To make up a portable, economic drainage device to prevent the development of pocket hematoma and avoid the additional therapies of pocket hematoma. Between 2003 and 2006, a total of 265 devices were implanted at our institution. The 89 high-risk patients were determined by the predictors of hematoma occurrence (marasmatic elder, inevitable oral antiplatelet/anticoagulation therapy, venous pressure increased by other comorbidity, the deficiency of the clotting mechanism for hepatic diseases, or incognizable severe intraoperative bleeding), and other 186 patients were included in non-high-risk group. The 89 high-risk patients were randomized into treatment and control subgroups by sortition. Surgical procedures differed only by the application of the portable, economic drainage device prior to wound closure in treatment subgroup. The incidence of pocket hematoma was 4.3% in treatment subgroup, 18.6% in control subgroup and 2.7% in non-high-risk group, leading to 2, 6 and 3 patients' prolonged hospitalization, respectively. The additional cost due to pocket hematoma was lower (1.5 times) in the treatment group compared to the control group. There wasn't antidromic infection and delayed cure of the skin incision with the use of our drainage device within 6 months. Our portable drainage device was made up easily and quickly. It could decrease the total cost of hospitalization, did not increase the other adverse events and seemed to be suitable for such patients with a tendency to develop pocket hematoma undergoing the implantation of pectoral pacemakers, implantable cardioverter defibrillator, or cardiac resynchronization therapy.
A two-step screening method with the environmental factors and service radius of electric vehicle charging stations considered is presented to identify the candidate sites of electric vehicle charging stations.A mathematical model for optimizing electric vehicle charging stations is developed and solved by a modified primal-dual interior point algorithm.This model takes the minimization of electric vehicle charging stations total cost(including investment cost,operation cost and maintenance cost) and the network loss cost as the objective function,and some related constraints are considered.The modified IEEE 123-node distribution system illustrates the essential features of the developed model and algorithm.
Objective Adropin, a newly identified regulatory protein encoded by Enho gene, suppressed tumor necrosis factor α‐induced THP 1 monocyte adhesion to human umbilical vein endothelial cells. In addition, inflammation is demonstrated to be involved in the mechanism of atrial fibrillation ( AF ). Atrial remodeling is correlated with the persistence and progression of AF . Adropin is hypothesized to correlated with AF and atrial remodeling. This study aims to determine the correlation of serum adropin and the presence of AF and remodeling. Methods This study consisted of 344 AF patients and 210 healthy controls. AF patients were then divided into three subgroups of paroxysmal AF , persistent AF , and permanent AF . Serum adropin concentrations were examined using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay method. Left atrial diameter ( LAD ) was measured to evaluate atrial remodeling. Results Decreased serum adropin concentrations were found in AF patients compared with healthy controls. Logistic regression analysis confirmed that serum adropin was inversely associated with the presence of AF ( OR 0.218, 95% CI 0.15‐0.316; P < 0.001). Permanent AF patients had significantly reduced serum adropin concentrations compared with persistent and paroxysmal AF patients. There were decreased serum adropin concentrations in persistent AF group than those in paroxysmal AF group. Simple linear regression analyses showed that serum adropin in AF patients were negatively correlated with BMI , SBP , and LAD . Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that LAD remained to be inversely associated with serum adropin (β = 0.2, P = 0.010). Conclusion Serum adropin concentrations are inversely correlated with the presence of AF and atrial remodeling.
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