A HPLC method for determination of estradiol patches and its related substances——estriol and estron was presented. A C_ 18 column was used with the mobile phase of acetonitrile-water (38∶62), at the detection wavelength of 230 nm. Estradiol was determined by the internal standard method with ethyl p -hydroxybenzoate as the internal standard, estriol and estron were determined by the external method. The calibration curve of estradiol was linear in the concentration range of 40～400 μg/ml( r= 0.9999 ). The average recovery was 99.6% ( RSD 1.5%). The detection limits of estriol and estron were 0.06 and 0.09 μg/ml,respectively.
To investigate the iron utilization of prepubertal female children.27 female children from 10 to 12 years old were selected and given 57Fe as a tracer, in conventional diet mode, the blood samples in 1 day before test, 14 days and 28 days after tracer given were taken, and were conducted into red blood cell sample. The iron content and changes of isotope abundance in samples were analyzed and combined with blood volume to get the utilization of iron in RBC.The erythrocyte incorporation rate( of dose) in 14 days and 28 days were (19.84 +/- 0.53)% and (18.75 +/- 0.40)% (P > 0.05). The erythrocyte incorporation rate( of absorption) were (93.49 +/- 2.27)% and (88.73 +/- 0.43)% respectively, and there was a significantly difference (P < 0.05).It is feasible and accurate to evaluate the iron utilization using erythrocyte incorporation rate, which is tested by single stable isotopes tracer technique. Prepubertal female children has a higher utilization of iron, and the 14 days after tracer given is a effective entry point in erythrocyte incorporation study.
This work presents evidence that the atrial specific granule (ASG) is one of the intracellular calcium stores (ICaSs). First, a high calcium (Ca) concentration up to 81 mmol/kg dry wt. in ASG was determined by using an electron microscopic x-ray microanalysis technique. Second, Ca2+-ATPase was observed on the membranes of ASG and of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) by using the cytochemical technique. Third, the activities of the Ca2+-ATPase on both the ASG membrane and on the SR memebrane were inhibited by 0.1 mM quercetin, but not by 0.1mM oligomycin. Because SR is an established ICaS, the similarities found in the present work between ASG and SR led us to postulate that ASG may be an ICaS in atrial cardiocytes, and that the Ca2+-ATPase on ASG membrane may pump Ca2+ from cytosol into ASG and thus play a role in maintaining the high Ca concentration in it.
Background New evidence implies that the imbalance of gut microbiota is associated with the progression of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and that the composition of gut microbiota is altered in ALD patients. However, the predominant bacterium in patients involved in the progress of ALD has not been identified. The purpose of this study is to investigate the predominant bacterium in the early and end-stages of ALD as well as the relationship between the bacterium and the degree of liver injury. Methods We enrolled 21 alcoholic fatty liver (AFL) patients, 17 alcoholic liver cirrhosis (ALC) patients and 27 healthy controls, and sequenced the 16S rRNA gene of their fecal microbiota. The gut microbiota composition and its relationship with the indicators of clinical hepatic function were assessed using canonical correspondence analysis (CCA), spearman correlation heatmap and multivariate association with linear (MaAsLin) Models. Results The composition and structure of gut microbiota changed greatly in different stages of ALD, and the degree of disorder was aggravated with the progression of ALD, even in the early stage. Moreover, the relative abundance of Streptococcus was highly enriched only in patients with ALC (P <0.001), and positively correlated with AST level (P = 0.029). The abundance of Streptococcus distinguished the liver injury of ALC patients from the controls with an area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.877 (P < 0.001). Conclusions These findings indicate that the imbalance of gut microbiota exists at the early and end-stages of ALD, and the degree of disorder is aggravated with the progression of ALD. Streptococcus , as the predominant bacterium, may be a microbiological marker to evaluate the severity of liver injury in ALD patients.
