Objective To investigate the brain activation map during substraction and multiplication tasks in health adults.Methods 13 volunteers were undergone two tests of substraction and multiplication in the form of block-design.The fMRI data were analyzed by SPM99 software with statistic t-test to generate the activation map.Results In substraction ,the left middle frontal gyre(MFG),inferior frontal gyre(IFG),superior parietal lobule(SPL),inferior parietal lobule(IPL),angular gyre(AG),superior temporal gyre(STG),the right MFG,SPL,IPL , bilateral visual association cortex and cerebellum were activated.In multiplication , the left superior frontal gyre(SFG),MFG,IFG,SPL,AG,the right SPL,precentral gyre(PCG) and bilateral visual association cortex were activated.Conclusion (1)The bilateral prefrontal areas,parietal cortex and occipito-temporal areas are involved in calculation and have the function of working memory ,numerial manipulation and visua-space attention;(2)The cerebellum is involved in cognitive arithmetic.
Lung cancer is a highly vascular tumors, over the past ten years, anti-angiogenes is has been proved to be an effective and highly promising combinational treatment. The data of the combination of anti-angiogenesis with chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy has been constantly updating. Advanced lung cancer patients, no matter different groups or different stages of the disease, are benefited from anti-angiogenes. In this paper, based on the clinical status and unsolved problems, combined with the latest clinical and translational research data, we reviewed the current anti-angiogenesis treatment of lung cancer. .【中文题目：肺癌抗血管生成治疗：现状、进展与困惑】 【中文摘要：肺癌是一种高度血管化的肿瘤，过去十多年，抑制血管生成已被证实是一种有效且极具前景的联合治疗选择，关于抗血管生成治疗与化疗、靶向治疗、免疫治疗的联合疗效数据在不断更新，其在晚期肺癌不同群体以及疾病的不同阶段均可带来获益，伴随而来的是对众多治疗策略的“排列组合”及“排兵布阵”的困惑，本文将基于临床现状及尚未解决的问题，结合最新临床及转化研究数据，对当前肺癌抗血管生成治疗作一综述。 】 【中文关键词：肺肿瘤；抗血管生成；联合治疗；新策略】.
Abstract Primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a clinical syndrome of ovarian dysfunction characterized by premature exhaustion of primordial follicles. POI causes infertility, severe daily life disturbances and long-term health risks. However, the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. We previously identified a Basonuclin 1 ( BNC1 ) mutation from a large Chinese POI pedigree and found that mice with targeted Bnc1 mutation exhibit symptoms of POI. In this study, we found that BNC1 plays key roles in ovarian reserve and maintaining lipid metabolism and redox homeostasis in oocytes during follicle development. Deficiency of BNC1 results in premature follicular activation and excessive follicular atresia. Mechanistically, BNC1 deficiency triggers oocyte ferroptosis via the NF2-YAP pathway. We demonstrated that pharmacologic inhibition of YAP signaling or ferroptosis significantly rescues Bnc1 mutation-induced POI. These findings uncover a pathologic mechanism of POI based on BNC1 deficiency and suggest YAP and ferroptosis inhibitors as potential therapeutic targets for POI.
The aim of the present study was to assess the atypical imaging manifestations of branchial cleft cysts (BCCs) confirmed by pathology. Computerized tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of 17 BCC cases were reviewed. The imaging features, including laterality, location, border, attenuation and internal architecture, were evaluated. All 17 cases were second BCCs, including 5 cases of Bailey type Ⅰ classification cysts and 12 cases of type Ⅱ classification cysts. The atypical imaging features included signal and morphological abnormalities. The abnormal signal intensities were caused by intracapsular bleeding (n=2) or solidification of cystic fluid (n=2). Intracystic hemorrhaging revealed homogeneous hyperintensity on T1‑weighted image (T1WI) and T2‑weighted image (T2WI). Solidification of cystic fluid revealed slightly homogeneous hyperintensity compared with muscle on T1WI and homogeneous hypointensity on T2WI without enhancement. The aberrant morphology mainly presented as thickening of the cystic wall (n=13). Thickened walls of BCCs with ill‑ (n=5) or well‑ (n=8) defined borders were observed in 13 patients. In 3 patients, significant enhancement was identified following intravenous gadolinium administration (n=4). When with atypical CT or MRI features are presented, the typical location of BCCs can help in the diagnosis, as it is located at the lateral portion of the neck adjacent to the anterior border of the mandibular angle or sternocleidomastoid muscle. The atypical observations, including variable signals, imply that the cystic content has changed. Thickened walls indicate inflammation or cancerous tendency and patients with ill‑defined margins, vascular involvement or lymphadenopathy atelectasis indicate malignant conversion.
Objective
To evaluate a new type of adult scapular anatomical locking plate which was designed for fixation of the major fracture fragment based on the characteristics of major fracture location and posterior surgical approach.
Methods
The Computed Tomography (CT) data of the scapula were collected for this study of the 80 normal adults who had undergone CT scanning from January 2015 to January 2018 at Department of Orthopedics, Hanzhong Central Hospital. They were 43 males and 37 females. 3D models of the scapula were reconstructed using the CT data by computer. After scapular neck (CD), scapular lateral border (DE), angulus scapulae (EF), scapular spine (HJJ2 and HKK2), and angles of the scapula (∠CDE, ∠DEF, ∠HKK2 and ∠HJJ2) were measured, our new type of adult scapular anatomical locking plate was designed to meet the requirements of operation and fixation.
