The increasing demand for electrical energy storage makes it essential to explore alternative battery chemistries that overcome the energy-density limitations of the current state-of-the-art lithium-ion batteries. In this scenario, lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs) stand out due to the low cost, high theoretical capacity, and sustainability of sulfur. However, this battery technology presents several intrinsic limitations that need to be addressed in order to definitively achieve its commercialization. Herein, we report the fruitfulness of three different formulations using well-selected functional carbonaceous additives for sulfur cathode development, an in-house synthesized graphene-based porous carbon (ResFArGO), and a mixture of commercially available conductive carbons (CAs), as a facile and scalable strategy for the development of high-performing LSBs. The additives clearly improve the electrochemical properties of the sulfur electrodes due to an electronic conductivity enhancement, leading to an outstanding C-rate response with a remarkable capacity of 2 mA h cm-2 at 1C and superb capacities of 4.3, 4.0, and 3.6 mA h cm-2 at C/10 for ResFArGO10, ResFArGO5, and CAs, respectively. Moreover, in the case of ResFArGO, the presence of oxygen functional groups enables the development of compact high sulfur loading cathodes (>4 mgS cm-2) with a great ability to trap the soluble lithium polysulfides. Notably, the scalability of our system was further demonstrated by the assembly of prototype pouch cells delivering excellent capacities of 90 mA h (ResFArGO10 cell) and 70 mA h (ResFArGO5 and CAs cell) at C/10.
The mineral technology characteristics of Sulfur-Arsenic-Tin mineral mixtures has been studied in this paper. The separation of Sulfur-Arsenic mineral has been carried out and gained a good result of the separation.
Several problems arise at the O2 (positive) electrode in the Li-air battery, including solvent/electrode decomposition and electrode passivation by insulating Li2O2. Progress partially depends on exploring the basic electrochemistry of O2 reduction. Here we describe the effect of complexing-cations on the electrochemical reduction of O2 in DMSO in the presence and absence of a Li salt. The solubility of alkaline peroxides in DMSO is enhanced by the complexing-cations, consistent with their strong interaction with reduced O2. The complexing-cations also increase the rate of the 1-electron O2 reduction to O2•– by up to six-fold (k° = 2.4 ×10–3 to 1.5 × 10–2 cm s–1) whether or not Li+ ions are present. In the absence of Li+, the complexing-cations also promote the reduction of O2•– to O22–. In the presence of Li+ and complexing-cations, and despite the interaction of the reduced O2 with the latter, SERS confirms that the product is still Li2O2.
Virtual microassembly technology can avoid the problem that the focal depth and the viewing field of microscope are too small.But when building virtual scene there are too many assembly environment data and the efficiency is lower.Using the CAD data produced by the micro-parts can reduce the amount of the environment data and improve efficiency.The virtual environment is constructed using the focus-defocus theory of microscope and the CAD model,and the depth information of microscope is integrated in the servo control equation.By these methods the complex path can be programmed and the complicated micro-assemble task can be completed.The simulation and the experimentation indicate that these methods are feasible.
Starting with the characteristics of perishable hitech products, the authors analyzed of the differences between perishable hi-tech products with general industry products, combined with the theory of supply chain. From the view of research and application point, analysis of how to coordination the supply chain of perishable hi-tech products, we draw some significant conclusions that solve the problem of the supply chain of perishable hi-tech products can improve profitability and enhance the competitiveness of enterprises.
对贵州省麦岗水库沉积物环境磁性特征的研究表明,亚铁磁性矿物主导了沉积物矿物磁性特征,但同时也存在反铁磁性矿物等其他矿物,超顺磁颗粒在沉积物中广泛存在.在所选矿物磁性参数中,χlf、χfd、SOFT与粒度不相关;χARM、SIRM、F300与粒度相关,但相关系数不高;χARM/χlf、χARM/SIRM和粒度显著相关,可以作为粒度的代用指标.研究结果显示,磁性参数确实可以作为粒度的代用指标.但对比研究表明,在不同沉积环境,甚至相似沉积环境的沉积物中,矿物磁性参数和粒度的关系可能不同,在特定沉积环境中,利用磁性参数作为粒度的代用指标应该在充分研究的基础上进行,使研究结果更为可靠.;Three sediment cores were extracted from Maigang Reservoir, located in the southwest of Guizhou Province, China. Ferrimagnetic minerals are the main magnetic minerals of the sediments. There are also other magnetic minerals, for instance, antiferromagnetic component. Super-paramagnetic grains were widely observed in the sediments. There is no significant relationship between mineral magnetic parameters, χlf, χfd, SOFT and textural parameters. Mineral magnetic parameters, χARM, SIRM, F300 is correlated with textural parameters but with low correlation coefficients; Given the significant correlations between χARM/χlf, χARM/SIRM and textural parameters, χARM/χlf, and χARM/SIRM can be used as a proxy of particle size. Results presented here do indicate that mineral magnetic parameters can be used as a particle size proxy. These data and other studies on different environments demonstrate that the relationship between mineral magnetic parameters and textual properties can vary from different sedimentary environments even in the same overall sedimentary system, and in some circumstances, mineral magnetic parameters are not suitable to be particle size proxy. To employ magnetic characteristics as a particle size proxy, the mechanism behind the relationship between magnetic parameters and particle size should be explored fully for each sedimentary environment.
Abstract Understanding of solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation process in novel battery systems is of primary importance. Alongside increasing powerful in-situ techniques, searching for readily-accessible, non-invasive, and low-cost tools to probe battery chemistry is highly demanded. Here, we applied distribution of relaxation time (DRT) analysis to interpret in-situ electrochemical impedance spectroscopy results during cycling, which is able to distinguish various electrochemical processes based on their time constants. By building direct link between SEI layer and the cell performances, it allows us track the formation and evolution process of SEI layer, diagnose the failure of cell, and unveil the reaction mechanism. For instance, in a K-ion cell using SnS2/N-doped reduced graphene oxide (N-rGO) composite electrode, we found that the ion-transport in the electrolyte phase is the main reason of cell deterioration. In the electrolyte with potassium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (KFSI), the porous structure of the composite electrode was reinforced by rapid formation of a robust SEI layer at SnS2/electrolyte interface and thus the KFSI-based cell delivers a high capacity and good cycleability. This method lowers the barrier of in-situ EIS analysis, and helps public researchers to explore high-performance electrode materials.