang Yu Yapeng Chao Pierre Wensel Shulin Chen

Abstract Numerical simulations and experimental validation were performed to understand the effects of hydrodynamics on pellet formation and cellulase production by filamentous T. reesei . The constructed model combined a steady‐state multiple reference frame (MRF) approach describing mechanical mixing, oxygen mass transfer, and non‐Newtonian flow field with a transient sliding mesh approach and kinetics of oxygen consumption, pellet formation, and enzyme production. The model was experimentally validated at various agitation speeds in a two‐impeller Rushton turbine fermentor. Results from simulation and experimentation showed that higher agitation speeds led to increases in the pellet diameter and the proportion of pelletized (vs. filamentous) forms of the biomass. It also led to increase in dissolved oxygen mass transfer rate in shear‐thinning fluid and cellulase productivity. The extent of these increases varied considerably among agitation speeds. Pellet formation and morphology were presumably affected within a viscosity‐dependent shear‐rate range. Cellulase activity and cell viability were shown to be sensitive to impeller shear. A maximum cellulase activity of 3.5 IU/mL was obtained at 400 rpm, representing a twofold increase over that at 100 rpm. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2012; 109:1755–1768. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Pellet

Shear thinning

10.1002/bit.24433

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Citations (27)