On the basis of the FLP (frustrated Lewis pair) principle, a new strategy has been proposed to construct the frustration in de- signing metal-free hydrogen activation compounds, by using FMO (frontier molecular orbital) analyses and quantum mechanics calculations. Unlike the known FLPs which use bulky substituents to prevent them from forming stable Lewis acid/base com- plexes, the new approach encumbers the intramolecular π donation from the electron donor to the acceptor (e.g. in BH2NH2) by using a CH2 bridge (giving BH2CH2NH2). The strategy is simple and effective. Its effectiveness is demonstrated by the small hy- drogen activation energy (12.0 kcal/mol) of the model molecule (BH2CH2NH2), which is significantly less than the 42.7 kcal/mol of BH2NH2 and also less than the 18.5 kcal/mol of BH2PH2 whose derivative, R2PB(C6F5)2, has been experimentally shown to be able to activate hydrogen. We also exemplified how to use the strategy to design experimentally more realizable molecules. The example shows promises as a hydrogen activation agent. The strategy can be used to design metal-free catalysts for direct hydro-genation.
As a fundamental physiological process, sleep plays a vital role in human health. High-quality sleep requires a reasonable distribution of sleep duration over different sleep stages. Recently, contactless solutions have been used for in-home sleep stage monitoring via wireless signals as it enables monitoring daily sleep in a non-intrusive manner. However, various factors, such as the subject's physiological characteristics during sleep, the subject's health status, and even the sleep environment, pose challenges to wireless signal analysis. In this paper, we propose Hypnos, a contactless sleep monitoring system that identifies different sleep stages using an ultra-wideband (UWB) device. Hypnos enables automated bed localization and extracts signals containing coarse-grained body movements and fine-grained chest movements due to breathing and heartbeat from the subject, which acts as the preparation step for sleep staging. The key to our system is a seq2seq deep learning model, which adopts an attention-based sequence encoder to learn the patterns and transitions within and between sleep epochs and combines with contrastive learning to improve the generalizability of the encoder. Particularly, we incorporate sleep apnea detection as an auxiliary task into the model to reduce the interference of sleep apnea with sleep staging. Moreover, we design a two-step training for better adaptation of subjects with different severities of sleep disorders. We conduct extensive experiments on 100 subjects, including healthy individuals and patients with sleep disorders, and the experimental results show that Hypnos achieves excellent performance in multi-stage sleep classification (including 5-stage sleep classification), and outperforms other baseline methods.
Indoor positioning is a thriving research area which is slowly gaining market momentum. Its applications are mostly customised, ad hoc installations; ubiquitous applications analogous to GNSS for outdoors are not available because of the lack of generic platforms, widely accepted standards and interoperability protocols. In this context, the Indoor Positioning and Indoor Navigation (IPIN) competition is the only long-term, technically sound initiative to monitor the state of the art of real systems by measuring their performance in a realistic environment. Most competing systems are pedestrian-oriented and based on the use of smartphones, but several competing Tracks were set up, enabling comparison of an array of technologies. The two IPIN competitions described here include only off-site Tracks. In contrast with on-site Tracks where competitors bring their systems on site - which were impossible to organise during 2021 and 2022 - in off-site Tracks competitors download pre-recorded data from multiple sensors and process them using the EvaalAPI, a real-time, web-based emulation interface. As usual with IPIN competitions, Tracks were compliant with the EvAAL framework, ensuring consistency of the measurement procedure and reliability of results. The main contribution of this work is to show a compilation of possible indoor positioning scenarios and different indoor positioning solutions to the same problem.
International Journal of Modern Physics AVol. 36, No. 11n12, 2102002 (2021) No AccessTaiji program in space for gravitational universe with the first run key technologies test in Taiji-1The Taiji Scientific Collaboration, Yue-Liang Wu, Zi-Ren Luo, Jian-Yu Wang, Meng Bai, Wei Bian, Hai-Wen Cai, Rong-Gen Cai, Zhi-Ming Cai, Jin Cao, Bin Chen, Di-Jun Chen, Guang-Feng Chen, Kun Chen, Ling Chen, Li-Sheng Chen, Ming-Wei Chen, Wei-Biao Chen, Yan Chen, Ze-Yi Chen, Yi-Xing Chi, Lin-Xiao Cong, Jian-Feng Deng, Xiao-Qin Deng, Xiao-Long Dong, Li Duan, Da Fan, Sen-Quan Fan, Shou-Shan Fan, Chao Fang, Yuan Fang, Ke Feng, Jian-Chao Feng, Pan Feng, Zhun Feng, Chen Gao, Rui-Hong Gao, Run-Lian Gao, Bin Guo, Tong Guo, Xiao-Liang Guo, Xu Guo, Zong-Kuan Guo, Jian-Wu He, Ji-Bo He, Xia Hou, Liang Hu, Wen-Rui Hu, Zhi-Qiang Hu, Min-Jie Huang, Jian-Jun Jia, Kai-Li Jiang, Gang Jin, Hong-Bo Jin, Bao-Peng Kang, Qi Kang, Feng-Lian Kong, Jun-Gang Lei, Bo-Quan Li, Cun-Hui Li, Dong-Jing Li, Fan