Body weight and abdominal fat traits are complex and important economic traits that may benefit from the implementation of MAS. The objective of the current study was to identify QTL associated with BW and abdominal fat traits. The Northeast Agricultural University resource population was used in the current study. Body weight and abdominal fat weight were measured in the F2 population. A total of 369 F2 individuals produced from 4 F1 families, their parents, and F0 birds were genotyped by 23 fluorescent microsatellite markers on chromosome 1. A linkage map was constructed, and interval mapping was conducted to identify putative QTL. For BW, 10 QTL were identified at the 1% chromosome wide level, and these 10 QTL were grouped to 3 different regions; 2 QTL were identified at the 5% chromosome wide level, and these 2 QTL were grouped to 2 different regions; and 5 QTL were identified at the suggestive level, and these 5 QTL were grouped to 4 different regions. For the abdominal fat traits, 1 QTL was identified at the 1% chromosome wide level, 1 QTL was identified at the 5% chromosome wide level, and 2 QTL were identified at the suggestive level. The QTL for BW at 12 wk of age explained 13.51% of the phenotypic variance, and 2 QTL for abdominal fat weight explained 2.53 and 3.97% of the phenotypic variance, respectively. The present study identified chromosome regions harboring significant QTL affecting BW and abdominal fat traits. The results provide a useful reference for further candidate gene research and MAS for BW and abdominal fat traits.
Root water uptake is an important process of water circle and a component of water balance in the field. It should be understood better and effectively. A quantitative method of determining root water uptake should be built for efficient water use. The aims of this paper were to develop a water uptake model for single Caragana Korshinskii individual and to validate the model with soil water content in a plantation. Tube–time domain reflectometry (TDR) was used to measure soil volumetric water content, and sap flow sensors based on stem–heat technology were used to monitor locally the sap flow rates in the stems of C. Korshinskii. Root density distribution was determined and soil hydraulic characteristics parameters were fitted from measurements. A root water uptake model was established, which includes root density distribution function, potential transpiration and soil water stress–modified factor. The measured data were compared against the outputs of transpiration rate and soil water contents from the numerical simulation of the soil water dynamics that uses Richards’ equation for water flow and the established root uptake model. The results showed an excellent agreement between the measured data and the simulated outputs, which indicate that the developed root water uptake model is effective and feasible.
In this research, a new type of roof cultivation substrate with different ratios of six kinds of substrate products and inorganic substrates was laid in a self-made roof model with a thickness of 7.5 cm and 15 cm, and the substrate was sprayed to record the matrix flow production time, the amount of runoff water, etc., then the water quality of the collected runoff was tested and a significant test was conducted.The results showed that with the increase of the depth of the same matrix, the storage capacity of the matrix is stronger.Finally, three more ideal matrix formulations were selected: T222 [V{substrate product (V straw: V cow manure: V lignite = 12:2:4)}: V vermiculite: V fly ash = 2 : 3:3] optimal, followed by T122 [V{substrate product (V straw: V cow manure: V lignite = 12:4:2)}: V vermiculite: V fly ash = 2: 3:3] and T422 [V{Substrates (V Straw:
Cryptochromes are blue/ultraviolet-A (UV-A) light receptors involved in regulating various aspects of plant growth and development. Investigations of the structure and functions of cryptochromes in plants have largely focused on herbaceous plants. However, few data on the function of CRY2 are available in woody plants. In this study, a cryptochrome 2 (CRY2) gene was isolated from Paeonia suffruticosa by Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). Sequence alignment and motif analysis showed that the deduced amino acids contained a PHR domain near the amino terminus and a CCT domain near the carboxy terminus. PsCRY2 showed high identity with AtCRY2 of Arabidopsis. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that it was closely related to Citrus sinensis. Gene expression analysis revealed that the highest expression levels of PsCRY2 occurred in the bud and seed embryo of P. suffruticosa, followed by the roots, stems, and leaves. PsCRY2 was upregulated during the entire process of bud differentiation, whereas this was downregulated during the early stage of bud development and upregulated in the middle and late stages. The highest level of PsCRY2 expression was observed in the big bell-like flower buds. These results suggested that PsCRY2 plays an important role in both bud differentiation and bud development. The expression patterns of PsCRY2 in the buds of 'Luoyanghong' and 'Qiufa 1' were similar, whereas that in the buds of 'Qiufa 1' was significantly higher than in the buds of 'Luoyanghong'. The buds of plants subjected to different photoperiod treatments exhibited variations in PsCRY2 expression patterns. The expression of PsCRY2 decreased during bud sprouting and in the small bell-like flower buds that were subjected to short-day photoperiod compared to that observed under long-day photoperiod.
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