Marine fishery plays an important role in the Dalian economic development.In recent years,however,the development of the Dalian marine fishery has been increasingly constrained by the problems of environment and resources: the marine fishing industry has been faced with the increasing deflation of fishing ground;the fishery resources have been close to exhaustion;both the current fishing equipment and technology have lagged behind;the fishing cost has significantly increased;and the fishery economic efficiency has been increasingly dclining.Furthermore,the severely damaged aquacultural environment,the low-level aquacultural organization,the aquaccultural workers' generally low quality,the continuous cost increase of the aquacultural feed and so on all constitute a great restraint for the development of marine aquaculture.In view of such a trend of the Dalian marine fishery industry it is suggested that the readjustment of fishery structure be accelerated to exercise the strategic shift of marine fishery;the variety replacement of marine aquaculture be quickened,the scale of the main marine aquacultural variety be increased,and the brand-name marine aquacultural products be produced and developed;great efforts be made to develop modern fishery and both the output and quality of fishery be improved in every way;and the marine fishery be governed by law in order to create a good legal environment for the healthy sustainable fishery development.
Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic metal and an environmental pollutant and can cause neurotoxicity by inducing apoptosis. Fas (CD95/Apo-1) is a cell-surface receptor that triggers apoptosis upon ligand binding, mediated through the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. However, the role and regulatory mechanism of Fas in Cd-induced neuronal apoptosis remain understudied. Here, we demonstrate that activation of caspase-8 and the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway are mechanisms underlying Cd-induced Fas-mediated activation of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in rat cerebral cortical neurons. In vitro, Cd induced apoptosis in primary cortical neurons by activating caspase-8, JNK, and the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. Fas knockdown enhanced cell viability in the presence of Cd and inhibited apoptosis by blocking Cd-activated Fas, caspase-8, and JNK. Fas knockdown also inhibited the decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential, cleavage of caspase-9/3 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1, and impaired nuclear translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor and endonuclease G. In vivo, Fas knockdown alleviated Cd-induced neuronal injury and inhibited apoptosis, activation of caspase-8, JNK, and mitochondrial apoptotic pathways in rat cerebral cortical neurons. In summary, our results demonstrate that Cd-activated Fas relays apoptotic signals from the cell surface to the mitochondria via caspase-8 and JNK activation in rat cerebral cortical neurons, leading to aggravation of the neuronal injury.
Molecular dynamics simulations were carried out to investigate the effect of pH on structure and stability of collagen-like peptide. All simulations were performed using the consistent valence force field (CVFF) molecular mechanical force field and isothermal-isobaric ensemble (NPT). The initial geometries of the collagen-like peptide were from an X-ray crystallographic structure. Some analyses from the molecular dynamics trajectories have been completed. The results show that the diameter of collagen-like peptide increases and the volume swells obviously in basic environment; however, the size of peptide changes slightly in acidic environment. The stability of collagen-like peptide decreases in acid and basic environment comparing to neutral environment based on root mean square deviation (RMSD). The number of hydrogen bond formed by peptide has a tendency to decrease in both acidic and basic environment. The average of intra-molecular H-bond is minimal under basic condition, and the average of inter-molecular H-bond between amino acid residues and water molecules is minimal under acid condition. The radial distribution function (RDF) shows that side-chain oxygen atoms are easier to form hydrogen bonds with water than side-chain nitrogen atoms. The interaction of various amino acid residues with water is position dependent. Distance between two triple helices increases markedly under highly basic condition, but changes slightly under highly acidic condition.
N-doped biochars (AL-N/BC) were prepared by pyrolyzing lignin in various temperatures which manifested superefficient performance for uranium (U) recycling from nuclear wastewater. The optimist AL-N/BC-700 has showed high adsorption capacity of 25000 mg/g, fast kinetics (4100 g∙min-1∙mg-1), and excellent adsorption- desorption capability (adsorption efficiency > 90% and desorption efficiency > 70% after 12 cycles). Moreover, the high applicability of AL-N/BC-700 in nuclear wastewater was verified by its excellent U(VI) adsorption performance in broad working pH range, various water matrices, and high irradiation stability. Furthermore, the chemisorption mechanism was systematically unveiled by using various spectroscopy evidences and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The graphitic N in carbon matrix was found to play a crucial role in the superefficient U(VI) adsorption for the first time, rather than pyridinic N or pyrrolic N. Overall, this work presents an applicable approach for alleviating the increasingly serious energy crisis via recycling U(VI) from nuclear wastewater.
Life cycle assessment (LCA) was applied to compare environmental impacts of a chrome tanning system (CTS) using basic chrome sulfate (Cr), a chrome-free metal tanning system (CFMTS) using complexes of highly oxidized starch and Al–Zr (HOS–AZ), and a metal-free tanning system (MFTS) using oxidized sodium alginate (OSA). The preparation processes of Cr, HOS–AZ, and OSA were first evaluated by LCA to make the life cycle inventory available for their tanning systems. Life cycle impact assessment results showed that Cr, HOS–AZ, and OSA were the most significant substance factors in their tanning operations. The tanning operation was the main contributor to the environmental impacts of a tanning system followed by retanning and fatliquoring operations. The environmental impacts on resource consumption and climate change presented CTS > CFMTS > MFTS, while those on ecosystem quality and human health were comparable. The MFTS is a more sustainable tanning system for leather production. This work provides basic data support for the ecological design of leather products and gives new insights into the LCA of complex leather processing systems.
'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(23.036 .093 25.536)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(45.87 1.273 16.18)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(69.945 .996 12.078)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(20.66 -19.689 31.932)'/%3e%3c/svg%3e)