Abstract Oral health is an essential part of staying healthy. Neglect of dental care may lead to tooth decay/ loss, poor nutrition, and affects individuals’ quality of life. Over the past decades, dental care utilization has risen considerably, however, racial/ethnic and socioeconomic disparities still persist in the U.S. Additionally, poor oral health is a contributing factor to, and a consequence of chronic diseases such as cognitive impairment, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Faced with the complex and intertwined health and social challenges, it’s imperative to understand the disparities of dental care utilization and the relationships among oral health and chronic diseases so that effective policies and preventions can be implemented to improve quality of care. In this symposium, we present findings for older adults from diverse racial/ethnic populations in the U.S. We begin with results from two national-wide trend analyses: a 15-year review of dental care utilization and the evaluation of dental care performance over a 16-year period in nursing homes. The next study presents the barriers of dental care utilization in Hawaii. Finally, we present results of the negative effects of diabetes and poor oral health on cognitive function. Our studies address the disparities of dental care utilization among minority and under-represented ethnic groups as well as the connections between oral health and chronic conditions. Our results are helpful in educating policy makers and health practitioners about how to improve dental care and how dental care can be effectively integrated into chronic disease prevention and health promotion activities.
Background and Aim. Xuebijing injection is a traditional Chinese medicine compound for the improvement of systemic inflammation response. This meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) aimed to explore the clinical efficacy and safety of Xuebijing injection for the treatment of acute pancreatitis (AP). Methods. PubMed Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Biology Medicine disc, VIP, and Wanfang databases were searched. The primary outcome was treatment response. The secondary outcomes included changes in clinical and laboratory indicators and incidence of AP-related complications. Meta-analyses were performed by using a random-effect model. Risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) or weighted mean differences (WMDs) with 95% CIs were calculated. Results. Overall, 23 RCTs were included. The rates of overall (RR = 1.16; 95% CI = 1.12 to 1.20; ) and complete (RR = 1.40; 95% CI = 1.30 to 1.50; ) responses were significantly higher in the Xuebijing injection group. After treatment, the levels of interleukin-6 (WMD = −18.22; 95% CI = −23.36 to −13.08; ), tumor necrosis factor-α (WMD = −16.44; 95% CI = −20.49 to −12.40; ), serum amylase (WMD = −105.61; 95% CI = −173.77 to −37.46; ), white blood cell (WMD = −1.51; 95% CI = −1.66 to −1.36; ), and C-reactive protein (WMD = −11.05; 95% CI = −14.32 to −7.78; ) were significantly lower in the Xuebijing injection group. Abdominal pain (WMD = −1.74; 95% CI = −1.96 to −1.52; ), abdominal distension (WMD = −1.56; 95% CI = −2.07 to −1.04; ), gastrointestinal function (WMD = −2.60; 95% CI = −3.07 to −2.13; ), body temperature (WMD = −2.16; 95% CI = −2.83 to −1.49; ), serum amylase level (WMD = −1.81; 95% CI = −2.66 to −0.96; ), and white blood cell (WMD = −2.16; 95% CI = −2.99 to −1.32; ) recovered more rapidly in the Xuebijing injection group. The incidence of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (RR = 0.18; 95% CI = 0.05 to 0.62; ), pancreatic pseudocyst (RR = 0.17; 95% CI = 0.04 to 0.77; ), and renal failure (RR = 0.16; 95% CI = 0.05 to 0.60; ) was significantly lower in the Xuebijing injection group. Conclusions. Xuebijing injection added on the basis of conventional treatment has a potential benefit for improving the outcomes of AP.
To explore the influence of sexuality-related factors on recent two-week morbidity and annual hospitalization in female migrant workers, 880 Chinese rural-to-urban female migrant workers aged 16–57 years were studied. Clustered logistic regression analyses revealed that women who never or seldom experienced lubrication difficulties had a lower risk of recent two-week morbidity (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 0.32, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.17–0.60, P< 0.001; adjusted OR = 0.35, 95% CI = 0.18–0.69, P= 0.003) than those who always experienced lubrication difficulties; women who never felt a lack of sexual interest had a significantly lower risk of annual hospitalization (adjusted OR = 0.40, 95% CI = 0.20–0.79, P= 0.009) than those who always or seldom lacked sexual interest, and women who never felt sexual satisfaction had a higher risk of annual hospitalization (adjusted OR = 3.08, 95% CI = 1.75–5.42, P< 0.001) than those who always or seldom experienced sexual satisfaction. The independent contributions of sexuality-related factors to the risk of recent two-week morbidity and annual hospitalization were 5.8% and 29.5%, respectively. This study suggests that sexuality may have a modest influence on recent two-week morbidity and a dominant impact on annual hospitalization.
