To determined the effect of fluid shear stress on microvascular endothelial cell monolayers, we designed a flow chamber to investigated the morphology changes after a period of shear stress effect. A coverslip carrying a confluent rat brain microvascular endothelial cell monolayers was inserted into the device and parallel plate flow was given by the chamber. The experiment proceeded with various perfusion rates. The perfusion medium was D-Hank^s balanced salt solution with the viscosity of 0.75mPa.s at 37deg C. The shear stress effected on the monolayers were 0.19, 0.38, 0.77 and 1.43 dyn/cm~(2) by a roller pump for a perfusion period of 1h, 3h and 6h. The whole device was warmed to 37deg C with an air curtain incubator. After a period of perfusion, the coverslip was taken out and then placed on the stage of an inverted tissue culture microscope with camera.
The paper discusses some ways of Chinese translation of English trademarks such as transliteration,literal translation,paraphrase and complementary translation through variuos examples.It also deals with the cultural factors involving in trademark translation.
To investigate the expression of long noncoding RNA linc00261 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its correlation with the clinicopathological features and postoperative outcomes of the patients.Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of linc00261 in surgical specimens of HCC and adjacent tissues from 74 patients. The correlation of the expression level of linc00261 in HCC with the clinicopathological parameters of the patients was analyzed using Chi-square test. The Cox's proportional hazards regression model was used to assess the value of linc00261 in predicting the prognosis of HCC patients after operation. The expression of linc00261 was also examined in 5 HCC cell lines using qRT-PCR. The HCC cell lines MHCC-LM3 and SNU-449 were transfected with small interfering RNAs targeting linc00261 for linc00261 knockdown, and the changes in the cell proliferation, migration and invasion abilities were observed using CCK-8 assay and Transwell assay.The expression level of linc00261 in HCC was significantly correlated with AFP (P=0.032), tumor size (P=0.007), microscopic vascular invasion (MVI; P=0.01), and TNM stage (P=002). The patients with lowered expressions of linc00261 in HCC tissues had a significantly shortened tumor-free survival time (P < 0.05), and a lowered expression of linc00261 was identified as an independent risk factor affecting postoperative recurrence-free survival time of the patients (P < 0.05). In HCC cell lines MHCC-LM3 and SNU-449 cells, linc00261 knockdown obviously promoted the cell migration and invasion (P < 0.01) but did not significantly affect cell proliferation (P > 0.05).Linc00261 may serve as a new prognostic biomarker for predicting the postoperative outcomes of the patients with HCC.
// Xincheng Liu 1, 2 , Huohui Ou 1 , Leyang Xiang 1 , Xianghong Li 1 , Yu Huang 3 , Dinghua Yang 1 1 Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Nanfang Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China 2 The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China 3 Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China Correspondence to: Dinghua Yang, email: dhyangyd@yahoo.com Yu Huang, email: hy5810@yahoo.com Keywords: HCC, UHRF1, prognosis, proliferation, invasion Abbreviations: UHRF1, ubiquitin-like with plant homeodomain and ring finger domains, 1; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma Received: May 17, 2016 Accepted: December 12, 2016 Published: January 02, 2017 ABSTRACT Ubiquitin-like with plant homeodomain and ring finger domains, 1 (UHRF1) is overexpressed in a variety of tumor tissues and is negatively correlated with prognosis of patients with cancers, yet so far, a comprehensive study of UHRF1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not been conducted. The present study was designed to explore the expression of UHRF1, associated clinical implications, and its possible functions in HCC. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemical staining were used to detect UHRF1 expression in HCC specimens including cancerous and noncancerous tissues. Associations of UHRF1 expression with demographic and clinicopathologic features in HCC were analyzed, and the effects of RNA interference of UHRF1 on cell proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, and migration were investigated in vitro and in vivo . UHRF1 mRNA and protein expression were both upregulated and negatively correlated with prognosis in HCC patients. Furthermore, inhibition of proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition progression were observed in vitro and in vivo after UHRF1 knockdown, moreover, G2/M arrest was detected in HCC cells. In conclusion, elevated UHRF1 expression contributes to poor prognosis by promoting cell proliferation and metastasis in HCC.