OBJECTIVE To study pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of sodium pantoprazole enteric-coated micro-pilll capsules and the reference.METHODS A reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography was used for the determination of pantoprazole in plasma after a single oral dose of 40 mg sodium pantoprazole enteric-coated micro-pill capsules and enteric-coated capsule in a crossover design.RESULTS The main pharmacokinetic parameters of sodium pantoprazole enteric-coated micro-pill capsules and enteric-coated capsule were:AUC_(0→12)((9 275.2)±(1 528.3) μg)·h·L~(-1) and((8 864.1)±(1 618.4) μg)·h·L~(-1),AUC_(0→∞)((9353.5)±(1 518.0) μg)·h·L~(-1) and((8 941.9)±(1 625.8) μg)·h·L~(-1);C_(max)((3 196.1)±(478.0)) μg·L~(-1) and((3 298.4)±(557.2)) μg·L~(-1);t_(max)((1.90)±(0.26) h) and((2.02)±(0.19) h),respectively.The relative bioavailability of the test capsule was((108.0)±(26.4))%.CONCLUSION The sodium pantoprazole Enteric-coated micro-pill capsules and enteric-coated capsule are bioequivalent.
In our previous study, we used a comparative proteomic approach based on 2DE to profile dynamic proteomes of cotton fibers and found 235 protein spots differentially expressed during the elongation process ranging from 5 to 25 days post-anthesis. Of them, only 106 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified by MS due to database limitations at the time. In the present work, we successfully identified the remaining 129 DEPs from the same experimental system using high-resolution MS with an updated database. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that proteins involved in carbohydrate and protein metabolism, transport, and redox homeostasis are the most abundant, and glycolysis was found to be the most significantly regulated process during fiber elongation. Our high-confidence reference dataset, composed of 235 DEPs, provides a valuable resource for future studies on the molecular mechanism of cotton fiber elongation.
ABSTRACT Background The current investigation aims to analyze the occurrence of thalassemia in patients who participated in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) testing in clinical laboratory showing high hemoglobin F (HbF) level (≥ 1.5%) or abnormal Hb peak and predict the main influence factors by using different statistical models. Methods The current investigation is a single‐center retrospective cohort study. HbA1c concentration was detected by using TOSOH HLC‐723G8 glycated hemoglobin analyzer. SNaPshot SNP (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism) typing and AccuCopy technology were employed to detect mutations in thalassemia‐related pathogenic genes. Results A total of 126 patients endured high HbF levels or abnormal Hb peak during HbA1c detection, and 66.7% of subjects ( n = 84) showed thalassemia mutations. Three heterozygosity mutations, including c.52A>T (p.K18*), c.‐78A>G, and c.126_129delCTTT(p.F42Lfs*19) present in HBB gene, were also identified. ‐‐ SEA /αα mutation demonstrated the youngest ages ( p < 0.001). 17 M ( p < 0.001) and 41/42 M ( p < 0.01) mutations with β‐thalassemia showed higher HbF levels compared with patients without thalassemia mutations. Except for ‐α 3.7 , mutations in thalassemia showed lower levels of mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) compared with patients without thalassemia mutations. Patients with thalassemia mutations showed younger age ( p < 0.001), lower Hb ( p < 0.001), MCV and MCH levels ( p < 0.001), higher red blood cell (RBC) count ( p < 0.001), and platelet distribution width (PDW) level ( p = 0.007) than patients without thalassemia mutations. Three statistical models indicate MCV is the most valuable independent factor for predicting thalassemia and ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curves analysis of AUC (Area Under the Curve) of 0.855 (95% CI [0.787–0.923], p < 0.001) with MCV. Conclusion High HbF level (≥ 1.5%) or abnormal Hb peak present in HbA1c testing indicated high incident rate of thalassemia. MCV is the most valuable independent predicting factor for subjects having thalassemia.
University of Minnesota Ph.D. dissertation. January 2010. Major: Chemistry. Advisors: Professor Peter W. Carr, Professor Philippe Buhlmann. 1 computer file (PDF); xviii, 231 pages.
Introduction: Allogeneic human umbilical mesenchymal stem cells (alloMSC) are convenient cell source for stem cell based therapy. However, immune rejection is a major obstacle for clinical applicat...
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