Using an LI-6400 portable photosynthesis analyzer,we measured the net rate of photosynthesis,the photosynthesis availability radiation,the transpiration rate, and some other related eco-physiological factors of four Elytrigia varieties. The net photosynthetic rates and transpiration rates of all four Elytrigia showed two peaks on the curves of diurnal changes, and all witnessed obvious phenomena in midday depression of the two afore-mentioned rates. What leading to the phenomena exhibited in E. intermedia and E. repens was the decrease of photosynthetic capacity of the leaves, while that causing the midday depression of E. elongata and E. trichophora was the reduction of leaf stomatal conductance. Midday depression of transpiration was due to the high radiation, high leave temperature, low relative humidity, water scarcity in leaves, and the partial closure of stomata. E. elongata which boasts high light and low water use efficiency would enhance yield when it grows in areas with rich water resources, while E. repens is a preferable choice for water deficient areas. Appropriate thick planting of E. trichophora and E. intermedia could multiply yield.
Objective
To explore the application value of combined monitoring of somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) and transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD) in carotid endarterectomy (CEA).
Methods
We retrospectively enrolled 50 patients with carotid stenosis who underwent CEA at Department of Neurosurgery, Chengde Central Hospital from January 2015 to January 2018. SEP and TCD were used in combination to record changes in N20 amplitude of SEP and blood flow velocity in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) by TCD monitoring. Whether or not to perform a bypass procedure was decided based on the monitoring results which was also used to judge whether the open carotid artery developed restenosis and assess the high brain perfusion. The data of the two monitoring methods were recorded during the operation and comparative analysis was performed.
Results
Intraoperative SEP monitoring results showed that 2 cases met the standard of bypass and then underwent intraoperative transferring. TCD monitoring showed that 8 cases reached the standard of bypass and included the above-mentioned 2 cases. The difference in the rate of conversion to standard was statistically significant using SEP (4.0%, 2/50) and TCD (16.0%, 8/50) (χ2=4.000, P=0.046). In those 2 patients whose monitoring results showed that they did not meet the standard of bypass, after opening blocked carotid artery in the operation, TCD monitoring showed severe restenosis or reocclusion, and the thrombus was opened again during the operation. However, there was no positive findings in SEP monitoring during this process. In 2 case with open-blocking carotid artery, whose data in both monitoring showed that they did not meet the standard of bypass, high perfusion was revealed by TCD, and no positive findings were found in SEP monitoring. There was no cerebral infarction, cerebral hemorrhage, hyperperfusion or death in 50 patients within 30 days after CEA. CT angiography results showed no carotid stenosis in this series.
Conclusions
The combined monitoring of SEP and TCD seems to have a high clinical value in CEA. The former may be more advantageous in making choice of intraoperative bypass. The latter may be more valuable in detection of severe restenosis or recurrent hyperperfusion after opening the carotid artery.
Key words:
Endarterectomy, carotid; Monitoring, intraoperative; Ultrasonography, Doppler; Evoked potential
Previous studies have revealed several targets of miR-10b, such as syndecan-1, HOXD10, TBX5, and E-cadherin. In this study, we aimed to assess whether Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) is a target gene of miR-10b in gastric cancer (GC). Targeting of KLF4 by miR-10b was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assays. The expression levels of miR-10b and KLF4 mRNA in 5 different gastric cancer cell lines and 65 pairs of gastric cancer tissues were detected by Real-time PCR. In addition, KLF4 protein in gastric cancer cell lines and 30 GC tissues was measured by western blotting and immunochemistry, respectively. KLF4 is a direct target gene of miR-10b in GC, and its expression is reduced by miR-10b at both mRNA and protein levels. In addition, the expression level of miR-10b was tendentiously upregulated in GC tissues while the expression levels of KLF4 mRNA and protein were decreased in gastric cancer tissues compared with normal adjacent tissue. There was a dramatically inverse correlation between the expression levels of miR-10b and KLF4 mRNA in GC (r=-0.339, P=0.006). These findings indicate that miR-10b was upregulated in GC and may have a key role in GC pathogenesis and development through the downregulation of its target gene KLF4.
Lung cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer death, for which no validated tumor biomarker is sufficiently accurate to be useful for diagnosis. Additionally, the metabolic alterations associated with the disease are unclear. In this study, we investigated the construction, interaction, and pathways of potential lung cancer biomarkers using metabolomics pathway analysis based on the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database and the Human Metabolome Database to identify the top altered pathways for analysis and visualization. We constructed a diagnostic model using potential serum biomarkers from patients with lung cancer. We assessed their specificity and sensitivity according to the area under the curve of the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves, which could be used to distinguish patients with lung cancer from normal subjects. The pathway analysis indicated that sphingolipid metabolism was the top altered pathway in lung cancer. ROC curve analysis indicated that glycerophospho-N-arachidonoyl ethanolamine (GpAEA) and sphingosine were potential sensitive and specific biomarkers for lung cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Compared with the traditional lung cancer diagnostic biomarkers carcinoembryonic antigen and cytokeratin 19 fragment, GpAEA and sphingosine were as good or more appropriate for detecting lung cancer. We report our identification of potential metabolic diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of lung cancer and clarify the metabolic alterations in lung cancer.
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