In recent years, due to the implementation of the highway-free policy during holidays, the travel demand and traffic volume during holidays have increased significantly, and the resulting congestion problem is more serious. To better analyze and study the traffic flow characteristics of expressway hot toll stations during holidays, and put forward targeted optimization strategies to achieve the purpose of improving the efficiency of highway operation during holidays, this paper takes the toll collection data of more than 5 million lines of expressways in Jilin Province in 25 days from September to October as the research object. By using the characteristics of traffic flow on different characteristic days, this paper summarizes the characteristic data of traffic flow by statistical means and depicts the trend chart of hot toll stations based on geographic information using the digital visualization method. Based on basic data cleaning and classification analysis, a flow rate of hot toll station phase change analysis, according to the characteristic of geographic information data, and Jilin province, based on the three-dimensional map heat flow variation, the comprehensive finish holiday hot spots for highway toll station traffic flow characteristics of the impression. Based on this, the paper puts forward the optimization policy of highway holiday travel optimization.
X-linked intellectual developmental disorder is a rare X-linked genetic disease, manifested as heart disease, intellectual impairment, and developmental disorders. We report a male infant who presented with dyspnea after birth. Physical examination on admission revealed poor responsiveness, deep eye sockets, a small mandible, abnormalities of the outer ears, and reduced limb muscle tone. The child was moaning with shortness of breath and a positive three-concave sign without pulmonary rales. The heart sounds were weak with a grade 2/6 diastolic heart murmur. Echocardiography showed an enlarged heart with increased trabeculae in the left ventricular muscle wall. X-linked mental retardation syndrome type 34(MRXS34, OMIM# 300967) was diagnosed after exome sequencing showed a c.1131G > A hemizygous variant in the NONO gene. After timely therapy including respiratory support, cardiac glycosides, and diuresis, the child's condition improved and he was discharged at one month of age. A literature review showed that, to date, 22 live births with X-linked mental retardation have been reported. The NONO-related phenotype can be summarized as a neurological and cardiac developmental disorder, which may be accompanied by multisystem malformations. The present case enriches the knowledge of X-linked intellectual developmental syndromes.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. In recent decades, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have attracted increasing attention and have been reported to play important roles in human cancers, making them ideal candidates for precise disease assessment and treatment. Our previous study found that the loss of linc00261 was significantly correlated with the malignant biological behaviors of HCC, particularly MVI, and serves as an excellent independent prognostic factor for recurrence-free survival. In this study, our in-depth research demonstrated that linc00261 inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in liver cancer cells, thereby suppressing migration, invasion, and the formation of lung metastatic lesions. Moreover, linc00261 and its neighbor gene FOXA2 were positively correlated in HCC, the gain- and loss-of-function analyses indicated that linc00261 transcriptionally promotes the expression of FOXA2. Additionally, bioinformatic analysis and rescue assays confirmed that linc00261 partially suppresses migration, invasion, and EMT by upregulating FOXA2 expression. Molecular mechanism studies showed that linc00261 transcriptionally upregulates FOXA2 in cis by recruiting SMAD3. Finally, we identified EZH2 is responsible for linc00261 transcription repression via modulating trimethylation of H3K27 at Lys27 (H3K27Me3), both EZH2 and H3K27Me3 were negatively correlated with linc00261 expression in HCC. In conclusion, these findings demonstrated a crucial role of linc00261 in HCC metastasis, and that EZH2/linc00261/FOXA2 axis might reveal potential prognostic factors and be applied as therapeutic targets for HCC metastasis.
Abstract No current in vitro tumor model replicates a tumor’s in vivo microenvironment. A culturing technique that better preserves a tumor’s pathophysiological conditions is needed for some important clinical applications, including personalized drug-sensitivity/resistance assays. In this study, we utilized autologous serum or body fluid to build a 3D scaffold and grow a patient’s tumor. We named this technique “3D-ACM” (autologous culture method). Forty-five clinical samples from biopsies, surgically removed tumor tissues and malignant body fluids were cultured with 3D-ACM. Traditional 3D-FBS (fetal bovine serum) cultures were performed side-by-side for comparison. The results were that cells cultured in 3D-ACM rebuilt tissue-like structures, and retained their immuno-phenotypes and cytokine productions. In contrast, the 3D-FBS method promoted mesenchymal cell proliferation. In preliminary chemo drug-sensitivity assays, significantly higher mortality was always associated with FBS-cultured cells. Accordingly, 3D-ACM appears to more reliably preserve a tumor’s biological characteristics, which might improve the accuracy of drug-testing for personalized cancer treatment.
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