This research proposes to construct a new teaching mode for oral business English based on production-oriented approach. The author first explores the theory and principles of POA, and then construct and implement the POA teaching mode for oral business English teaching through a real example of teaching practice.
Background Congenital heart defects (CHDs) affect 40,000 U.S. infants annually. One fourth of these infants have a critical CHD, requiring intervention within the first year of life for survival. Over 80% of CHDs have an unknown etiology. Fine particulate matter ≤2.5 (PM 2.5 ) and ozone (O 3 ) may be air pollutants associated with CHD. Objectives The purpose of this study was to explore relationships between first-trimester maternal exposure to air pollutants PM 2.5 and O 3 and a critical CHD diagnosis. Methods A retrospective cohort study with nested case controls was conducted using data from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2016, and consisted of 199 infants with a diagnosed critical CHD and 550 controls. Air pollution data were obtained from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency air monitors. Geographic information system software was used to geocode monitoring stations and infant residential locations. Data analysis included frequencies, chi-square, independent t -test analysis, and binary logistic regression for two time periods: the entire first trimester (Weeks 1–12) and the critical exposure window (Weeks 3–8 gestation). Results Critical CHD odds were not significantly increased by exposure during the first trimester. However, weekly analyses revealed CHD odds were higher in Weeks 5 and 8 as PM 2.5 increased and decreased in Week 11 with increased O 3 exposure. Discussion Our study shows no evidence to support the overall association between air pollutants PM 2.5 and O 3 and a critical CHD diagnosis. However, analyses by week suggested vulnerability in certain weeks of gestation and warrant additional surveillance and study.
The objectives of this paper are (1) to examine patterns of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior; (2) to describe development of a method to quantify movement dispersion; and (3) to determine the relationship between variables of movement (i.e., volume, intensity, and dispersion), volume of sedentary behavior, and estimated cardiorespiratory capacity in school-aged children.
Abstract Introduction Telehealth's potential to improve access to specialty health care, increase favorable patient outcomes, and save money demands attention. Unfortunately, patients often fail to embrace telehealth. The COVID‐19 pandemic fueled greater telehealth usage globally. Little is known about patient perceptions of telehealth in the context of a pandemic. Therefore, we sought to understand patient perceptions of telehealth during the COVID‐19 pandemic and explore relevant policy implications. Design Researchers used a cross‐sectional, non‐experimental design to survey 366 patients across two telehealth programs at a Mississippi academic health sciences center between November 1, 2021 and November 15, 2021. Methods As part of a larger, psychometric study on patient acceptance of telehealth, participants rated the item, “The COVID‐19 pandemic has made me more open to using telehealth” on a 5‐point Likert scale (1 = strongly disagree; 5 = strongly agree). Means of the different groups were analyzed using independent t ‐test and one‐way ANOVA with Bonferroni post‐hoc multiple comparisons. Results Of the total participants, 73% ( n = 366) either agreed or strongly agreed that the COVID‐19 pandemic had made them more open to using telehealth. Significant differences existed by age ( p = 0.016), race/ethnicity ( p = 0.015), and sex ( p < 0.001), however, groups did not differ by age during post‐hoc analysis. A significant difference in the mean responses was observed between black participants (M = 4.29) and white participants (M = 3.91; p = 0.011). In addition, female participants (M = 4.11) rated the item higher than male participants (M = 3.65). Conclusion As access to telehealth increased due to the COVID‐19 pandemic, patients' perceptions to telehealth seem to have shifted in the positive direction as well. Findings may be used to support expansion of telehealth and advocacy for patients in a variety of settings. Clinical Relevance Study findings indicate that participants of telehealth are more open to using telehealth due to the COVID‐19 pandemic. Implementing telehealth should be a priority to increase access to care for those who have limited access to specialty care, and policymakers should advocate to decrease barriers to telehealth within their institutions.
