Abstract Background Maize ( Zea mays L.) is at the vanguard facing the upcoming breeding challenges. However, both a super pan-genome for the Zea genus and a comprehensive genetic variation map for maize breeding are still lacking. Results Here, we construct an approximately 6.71-Gb pan- Zea genome that contains around 4.57-Gb non-B73 reference sequences from fragmented de novo assemblies of 721 pan- Zea individuals. We annotate a total of 58,944 pan- Zea genes and find around 44.34% of them are dispensable in the pan- Zea population. Moreover, 255,821 common structural variations are identified and genotyped in a maize association mapping panel. Further analyses reveal gene presence/absence variants and their potential roles during domestication of maize. Combining genetic analyses with multi-omics data, we demonstrate how structural variants are associated with complex agronomic traits. Conclusions Our results highlight the underexplored role of the pan- Zea genome and structural variations to further understand domestication of maize and explore their potential utilization in crop improvement.
This file details for each cell type mean fold coverage (for CpG methylation sequencing) and total aligned reads (for RNA-Seq and ChIP-Seq). (XLSX 10 kb)
To investigate the methylation status of CpG islands of the secreted frizzled-related protein (SFRP) gene promoter region in malignant hematopoietic cell lines, and to explore the possible relationship of CpG abnormal methylation status with pathogenic mechanism of hematologic malignancies. Methylation-specific PCR was used to detect the status of SFRP gene promoter region in nine malignant hematopoietic cell lines and peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy people. The results indicated that hypermethylation of 2 genes coding for SFRP1 and 2 were present in nine malignant hematopoietic cell lines, however, methylation and unmethylation of SFRP4 were both detected in CA46, HL60 and U937 cell lines, and SFRP5 in U266 as well. None of the normal mononuclear cells showed methylation of SFRP 1-5 genes. It is concluded that the hypermethylation of SFRP genes is related to the evolution of malignant hematopoiesis. Methylation of SFRP genes may serve as potential independent biomarkers for early detection of hematologic malignancies.
Economic profit-driven food adulteration has become widespread in the dairy industry. One of the most common forms of dairy adulteration is the substitution of low-priced milk for high-priced milk. This has prompted regulatory authorities to focus on various means of authenticity testing. So far, many methods have been developed. Since milk adulteration has been upgraded, which has forced the testing methods to meet the needs of detection, which include DNA-based PCR methods. PCR and PCR-derived methods exhibit multiple advantages for authenticity testing, such as high stability, fast speed, and high efficiency, which meet the needs of modern testing. Therefore, it is important to develop rapid, reliable, and inexpensive PCR-based assays for dairy adulteration identification. In order to provide perspectives for improving adulteration identification methods, this review first summarizes the DNA extraction methods, then compares the advantages and disadvantages of various PCR authenticity testing methods, and finally proposes the directions for improving dairy product adulteration identification methods.
'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(23.036 .093 25.536)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(45.87 1.273 16.18)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(69.945 .996 12.078)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(20.66 -19.689 31.932)'/%3e%3c/svg%3e)
'%3e%3cpath fill='%23012169' d='M0 0v30h60V0z'/%3e%3cpath stroke='%23fff' stroke-width='6' d='m0 0 60 30m0-30L0 30'/%3e%3cpath stroke='%23C8102E' stroke-width='4' d='m0 0 60 30m0-30L0 30' clip-path='url(%23b)'/%3e%3cpath stroke='%23fff' stroke-width='10' d='M30 0v30M0 15h60'/%3e%3cpath stroke='%23C8102E' stroke-width='6' d='M30 0v30M0 15h60'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3c/svg%3e)
