Abstract Background: Cognitive frailty relates to various adverse health outcomes of older adults and is proposed as a new target of healthy ageing. This study aimed to analyze the status, hotspots, and emerging trends / frontiers of global research on cognitive frailty. Methods: Articles and reviews related to cognitive frailty of older people published from 2013 to 2021 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database on 26 November 2021. CiteSpace 5.8.R3 was used to conduct the collaboration analysis, document co-citation analysis, and keyword co-occurrence analysis. Results: A total of 2,077 publications were included. There has been a rapid growth of publications on cognitive research since 2016. The United States, Italy, England, and Australia were the leading research centers of cognitive frailty; however, China has recently focused on this topic. The National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology and Shimada H. were found to be the most prolific institution and author, respectively. Co-citation analysis identified 16 clusters, of which the largest was cognitive frailty. The most frequently occurred keyword was older adult, followed by cognitive impairment, frailty, risk, dementia, prevalence, mortality, health, and Alzheimer’s disease. Burst keyword detection revealed a rising interest in cognitive frailty models. Conclusions: By analyzing the publications over the past years, this study provides a comprehensive analysis of cognitive frailty research. A variety of visualized networks offer an in-depth understanding of the countries / regions, institutions, authors, hotspots, and research frontiers.
The pharmacology experiment teaching is a specialized course and an important part of the whole process of pharmacology teaching.Its teaching effect has a direct bearing on the teaching quality of this specialty.For pharmacology experiment teaching,we reformed contents of the course,offered experiments of design,introduced the teaching methods of problem-based learning(PBL),analog heuristics,multimedia and audio-visual teaching,and emphasized the combination of theory with practice.All these measures can stir up students' interest and initiative in learning,foster their academic quality and innovative spirit,improve their abilities to analyze and solve problems and apply knowledge flexibly,which raises the quality of pharmacology experiment teaching.
<b><i>Background:</i></b> High myopia (HM) is a risk factor for several pathological structural changes in retinal and choroidal thickness or vessel. To date, changes in retinal and choroidal microvasculature circulations in HM have yielded inconsistent results. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> The objective of this article was to evaluate alterations in retinal and choroidal thickness, and capillary microvasculature using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in HM. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library databases were searched for relevant published studies. Primary outcomes were foveal avascular zone, vessel density, retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, foveal thickness, sub-foveal choroidal thickness, and chorio-capillary density. Alterations in outcomes were evaluated by standardized mean difference with a 95% confidence interval. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Eleven eligible articles were included for the meta-analysis. The whole superficial and deep vessel densities of macular and parapapillary superficial vessel density were lower in HM than in control eyes. The thickness of parafoveal RNFL, parapapillary RNFL, and sub-foveal choroid was significantly lower in HM eyes. Also, chorio-capillary density was shown to be lower in HM eyes. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The retinal and choroidal vessel network change may be related to the axial elongation in the progression of myopia. Furthermore, OCTA is an effective and noninvasive technology for monitoring the progress of myopia eyes.
Idiopathic facial palsy,also called the Bell's paralysis,refers to around the single side with unclear reason and acute onset.It was one common disease caused by acute non-purulent inflammation of the stylomastoid foramen and the main characteristic was the motor function disorder of facial mimetic muscles.When the facial nerve or stylomastoid foramen had the inflammatory edema,it will oppress the facial nerve inducing mimetic muscles paralysis on sick side.In recent years domestic and foreign experts treat the idiopathic facial palsy with medicine,physical therapy,acupuncture and moxibustion,and etc.,and obtain exciting effect..
As an increasing age-related eye disease, age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is becoming a common cause of irreversible visual loss in elder population. The mechanism of AMD remains uncertain and covers a complex risk factors. Choroidal vascularity index (CVI) is a sensitive parameter obtained by enhanced depth imaging of optical coherence tomography which allows the choroid in more detail and accurate assessment in the pathogenesis of AMD. The objective of this current study is to evaluate choroidal structural alternations measured by CVI in AMD.We will review 4 English databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science) from their inception until present to select eligible articles. English-language and case-control studies will be accepted. The data extraction content and quantitative analysis will be performed systematically by 2 independent authors. The primary outcome is the alternation of CVI in AMD. The secondary outcomes consist of choroidal thickness (CT), luminal area (LA), stromal area (SA), and total choroidal area (TCA). Subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis, and publication bias will be performed to check the robustness of the pooled outcome data.Changes of quantitative parameters such as CVI will be obtained in patients with AMD.This study will elucidate alternations of choroidal vascular and stromal component in AMD and provide robust evidence on the pathophysiology of AMD.INPLASY.
Objectives We systematically analysed recommendations from gout guidelines as an example, to provide a basis for developing a reporting standard of recommendations in clinical practice guidelines (CPGs). Design Systematic review without meta-analysis. Methods We systematically searched MEDLINE and all relevant guideline websites (National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, National Guideline Clearinghouse, Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network, WHO, Guidelines International Network, DynaMed, UpTodate, Best Practice) from their inception to January 2017 to identify and select gout CPGs. We used search terms such as ‘gout’, ‘hyperuricemia’ and ‘guideline’. We included the eligible CPGs of gout according to the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria after screening titles, abstracts and full texts. The characteristics of recommendations reported in the included guidelines were extracted and analysed. Results A total of 15 gout guidelines with a range of 5–80 recommendations were retrieved. Several indicators were used in the gout guidelines to facilitate identification of recommendations, including grouping all recommendations in a summary section, formatting recommendations in a particular or special way, using locating words for recommendations and indicating the strength of recommendation and quality of evidence. We found some components commonly used in the recommendations. The wording of recommendations varied across guidelines. Recommendations were detailed and explained in the section of rationale and explanation of recommendations. In some guidelines, recommendations were accompanied with other material to assist their reporting. Conclusions Variability and inconsistency were found on the reporting and presentation of recommendations in gout guidelines. Several points for reporting recommendation can be summarised. First, we suggested summarising and highlighting the core recommendations in a guideline. Second, guideline developers should try to structure and write recommendations reasonably. Third, it was necessary to detail and explain the recommendations and their rationale. Finally, describing and providing other potential useful contents was also a helpful way for clear reporting.
College-enterprise cooperation is the important direction for the reform practice of higher vocational education. This article makes an overview on the college-enterprise cooperation related literature before 2013 from the connotation and the cultivation way of college-enterprise cooperation.
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