Objective: To review current literature on the distinction between bacterial persistence or reinfection in recurrent urinary tract infections (RUTIs) in women and the resultant implications on evaluation and treatment. Methods: A systematic literature review focusing on studies of non-pregnant women with cystitis was conducted. Studies not in English, not in full-text, and relating to children, men, and pregnant women were excluded. Results: Between 1995 and 2012, 7 articles were identified from which the type of bacterial persistence/ reinfection status could be clearly established. While some study findings suggest that bacterial reinfection prevails in RUTI, others have concluded that bacterial persistence is quite frequent or dominates (33% to 82%). Recent data on evaluation and treatment also suggest a shift towards less need to distinguish between these two categories. Conclusions: While current RUTI management strategies hinge on delineating between bacterial persistence or reinfection, for women refractory to antibiotic therapy, one could argue that the boundary between the two groups may be irrelevant as optimal treatment may be the same regardless.Compared to simple urinary tract infections which are exceedingly common in women and relatively easy to treat, recurrent urinary tract infections (RUTIs) provoke treatment challenges, impact on quality of life, and substantial costs. Traditionally, RUTIs have been divided into two broad categories depending on urine culture findings: (1) Bacterial persistence refers to RUTIs caused by the same bacterial strain over and over again while (2) Bacterial reinfection implies a reinfection process from different bacterial strains. In this brief document, we reviewed the existing literature on the prevalence of these two forms of RUTI and briefly discussed the implications for their evaluation and treatment, while adding some newer information from our group and others. We will make the point that the boundaries between these 2 categories cansometimes be blurry and that their management may emerge as being similar in the end.
Objective: To analyze the problems of protection COVID-19 asymptomatic infected patients, so as to ensure the safety of medical staff working in the epidemic and avoid the second outbreak.Methods: Through the analysis of main symptoms of the COVID-19 asymptomatic infected patients.Know the problems that if it is contagious, infectious strength, and the infection route etc.And take some measures such as launching medical observation for the close contacts of COVID-19 patients, investigating into epidemiology of cluster epidemic, active detection of exposed populations during the process of tracing the source of infection patients etc. to find asymptomatic infected patients.The prevention and control of asymptomatic infected persons should be strengthened by further improving the prevention and control program, increasing screening and monitoring, strengthening management and treatment, and strengthening mass prevention and control.Results: Through this method, COVID-19 asymptomatic infected patients can be detected as early as possible, and its effective prevention and control.Conclusion: The analysis of the protection problem of COVID-19 asymptomatic infector has important guiding significance to the protection of medical staff and individuals in the epidemic treatment.
Rapid economic development has brought many pollution problems such as air pollution in China, which also obstructed economic and social development. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among residents with different occupations in Nanchang and Wuyuan, China, from July to August 2015. Anonymous questionnaires were used to understand participant’s perception on current air pollution. Descriptive analysis was performed for the general demographic information of the participants and a chi-squared test was conducted to estimate the perception of participants towards air pollution. Binary logistic regression analysis was conducted for the association between socio-demographic and willingness to pay for the air pollution. The result of the chi-squared tests showed that the perception of different occupation groups toward local air quality was statically significantly different (χ2=731.166, p<0.05). This surveyed showed that over 90% of the participants from all the occupational groups considered improving air quality is essentially important and should be the responsibility of both the government and individual citizen. All the participants support the local government to place more funding on air quality improvement, but more than 50% of respondents are not willing to pay additional money for air pollution control (OR=11.025). This information will be useful to the local government in its process of funding preparation and the development of more effective and practical regulation to control air pollution in future.
7328 Background: Gemcitabine and docetaxel are both active and well tolerated in NSCLC treatment. Preliminary data with weekly schedules of gemcitabine combined docetaxel regimen showed the efficacy was well maintained but risk of neutropenia was reduced. This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy, including response rate and median survival time, and toxicities of weekly administration of gemcitabine combined with docetaxel in Chinese patients with advanced NSCLC. Methods: Patients with histological confirmed stage IIIB/IV NSCLC, presented measurable and evaluable diseases were eligible for this study. Gemcitabine was given 800-1200mg/m2 by intravenous infusion on day 1, 8, 15 of a 28-day cycle. Docetaxel was 35mg/m2 i.v. the same day following with gemcitabine. No prophylactic use of G-CSF was allowed. CTC criteria were used to grade toxicities and WHO response criteria was used to assess response rate in this study. Results: From January 2000 to May 2001, 26 patients were enrolled (11 chemo-naive, 15 patients pre-treated at least one platinum-based chemotherapy regimen). Average 3 cycles per patient were administrated. 1 patient achieved a complete response (CR, 3.8%), and 6 patients were partial response (PR, 23.1%), overall response rate was 26.9%, but in chemo-naïve NSCLC patients 45% overall response rate was achieved. Median survival was 9.5 months and 1-year survival rate was 38%. The main toxicities were hematological toxicties, includes Grade 4 neutropenia in one patient (3.8%), Grade III/IV thrombocytopenia in 5 patients (19%). 1 patient died from allergic shock. Non-hematological toxicities were mild and manageable. Conclusions: Gemcitabine combined docetaxel is an active and well-tolerated regimen for patients with advanced NSCLC. . No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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