Li, Hao-Si Li, Hua-Dong Li, Hua-Wang Li, Jiang Li, Liu-Feng Li, Wei Li, Xiao-Kang Li, Ying-Min Li, Yong-Gui Li, Yun-Peng Li, Yu-Peng Li, Zhao Li, Zhe Li, Hong Liang, Huang Lin, Zhi-Yong Lin, Chang Liu, Dong-Bin Liu, He-Shan Liu, Hong Liu, Peng Liu, Yu-Rong Liu, Zong-Yu Lu, Hong-Wei Luo, Jun Luo, Fu-Li Ma, Long-Fei Ma, Xiao-Shan Ma, Xin Ma, Yi-Chuan Man, Jun-Cheng Mao, Jian Min, Yu Niu, Jian-Kang Peng, Xiao-Dong Peng, Ke-Qi Qi, Li-É Qiang, Cong-Feng Qiao, Ye-Xi Qu, Wen-Hong Ruan, Wei Sha, Jia Shen, Xing-Jian Shi, Rong Shu, Ju Su, Peng Su, Yan-Lin Sui, Guang-Wei Sun, He-Ping Tan, Wen-Lin Tang, Hong-Jiang Tao, Wen-Ze Tao, Zheng Tian, Ling-Feng Wan, Chen-Yu Wang, Jia Wang, Juan Wang, Jun-Biao Wang, Lin-Lin Wang, Peng-Cheng Wang, Shao-Xin Wang, Xiao-Peng Wang, Yan-Feng Wang, Yu-Kun Wang, Zhi Wang, Zuo-Lei Wang, Yong-Qiang Wei, Yu-Xiao Wei, Di Wu, Li-Ming Wu, Peng-Zhan Wu, Zhi-Hua Wu, Dong-Xue Xi, Yi-Fang Xie, Guo-Feng Xin, Heng-Tong Xu, Lu-Xiang Xu, Peng Xu, Shu-Yan Xu, Yu Xu, Bing Xue, Da-Tong Xue, Sen-Wen Xue, Zhang-Bin Xue, Chao Yang, Ran Yang, Shi-Jia Yang, Shuang Yang, Yong Yang, Zhong-Guo Yang, Yong-Li Yin, Du-Li Yu, Jin-Pei Yu, Tao Yu, Ài-Bing Zhang, Bing Zhang, Chu Zhang, Min Zhang, Jing Zhang, Rui-Jun Zhang, Xiao-Feng Zhang, Xiao-Qing Zhang, Xue-Quan Zhang, Yong-He Zhang, Yu-Zhu Zhang, Yuan-Zhong Zhang, Meng-Yuan Zhao, Jian Zhao, Wei-Wei Zhao, Ya Zhao, Jian-Hua Zheng, Cui-Yun Zhou, Ying Zhou, Ren Zhu, Xiao-Cheng Zhu, Xiao-Yi Zhu, Zhen-Cai Zhu, Xiao-Bo Zou, and Zi-Ming ZouThe Taiji Scientific Collaboration Search for more papers by this author , Yue-Liang WuTaiji Laboratory for Gravitational Wave Universe (Beijing/Hangzhou), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, ChinaCenter for Gravitational Wave Experiment, National Microgravity Laboratory, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, ChinaInstitute of Theoretical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, ChinaInternational Centre for Theoretical Physics Asia-Pacific (ICTP-AP) (Beijing/ Hangzhou), UCAS, Beijing 100190, ChinaHangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, ChinaE-mail Address: [email protected] Search for more papers by this author , Zi-Ren LuoTaiji Laboratory for Gravitational Wave Universe (Beijing/Hangzhou), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, ChinaCenter for Gravitational Wave Experiment, National Microgravity Laboratory, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, ChinaInternational Centre for Theoretical Physics Asia-Pacific (ICTP-AP) (Beijing/ Hangzhou), UCAS, Beijing 100190, ChinaHangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, ChinaE-mail Address: [email protected] Search for more papers by this author , Jian-Yu WangTaiji Laboratory for Gravitational Wave Universe (Beijing/Hangzhou), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, ChinaHangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, ChinaShanghai Institute of Technical Physics, CAS, Shanghai 200083, ChinaE-mail Address: [email protected] Search for more papers by this author , Meng BaiNational Space Science Center, CAS, Beijing 100190, China Search for more papers by this author , Wei BianTaiji Laboratory for Gravitational Wave Universe (Beijing/Hangzhou), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, ChinaHangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, ChinaNational Space Science Center, CAS, Beijing 100190, China Search for more papers by this author , Hai-Wen CaiInnovation Academy for Microsatellites, CAS, Shanghai 201800, ChinaLaboratory of Space Laser Engineering and Technology Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Shanghai 201800, ChinaSchool of Optoelectronics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China Search for more papers by this author , Rong-Gen CaiTaiji Laboratory for Gravitational Wave Universe (Beijing/Hangzhou), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, ChinaInstitute of Theoretical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, ChinaHangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China Search for more papers by this author , Zhi-Ming CaiInnovation Academy for Microsatellites, CAS, Shanghai 201800, ChinaZhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China Search for more papers by this author , Jin CaoInnovation Academy for Microsatellites, CAS, Shanghai 201800, China Search for more papers by this author , Bin ChenNational Space Science Center, CAS, Beijing 100190, China Search for more papers by this author , Di-Jun ChenHangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, ChinaLaboratory of Space Laser Engineering and Technology Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Shanghai 201800, China Search for more papers by this author , Guang-Feng ChenNational Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Vacuum Technology and Physics, Lanzhou Institute of Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China Search for more papers by this author , Kun ChenInnovation Academy for Microsatellites, CAS, Shanghai 201800, China Search for more papers by this author , Ling ChenNational Space Science Center, CAS, Beijing 100190, China Search for more papers by this author , Li-Sheng ChenInnovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, CAS, Wuhan 