Previous studies have shown that curcumin derivatives can improve the fatty degeneration of liver tissue that occurs in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the specific mechanism for that improvement remains unclear. We examined whether the curcumin derivative galangin could reduce the fatty degeneration of liver tissue in mice with NAFLD by inducing autophagy, from the perspective of both prevention and treatment.C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned to a prevention group (given galangin and a HFD simultaneously) or a treatment group (given galangin after being fed an HFD). The prevention group was treated with galangin (100 mg/kg/d) or an equal volume of normal saline (NS) while being fed an HFD. Some mice were treated with an autophagy inhibitor (3-methyladenine, 3-MA; 30 mg/kg/biwk, i.p.) while being fed an HFD and galangin. HepG2 cells were cultured in DMEM medium containing both free fatty acids and galangin.Galangin was found to reduce the fatty degeneration of liver tissue induced by eating an HFD at both the prevention and treatment levels, and that effect might be related to an enhancement of hepatocyte autophagy. Inhibition of autophagy by 3-MA blocked the protective effect of galangin on hepatic steatosis. At the cellular level, galangin reduced lipid accumulation and enhanced the level of hepatocyte autophagy.In vitro and in vivo studies showed that galangin cannot only improve pre-existing hepatic steatosis but also prevent the development of stenosis by promoting hepatocyte autophagy.
Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease. Oridonin is an effective component isolated from Rabdosia rubescens. It can inhibit the activation of transcription factor nuclear factor-kappa B and suppress the over expression of cytokines. We postulated that oridonin may be a potential therapeutic candidate for Crohn's disease.To confirm the postulation, we investigated clinical and immunologic modulations of oridonin in a mouse model of trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced colitis.It was found that oridonin attenuated trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced colitis as represented by a reduction in colonic interferon-γ/inteleukin-17 secretion and a decrement in splenic Th1/Th17 cells and effector memory CD4(+) T cells. Oridonin treatment inhibited the proliferation of CD4(+) T cells and upregulated the apoptosis of lymphocytes by inhibiting nuclear translocation of transcription factor nuclear factor-kappa B.Oridonin is a potential modulator for trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced colitis and other Th1/Th17 mediated inflammatory diseases.
Totally laparoscopic distal gastrectomy (TLDG) using intracorporeal anastomosis has gradually developed due to advancements in laparoscopic surgical instruments. However, totally laparoscopic total gastrectomy (TLTG) with intracorporeal esophagojejunostomy (IE) is still uncommon because of technical difficulties. Herein, we evaluated various types of IE after TLTG in terms of the technical aspects. We compared the short-term operative outcomes between TLTG with IE and laparoscopy-assisted total gastrectomy (LATG) with extracorporeal esophagojejunostomy (EE).Between March 2006 and December 2014, a total of 213 patients with gastric cancer underwent TLTG and LATG. Overall, 92 patients underwent TLTG with IE, and 121 patients underwent LATG with EE. Generally, there are two methods of IE: mechanical staplers (circular or linear staplers) and hand-sewn sutures. Surgical efficiencies and outcomes were compared between two groups. We also described various types of IE using a subgroup analysis.The mean operation times were similar in the two groups, as was the number of retrieved lymph nodes. However, the mean estimated blood loss of TLTG was statistically lower than LATG. There were no significant differences in time to first flatus, the time to restart oral intake, the length of the hospital stay after operation, and postoperative complications. Four types of IE have been applied after TLTG, including 42 cases of hand-sewn IE. The overall mean operation time and the mean anastomotic time in TLTG were 279.5 ± 38.4 min and 52.6 ± 18.9 min respectively. There was no case of conversion to open procedure. Postoperative complication occurred in 16 patients (17.4%) and no postoperative mortality occurred.IE is a feasible procedure and can be safely performed for TLTG with the proper laparoscopic expertise. It is technically feasible to perform hand-sewn IE after TLTG, which can reduce the cost of the laparoscopic procedure.
Objective To detect parallelly the pattern of p53 gene point mutation from the paraffin specimen of hepatic cellular cancer(HCC).Methods Oligonucleotide chip which spoted 7 altofrequency mutation sites according to international data base of p53 gene mutation was designed,and p53 point mutation was detected with the technique of oligonucleotide chips.Results The frequency of p53 point mutation from the groups of HCC high and low occurrence were 64 3% and 14 3% respectively, P 0 05,and the main mutational form was 249ser (77 8%,among all mutation).Conclusions The point mutational hotspot of p53 gene from HCC high prevalent occurs at coding region 249(G T).Oligonucleotide chips can be applied to detect gene point mutation parallelly,high efficiently and at multipoint. China J Cancer Prev Treat,2003,10(5):452-454
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a kind of autoimmune inflammatory connective tissue disease which seriously endangers human health. Genetic factors play a key role in the pathogenesis of SLE. This study aims to investigate a novel phospholipase D2 (PLD2) mutation associated with familial SLE, and further explore the underlying mechanism of the mutation in SLE.
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