Results
The main parameters of the scapula at the major fixation region were CD of 10.27±0.99 mm, DE of 73.03±6.27 mm, EF of 52.03±6.85 mm, HJ of 36.27±2.10 mm, HK of 41.44±2.58 mm, ∠CDE of 128.61°±6.30°, ∠DEF1 of 167.11°±3.83°, ∠DEF2 of 173.01°±4.45°, ∠HJJ2 of 133.43°±7.47°, and ∠HKK2 of 123.55°±7.84°. The new type of claw-shaped scapular locking plate we had designed conformed to the segmental lengths and the angles between the adjacent segments of the scapula.
Conclusions
Our new type of adult scapular anatomical locking plate may be used to fix the major scapular fracture fragment, providing a new choice to solve the problem in fixation of complex scapular fractures. However, its clinical practicality and effectiveness needs further clinical research.
Key words:
Shoulder joint; Scapula; Fractures, bone; Anatomy; Bone plate
Critically shortened telomeres trigger a DNA damage response in replicatively senescent cells. Here we report that while DNA damage foci can be detected in newly senescent cells, these foci eventually diminished in deep senescent cells. However, DNA checkpoint signalling and repair machinery in response to oxidative stress remain uncompromised in these deep senescent cells. Activation of p53 by oxidative stress is unaffected despite a marked decrease in expression of platelet‐derived growth factor α‐receptor. These findings suggest that cellular senescence is not a static process hence care must be taken in the selection of biomarkers of senescence in studies of ageing.
Electronic cigarettes (EC) are battery-powered devices that deliver aerosolized nicotine to users. EC has been reported to contain less carcinogens than traditional cigarettes, cause less lung effects and may help with smoking cessation. EC are an increasingly popular device that could serve as a smoking cessation product. But the effect of smoking cessation has not been confirmed and use of EC may bring potential health problem. This study reviewed the research progress in smoking cessation by using EC.
Key words:
Smoking cessation; Tobacco; Electronic cigarettes
Objective To evaluate the clinic value and advantage of magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma at 3.0T MR. Methods To collect 26 cases 3.0T MRI and MRCP imaging data and Ultrasound diagonosis of hilar cholangiocarcinoma confirmed by clinical surgery and pathology, 12 of them had 3D-VIBE dynamic contrast-enhanced scanning, 10 conventional CT examination, compared with the pathological results so as to compare the clinic value of them. Results The accuracy of plain MR scan combined with MRCP for evaluating the sites and the causes were 100% and 92.3% respectively,whereas ultrasound 92.3% and 65.4% respectively, it is statistical significantly different in qualitative accuracy(P0.05). 12 cases of 3D-VIBE dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI found 3 lesions more than plain MR scan; 2 cases of misdiagnosis in 10 cases of CT scanning but MR examinations were qualitatively correct. Conclusion 3.0T plain MR scan and MRCP is great clinical diagnostic value for hilar cholangiocarcinoma in diagnosis and classification,it has higher clinic value than Ultrasound diagonosis as well as CT examination, which combined with 3D-VIBE dynamic sequences can clearly demonstrate the arterial phase, the portal venous phase and parenchymal phase, It is not only useful to find small lesions which can not be found in plain scan,but also provide the blood supply of lesions and higher value for clinical imaging information.
To investigate the prevalence and causes of low vision and blindness in Beijing residents aged 40 and over.4,451 residents aged 40 and over in 3 rural communities and 5 urban communities in Beijing underwent eye examination, including examination of distant and near visual acuity (VA), best corrected distant and near VA, pinhole VA, and visual field, slit lamp biomicroscopy, and dilated ocular examination in the form of in-home survey by defined population-based sampling. The medical history was surveyed too. The data were analyzed based on the criteria of the World Health Organization.The general prevalence rates of low vision and blindness were 0.99% (95% CI: 0.70-1.28) and 0.39% (95% CI: 0.21-0.57) respectively. The prevalence rate of low vision in females was 1.45%, 2.23 times that of males (0.65%) (OR: 1.97, 95% CI: 1.00-3.95). The prevalence rate of low vision of rural residents was 1.76%, 2.89 times that of urban residents (0.61%) (OR: 2.93, 95% CI: 1.43-6.11). The prevalence rate of blindness in females was 0.64% and 0.37% in males. The prevalence rate of blindness of rural residents was 1.06%, 2.04 times that of the urban residents (0.52%) (OR: 3.77, 95% CI: 1.41-10.62). The 3 major causes of blindness were cataract (37.50%), glaucoma (29.20%), and high myopic macular degeneration (8.30%). The prevalence of blindness increased with age.The prevalence rates of low vision and blindness are higher in the rural areas. Cataract, glaucoma, and high myopic macular degeneration are the major causes of blindness. The prevalence of low vision and blindness are influenced by age, sex; area, health care level, educational level, and environmental factors.
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