430071, ChinaUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan 430071, ChinaLaboratory of Atomic Frequency Standards, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China Search for more papers by this author , Ming-Wei ChenTaiji Laboratory for Gravitational Wave Universe (Beijing/Hangzhou), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, ChinaCenter for Gravitational Wave Experiment, National Microgravity Laboratory, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China Search for more papers by this author , Wei-Biao ChenHangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, ChinaLaboratory of Space Laser Engineering and Technology Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Shanghai 201800, ChinaSchool of Optoelectronics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China Search for more papers by this author , Yan ChenUniversity of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China Search for more papers by this author , Ze-Yi ChenInnovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, CAS, Wuhan 430071, China Search for more papers by this author , Yi-Xing Chi Search for more papers by this author , Lin-Xiao CongTaiji Laboratory for Gravitational Wave Universe (Beijing/Hangzhou), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China Search for more papers by this author , Jian-Feng DengInnovation Academy for Microsatellites, CAS, Shanghai 201800, China Search for more papers by this author , Xiao-Qin DengTaiji Laboratory for Gravitational Wave Universe (Beijing/Hangzhou), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, ChinaHangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, ChinaChangchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, CAS, Changchun 130033, China Search for more papers by this author , Xiao-Long DongNational Space Science Center, CAS, Beijing 100190, China Search for more papers by this author , Li DuanTaiji Laboratory for Gravitational Wave Universe (Beijing/Hangzhou), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, ChinaCenter for Gravitational Wave Experiment, National Microgravity Laboratory, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China Search for more papers by this author , Da FanQian Xuesen Laboratory of Space Technology, Beijing 100094, China Search for more papers by this author , Sen-Quan FanInnovation Academy for Microsatellites, CAS, Shanghai 201800, China Search for more papers by this author , Shou-Shan FanTsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China Search for more papers by this author , Chao FangChangchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, CAS, Changchun 130033, China Search for more papers by this author , Yuan FangInnovation Academy for Microsatellites, CAS, Shanghai 201800, China Search for more papers by this author , Ke FengAerospace Information Research Institute, CAS, Beijing 100094, China Search for more papers by this author , Jian-Chao FengInnovation Academy for Microsatellites, CAS, Shanghai 201800, China Search for more papers by this author , Pan FengInnovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, CAS, Wuhan 430071, China Search for more papers by this author , Zhun FengNational Space Science Center, CAS, Beijing 100190, China Search for more papers by this author , Chen GaoNational Space Science Center, CAS, Beijing 100190, China Search for more papers by this author , Rui-Hong GaoTaiji Laboratory for Gravitational Wave Universe (Beijing/Hangzhou), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, ChinaCenter for Gravitational Wave Experiment, National Microgravity Laboratory, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China Search for more papers by this author , Run-Lian GaoNational Space Science Center, CAS, Beijing 100190, China Search for more papers by this author , Bin GuoHarbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China Search for more papers by this author , Tong GuoInnovation Academy for Microsatellites, CAS, Shanghai 201800, China Search for more papers by this author , Xiao-Liang GuoBeijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China Search for more papers by this author , Xu GuoHangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, ChinaChangchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, CAS, Changchun 130033, China Search for more papers by this author , Zong-Kuan GuoTaiji Laboratory for Gravitational Wave Universe (Beijing/Hangzhou), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, ChinaInstitute of Theoretical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, ChinaHangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China Search for more papers by this author , Jian-Wu HeTaiji Laboratory for Gravitational Wave Universe (Beijing/Hangzhou), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, ChinaCenter for Gravitational Wave Experiment, National Microgravity Laboratory, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China Search for more papers by this author , Ji-Bo HeTaiji Laboratory for Gravitational Wave Universe (Beijing/Hangzhou), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China Search for more papers by this author , Xia HouInnovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, CAS, Wuhan 430071, China Search for more papers by this author , Liang HuCenter for