The effects of pioglitazone on leptin-induced proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), proliferating nuclear antigen (PCNA) and leptin receptor (OB-R) mRNA and protein expressions were measured. The results showed that pioglitazone inhibied leptin-induced VSMCs proliferation as well as expression of PCNA and OB-R at both mRNA and protein levels. The maximum effect was at 100 μmol/L(P<0.01).
Key words:
Pioglitazone; Vascular smooth muscle cells; Leptin; Leptin receptor; Proliferating cell nuclear antigen
The cause of systemic lupus erythematosus is not completely clear so far, but the prevalence of systemic lupus erythematosus is significantly increased in people with additional X chromosomes.We report a 17-year-old Chinese female patient with systemic lupus erythematosus complicated with trisomy X, accompanied by lupus nephritis, pancytopenia, hemolytic anemia, and multiserous effusion. The patient recovered well after treatment and returned regularly. We review the previously reported cases to summarize the clinical characteristics of these patients.The additional X chromosome is related to the development of systemic lupus erythematosus. Whether it is a subtype of systemic lupus erythematosus remains to be further confirmed.
Abstract Plitidepsin, a marine-derived anticancer medicine, is being tested in phase III clinical trials for treating COVID-19. However, the current supply of plitidepsin relies on laborious chemical synthesis processes. Here, we present a new approach that combines microbial and chemical synthesis to produce plitidepsin. We screened a Tistrella strain library to identify a high-yield didemnin B producer, and then introduced a second copy of the didemnin biosynthetic gene cluster into its genome, resulting in the highest yield of didemnin B reported in the literature. Next, we developed two straightforward chemical strategies to convert didemnin B to plitidepsin, one of which involved a one-step synthetic route giving over 90% overall yield. We also synthesized two new didemnin analogues and assessed their anticancer and antiviral activities. Our findings offer a practical and sustainable solution for producing plitidepsin and its derivatives, potentially expediting didemnin drug development.
While socially responsible human resource management (SRHRM) has received markedly growing research attention, research is lacking on how the general CSR facilitating SRHRM-employee workplace attitudes and behavior relationship is weakened or strengthened by contextual factors. Drawing upon stakeholder theory (Freeman, 1984), in the current study we examine the conditional effect of job insecurity on the indirect relationship on between SRHRM and employee job engagement through the mediation of organizational pride. A high level of job insecurity is perceived to be a lack of organizational support. The analysis of the two-waved data with a sample of 255 fulltime employees in the banking sectors in Pakistan revealed that job insecurity and SRHRM interactively affect employee job engagement through the mediation of organizational pride. This study advances the understanding of the contextual condition under which SRHRM affects employee work attitudes and behavior.
Four families with type 2 diabetes and fifty-two type 2 diabetic patients, fifty-four non-diabetic healthy subjects were examined with the technique of PCR-SSCP and DNA direct sequencing in exon 17 and 20 of insulin receptor gene. The results suggest the two detected variations in GLY~(1008) and GLY~(1169) might be genetic markers for susceptibility to type 2 diabetes.
<b><i>Background:</i></b> Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies in China. Most HCC patients are first diagnosed at an advanced stage, and systemic treatments are the mainstay of treatment. <b><i>Summary:</i></b> In recent years, immune checkpoint inhibitors have made a breakthrough in the systemic treatment of middle-advanced HCC, breaking the single therapeutic pattern of molecular-targeted agents. To better guide the clinical treatment for effective and safe use of immunotherapeutic drugs, the Chinese Association of Liver Cancer and Chinese Medical Doctor Association has gathered multidisciplinary experts and scholars in relevant fields to formulate the “Chinese Clinical Expert Consensus on Immunotherapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2021)” based on current clinical studies and clinical medication experience for reference in China. <b><i>Key Messages:</i></b> The consensus contained 17 recommendations, including the preferred regimen for first- and second-line immunotherapy, evaluation and monitoring before/during/after treatment, management of complications, precautions for special patients, and potential population for immunotherapy.
Objective
To investigate the predictive effects of perspiration-nerve examination on diabetic automomic neuropathy (DAN) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Methods
A total of 164 T2DM outpatients and inpatients were recruited from August 2008 to December 2009 (male 88, female 76, aged 41 to 70 years, mean (56±11) years). They were divided into non-DAN symptom group (n=98) and DAN symptom positive group (n=66) according to neuropathy symptoms evaluation form, and also divided into cardiovascular reflex test (CRT) positive group (n=92) and CRT negative group (n=72). Another 40 healthy individuals were served as controls. The positive rate of these two assessment methods was calculated. All patients and healthy adult volunteers underwent perspiration-nerve test and Ou Minuo plaster color changing time test. Student's t test and Chi-square test were used for statistic analysis.
Results
DAN symptom positive rate in 164 T2DM patients was 40.2% (66/164), the positive rate of cardiovascular reflex test was 43.9% (72/164), and the perspiration-nerve test had the positive rate of 45.1%(74/164). There was no significant difference between positive rate in perspiration-nerve test, DAN symptom test and cardiovascular reflex test (χ2 values were 3.12 and 1.22, both P> 0.05). The positive rate of cardiovascular reflex test in patients with positive DAN symptoms was 63.6%(42/66), significantly higher than in patients with negative DAN symptoms (30.6% (30/98); χ2 =17.46, P<0.01). And the positive rate of perspiration-nerve test in patients with positive DAN symptoms was 90.9% (60/66), significantly higher than in patients with negative DAN symptoms (14.3% (14/98); χ2=93.51, P<0.01). In DAN symptom positive group, Ou Minuo plaster color changing time of the left and right foot was (18±6) and (18±6) min, significantly longer than that in the non-DAN symptom group (t values were 22.848 and 23.694, both P<0.01). In cardiovascular reflex test positive group, the positive rate of perspiration-nerve test was 94.4% (68/72), significantly higher than that in the cardiovascular reflex test negative group (6.5% (6/92); χ2=126.09, P<0.01). In the cardiovascular reflex test positive group, Ou Minuo plaster color changing time of the left and right foot was (21±6) and (22±6) min, significantly longer than that in the cardiovascular reflex test negative group (t values were 36.841 and 36.126, both P<0.01). Ou Minuo plaster color changing time was positively related to cardiovascular reflex test (r=0.67, P<0.01), and was negatively related with heart rate difference per minute with deep breathing (r=- 0.46), Valsalva index (r=-0.38) and 30/15 ratio (r=-0.32) (all P<0.01).
Conclusion
DAN in patients with T2DM could be detected early by using perspiration-nerve function evaluation.
Key words:
Diabetes mellitus, type 2; Cardiovascular reflex test; Perspiration
Pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) is a benign proliferative disorder that affects the synovial joints, bursae, and tendon sheaths. To date, few studies have reported on the treatment of postoperative pain and edema in patients with PVNS. Herein, we present the case of a woman who developed pain and edema in the left lower limb 1 wk after synovectomy and arthroscopic partial meniscectomy and was unable to walk due to limited flexion and extension of the left knee.
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