Background: Both cadmium (Cd) and bisphenol A (BPA) are commonly encountered in humans' daily activities, but their combined genotoxic effects remain unclear. Methods: In the present study, we exposed a mouse embryonic fibroblast cell line (NIH3T3) to Cd for 24 h, followed by a 24 h BPA exposure to evaluate toxicity. The cytotoxicity was evaluated by viability with CCK-8 assay and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was measured by 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA). And DNA damage was measured by 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), phosphorylated H2AX (γH2AX) and the comet assay. The flow cytometry was used to detect cell cycle distribution, and apoptosis was determined by TUNEL assay and western blot against poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP). Results: The results showed that Cd or BPA treatments alone (with the exception of BPA exposure at 50 μM) did not alter cell viability. However, pre-treatment with Cd aggravated the BPA-induced reduction in cell viability; increased BPA-induced LDH release, ROS production, DNA damage and G2 phase arrest; and elevated BPA-induced TUNEL-positive cells and the expression levels of cleaved PARP. Cd exposure concurrently decreased the expression of 8-oxoguanine-DNA glycosylase-1 (OGG1), whereas OGG1 over-expression abolished the enhancement of Cd on BPA-induced genotoxicity and cytotoxicity. Conclusion: These findings indicate that Cd exposure aggravates BPA-induced genotoxicity and cytotoxicity through OGG1 inhibition.
Abstract Background Opioid use has risen dramatically in recent years, and its illegal use puts first responders at risk when intervening in overdoses. Synthetic opioids, like fentanyl with a potency 50 to 100 times greater than morphine, pose a great risk and accidental exposure via ingestion, inhalation, mucosal, or percutaneous routes, can potentially lead to fatal outcomes. Anecdotal media accounts in early 2017 of accidental occupational opioid exposure among first responders generated a national concern. Methods To identify first responders' recollections, beliefs, and concerns about possible occupational exposure to opioids and other drugs, researchers in Kentucky, Virginia, Mississippi, and Georgia administered an emailed, anonymous convenience sample survey. Results A total of 5955 surveys were analyzed with 15% of respondents reporting they believed they had been exposed to opioids, and of those, less than 1% reported experiencing health effects from perceived exposure. Over half (51%) of respondents reported being “very or somewhat concerned” about developing health effects from exposure to opioids. Half of respondents reported being unaware of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)/National Institutes for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) guidelines for preventing occupational‐related opioid exposures. Conclusions Only a small fraction of first responders believed they had experienced symptoms related to opioid exposure in overdose response calls, but half were concerned about potential exposures and half were unaware of the educational guidance on prevention available. The high level of concern regarding potential exposure warrants the need for the development and or enhancement of targeted educational training interventions and further dissemination of pre‐existing training interventions to ensure first responders have the knowledge and understanding of occupational opioid exposures and minimize stress associated with the potential rare exposures.
Abstract Purpose Adolescents need at least 60 min of physical activity (PA) every day. Yet, the number of minutes of daily PA steadily decreases from childhood through adolescence. This occurs despite evidence that high levels of PA and limited minutes of sedentary behavior (SB) decrease the incidence of heart disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, and cancer. Motivational interviewing (MI) is a behavioral counseling technique that focuses on behavior change areas, such as diet and PA. This research aimed to evaluate a brief nurse‐led virtual MI (vMI) intervention to guide youth toward increased PA compared to an attention control group. Design and Methods Participants completed the Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire (BREQ‐2) and wore an ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometer on their dominant wrist for 8 days to operationalize SB and PA. Participants in the treatment group rec an individual vMI session, while attention‐control group participants received an individual education session. All participants received follow‐up calls from the researcher or assistant at Weeks 4 and 8. During the calls, those in the treatment group received follow‐up MI, while the control group asked follow‐up questions about information received during the education session. At 12 weeks, all participants repeated the BREQ‐2 survey and wore the accelerometer again for 7 days. Results The total number of participants was 19. At post‐intervention, the treatment group had a significant decline in the frequency of prolonged SB > 60 min ( p = .001) and a nonsignificant increase in the average length of moderate‐to‐vigorous PA bouts >10 min ( p = .058). The treatment group had significant increases in two levels of autonomous motivation—identified ( p < .001) and intrinsic ( p = .003). The overall autonomous motivation score for the BREQ‐2 significantly increased in the treatment group ( p < .001). Practice Implications The study revealed promise for vMI to positively impact PA among adolescents. However, for a novice in performing MI, a nurse‐led MI session elicited change talk in participants toward individualized changes to improve health behaviors.
Through the discussion on the operation status and existing problems of the coordinated development of human resources and regional economy in Colleges and universities, this paper establishes an index system, constructs an evaluation model of the coordinated development of human resources and regional economy in Colleges and universities through analytic hierarchy process, takes a university as an application example, carries out qualitative and quantitative research, and obtains more objective and fair evaluation results, So as to enhance the vitality of the coordinated development of human resources in Colleges and universities and regional economy, and provide a guarantee for the sustainability of the coordinated development of human resources in Colleges and universities and regional economy.
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