Gravitational Wave Experiment, National Microgravity Laboratory, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China Search for more papers by this author , Wen-Rui HuTaiji Laboratory for Gravitational Wave Universe (Beijing/Hangzhou), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, ChinaCenter for Gravitational Wave Experiment, National Microgravity Laboratory, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China Search for more papers by this author , Zhi-Qiang HuInnovation Academy for Microsatellites, CAS, Shanghai 201800, China Search for more papers by this author , Min-Jie HuangLaboratory of Space Laser Engineering and Technology Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Shanghai 201800, China Search for more papers by this author , Jian-Jun JiaTaiji Laboratory for Gravitational Wave Universe (Beijing/Hangzhou), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, ChinaHangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, ChinaShanghai Institute of Technical Physics, CAS, Shanghai 200083, China Search for more papers by this author , Kai-Li JiangTsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China Search for more papers by this author , Gang JinCenter for Gravitational Wave Experiment, National Microgravity Laboratory, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, ChinaHangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China Search for more papers by this author , Hong-Bo JinNation Astronomical Observatory, CAS, Beijing 100101,ChinaCAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China Search for more papers by this author , Bao-Peng KangInnovation Academy for Microsatellites, CAS, Shanghai 201800, China Search for more papers by this author , Qi KangTaiji Laboratory for Gravitational Wave Universe (Beijing/Hangzhou), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, ChinaCenter for Gravitational Wave Experiment, National Microgravity Laboratory, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China Search for more papers by this author , Feng-Lian KongNational Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Vacuum Technology and Physics, Lanzhou Institute of Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China Search for more papers by this author , Jun-Gang LeiHangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, ChinaNational Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Vacuum Technology and Physics, Lanzhou Institute of Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China Search for more papers by this author , Bo-Quan LiNational Space Science Center, CAS, Beijing 100190, China Search for more papers by this author , Cun-Hui LiNational Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Vacuum Technology and Physics, Lanzhou Institute of Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China Search for more papers by this author , Dong-Jing LiChangchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, CAS, Changchun 130033, China Search for more papers by this author , Fan LiNational Space Science Center, CAS, Beijing 100190, China Search for more papers by this author , Hao-Si LiCenter for Gravitational Wave Experiment, National Microgravity Laboratory, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, ChinaChang’an University, Xi’an 710054, China Search for more papers by this author , Hua-Dong LiChangchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, CAS, Changchun 130033, China Search for more papers by this author , Hua-Wang LiInnovation Academy for Microsatellites, CAS, Shanghai 201800, China Search for more papers by this author , Jiang LiInstitute of Earthquake Forecasting, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100036, China Search for more papers by this author , Liu-Feng LiInnovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, CAS, Wuhan 430071, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan 430071, ChinaLaboratory of Atomic Frequency Standards, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China Search for more papers by this author , Wei LiChangchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, CAS, Changchun 130033, China Search for more papers by this author , Xiao-Kang LiTaiji Laboratory for Gravitational Wave Universe (Beijing/Hangzhou), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, ChinaCenter for Gravitational Wave Experiment, National Microgravity Laboratory, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China Search for more papers by this author , Ying-Min LiTaiji Laboratory for Gravitational Wave Universe (Beijing/Hangzhou), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China Search for more papers by this author , Yong-Gui LiTaiji Laboratory for Gravitational Wave Universe (Beijing/Hangzhou), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China Search for more papers by this author , Yun-Peng LiNational Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Vacuum Technology and Physics, Lanzhou Institute of Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China Search for more papers by this author , Yu-Peng LiTaiji Laboratory for Gravitational Wave Universe (Beijing/Hangzhou), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, ChinaChangchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, CAS, Changchun 130033, China