Improving power conversion efficiency (PCE) in photovoltaics has driven innovative approaches in solar cell design and technology. Silicon heterojunction (SHJ) solar cells exhibit advantages in PCE due to their effective passivating contact structures. SHJ–interdigitated back contact (SHJ–IBC) solar cells have the potential to surpass traditional SHJ cells, attributed to their advantage in short‐circuit current ( J SC ). Herein, Silvaco Atlas technology computer‐aided design is used to create digital twins of high‐efficiency SHJ solar cells with amorphous silicon and nanocrystalline silicon hole selective contact (HSC) layers. Using parameters from digital twins of SHJ solar cells, the practical efficiency limit of SHJ–IBC solar cells is assessed. The results show that SHJ–IBC cells can achieve potential efficiencies of 27.01% with amorphous HSC and 27.38% with nanocrystalline HSC. Further efficiency augmentation to 27.51% can be achieved by narrowing the gap from 80 to 20 μm. This study not only advances comprehension of SHJ–IBC solar cells but also provides insights into optimizing geometrical configurations for improved performance. The utilization of digital twins provides a valuable tool for predicting and evaluating the performance of SHJ–IBC solar cells, contributing substantively to the ongoing development of high‐efficiency photovoltaic technology.
In this study, a perfect metamaterial absorber based on strontium titanate and bulk Dirac semimetals is proposed. When the temperature of strontium titanate was 300K, the dual-band absorptions were 99.74% and 99.99% at 1.227 and 1.552 THz, respectively. The sensitivities based on a transverse magnetic (TM) wave were 0.95 and 1.22 GHz/K; the sensitivity based on a transverse electric (TE) wave was 0.76 GHz/K. The TE and TM waves were modulated by inserting a bulk Dirac semimetal between the concave and convex devices. The modulation depth of the TE wave was 97.9% at 1.1 THz; the extinction ratio was 16.9 dB. The modulation depth of the TE wave at 1.435 THz was 95.9%; the extinction ratio was 13.89 dB. The TM wave modulation depth at 1.552 THz was 95.9%; the extinction ratio was 13.98 dB. Irrespective of a TE or TM wave, the terahertz absorber has good switching and temperature-sensing performance based on strontium titanate and bulk Dirac semimetals as well as broad application prospects in temperature sensing and switching devices.
Reactions in solvothermal or microwave-assisted conditions between a hexanuclear rare-earth entity ([Ln6] with Ln = Eu-Dy) and m-halogeno-benzoic acids lead to three series of isostructural complexes with respective chemical formulas [Ln6(μ3-OH)2(H2O)2(NO3)2(3-cb)14]·4CH3CN, [Ln6(μ3-OH)2(H2O)2(NO3)2(3-bb)14]·6CH3CN, and [Ln6(μ3-OH)2(H2O)2(NO3)2(3-ib)14]·6CH3CN, where 3-cb-, 3-bb-, and 3-ib- represent 3-chloro-, 3-bromo-, and 3-iodo-benzoate, respectively. These three series of compounds are almost isostructural. Their luminescent properties, in the solid and solution states, have been studied in detail and compared. This study shows that hexanuclear complexes own strong intermetallic energy transfers. This makes these complexes good candidates for thermometric probes in solid state or in solution state.
Abstract Dirac semimetal (DSM) coding metasurfaces enable switchable beam control in the terahertz (THz) communication field, thereby providing additional options for the regulation of electromagnetic waves. This study proposes a new structure based on a DSM THz coding metasurface. By adjusting the DSM size, a coding metasurface containing eight units is constructed to realize 3-bit coding. Simultaneously, by adjusting the DSM Fermi level ( E F ), the relative phase delay of adjacent units is controlled, resulting in a switchable coding metasurface. Using specific coding arrangements, multi-functions, such as beam deflection, beam splitting, vortex beams, and vortex beams with adjustable deflection angles can be controlled. Furthermore, a reduce radar cross-section (by approximately 13 dB at an operating frequency of 1.05 THz), is achieved. This study provides novel concepts and methods for metamaterials in the fields of communication and radar.
Terahertz logic gates will have a wide range of applications in future 6G communications. In this study, we theoretically propose a frequency-tunable all-optical terahertz logic gate composed of a silicon-metal composite metamaterial with a liquid crystal (LC) layer. Simulation results demonstrate the presence of electromagnetically induced transparency in the transmission spectrum of the device. Upon illumination, the transparency window in the transmission spectrum can be altered owing to the photoelectric effect in Si segments. The designed device can realize NOR Boolean operation based on the illumination-transmission response. More importantly, a LC layer with adjustable permittivity presents an effective method for manipulating the device's working frequency. The influences of the LC layer's thickness on the transparency window are also studied.
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