Objective To analyze and evaluate the implementation effect of global fund multi-drug resistant tuberculosis(MDR-TB)project,in order to provide reference for MDR-TB control work in Guangdong province.Methods Monthly and quarterly reports are all collected for retrospective analysis from Oct.2006 to Dec.2010.Results By the end of Nov.2012,a total of 12 165 MDR-TB suspects were screened,among which 12 125 cases received sputum culture,8633 suspect cases performed drug susceptibility test(DST).1170 MDR-TB patients were confirmed and 488 cases were recruited for treatment.A total of 221 MDR-TB cases included in treatment for 2 years,99 cases were cured,and 5 cases completed treatment.The treatment success rate was 47.06%(104/221).Conclusion With the implementation of the MDR-TB project,we established the MDR-TB diagnosis,treatment and management model.The standard treatment regimen as the main strategy is feasible.
In this work, the physical-layer security for a maritime relay-assisted hybrid satellite and underwater wireless optical communication system consisting of a satellite source, a maritime relay (R), an underwater destination, and an eavesdropper (E) is investigated. In addition, both R and E are with multiple antennas and randomly located. In real application scenarios, E may be different carriers, i.e., an aircraft in the air or a ship on the sea, with various scopes of activity. Therefore, two different randomly located scenarios are considered, such as randomly distributed in a three dimensional space and a two dimensional plane. Furthermore, the beam-angle information of the source is assumed to be unavailable to E, and E may be located outside of the beam coverage area. Therefore, the beam coverage probability (BCP) for E is also presented. Employing the stochastic geometry theory and the maximum ratio combining scheme, the analytical and asymptotic expressions of secrecy outage probability (SOP) are obtained. In addition, the overall system SOP is defined and presented by taking both SOP and BCP into account. Finally, Monte-Carlo simulations verify the accuracy of our analysis.
With the expansion of human activities into the ocean, there is an urgent need for information transmission technology with higher data rates and more security. On the other hand, satellite communication plays an important role in the maritime area, but is also vulnerable to eavesdropping because of its broadcast nature. Therefore, in this study, the physical-layer security for a hybrid satellite and underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) system is considered. Specifically, a satellite source first broadcasts information to an overwater relay via an RF link, and then the relay converts the electrical signal to an optical one and transmits it to an underwater destination via a UWOC link, while an eavesdropper is overhearing this transmission. We derived the closed-form expressions for several system performance metrics, i.e., secrecy outage probability (SOP), and average secrecy capacity (ASC). Finally, Monte-Carlo simulations verify the accuracy of those results.
In this article, we evaluate the outage performance for a wireless-powered relaying radio frequency-underwater wireless optical communication (RF-UWOC) network with an amplify-and-forward protocol. Specifically, a source transmits an RF signal to a power-constrained offshore relay, which first adopts a power-splitting protocol to harmonize the information encoding and energy collecting of the received signal and then converts it to an optical one and utilizes the harvested energy to broadcast it to the destination. Assuming the RF and UWOC links undergo Nakagami-m distribution and a mixture Exponential-Gamma distribution, the analytical expression for the outage probability is deduced. Moreover, the rightness of the analysis is validated by Monte-Carlo simulations.
As the main bioactive substance of Ganoderma lucidum, Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide (GLP) has anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and other biological activities. Studies have shown that GLP can regulate the expression of multiple inflammatory cytokines in different inflammatory models and diseases as part of the anti-infection immune response. We extracted crude Changbai Mountain Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (CGLPs), analyzed their physical and chemical properties, and then applied them to the periodontitis model to verify whether they have an inhibitory effect on mouse periodontitis. CGLP was determined to be a heteropolysaccharide with dextran as the main component. Its molecular weight was 17.40 kDa. In vivo experiments in mice showed that CGLP can inhibit the alveolar bone loss and reduced inflammation caused of periodontitis by regulating the expression of the inflammatory factors IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-10 in a concentration-dependent manner.
Abstract Background Perforated duodenal ulcer is a common condition. The associated microbiome and relationship with treatment success remain to be explored in addition to the well recognized role of Helicobacter pylori.Methods Metagenomic sequencing were used to profile the microbes underlying duodenal ulcer. The metagenome results of 6 duodenal ulcer samples (3 ulcer foci and 3 sites around the ulcer foci) were obtained and compared.Findings Ulcer patients and healthy control have different gut-type. Streptococcus mitis was highly enriched in duodenal ulcer patients.Interpretation The dysbiosis of microbiomes might underlie the duodenal ulcer, while the increased abundance of Streptococcus mitis is a novel finding. Whether there is causal link between S.mitis and duodenal ulcer remains to be determined.
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