Search for more papers by this author , Zhao LiInnovation Academy for Microsatellites, CAS, Shanghai 201800, China Search for more papers by this author , Zhe LiChangchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, CAS, Changchun 130033, China Search for more papers by this author , Hong LiangInnovation Academy for Microsatellites, CAS, Shanghai 201800, China Search for more papers by this author , Huang LinBeijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China Search for more papers by this author , Zhi-Yong LinTaiji Laboratory for Gravitational Wave Universe (Beijing/Hangzhou), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, ChinaChang’an University, Xi’an 710054, China Search for more papers by this author , Chang LiuTaiji Laboratory for Gravitational Wave Universe (Beijing/Hangzhou), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, ChinaInstitute of Theoretical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China Search for more papers by this author , Dong-Bin LiuChangchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, CAS, Changchun 130033, China Search for more papers by this author , He-Shan LiuTaiji Laboratory for Gravitational Wave Universe (Beijing/Hangzhou), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, ChinaCenter for Gravitational Wave Experiment, National Microgravity Laboratory, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, ChinaHangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China Search for more papers by this author , Hong LiuInnovation Academy for Microsatellites, CAS, Shanghai 201800, China Search for more papers by this author , Peng LiuTsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China Search for more papers by this author , Yu-Rong LiuNational Space Science Center, CAS, Beijing 100190, China Search for more papers by this author , Zong-Yu LuInnovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, CAS, Wuhan 430071, China Search for more papers by this author , Hong-Wei LuoLaboratory of Space Laser Engineering and Technology Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Shanghai 201800, China Search for more papers by this author , Jun LuoCenter for Gravitational Wave Experiment, National Microgravity Laboratory, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China Search for more papers by this author , Fu-Li MaNational Space Science Center, CAS, Beijing 100190, China Search for more papers by this author , Long-Fei MaTaiji Laboratory for Gravitational Wave Universe (Beijing/Hangzhou), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, ChinaCenter for Gravitational Wave Experiment, National Microgravity Laboratory, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China Search for more papers by this author , Xiao-Shan MaNational Space Science Center, CAS, Beijing 100190, China Search for more papers by this author , Xin MaNational Space Science Center, CAS, Beijing 100190, China Search for more papers by this author , Yi-Chuan ManNational Space Science Center, CAS, Beijing 100190, China Search for more papers by this author , Jun-Cheng MaoNational Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Vacuum Technology and Physics, Lanzhou Institute of Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China Search for more papers by this author , Jian MinNational Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Vacuum Technology and Physics, Lanzhou Institute of Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China Search for more papers by this author , Yu NiuTaiji Laboratory for Gravitational Wave Universe (Beijing/Hangzhou), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, ChinaCenter for Gravitational Wave Experiment, National Microgravity Laboratory, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China Search for more papers by this author , Jian-Kang PengInnovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, CAS, Wuhan 430071, ChinaUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China Search for more papers by this author , Xiao-Dong PengInternational Centre for Theoretical Physics Asia-Pacific (ICTP-AP) (Beijing/ Hangzhou), UCAS, Beijing 100190, ChinaHangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, ChinaNational Space Science Center, CAS, Beijing 100190, China Search for more papers by this author , Ke-Qi QiChangchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, CAS, Changchun 130033, China Search for more papers by this author , Li-É QiangNational Space Science Center, CAS, Beijing 100190, China Search for more papers by this author , Cong-Feng QiaoTaiji Laboratory for Gravitational Wave Universe (Beijing/Hangzhou), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China Search for more papers by this author , Ye-Xi QuLaboratory of Space Laser Engineering and Technology Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Shanghai 201800, China Search for more papers by this author , Wen-Hong RuanTaiji Laboratory for Gravitational Wave Universe (Beijing/Hangzhou), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, ChinaInstitute of Theoretical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China Search for more papers by this author , Wei ShaChangchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, CAS, Changchun 130033, China Search for more papers by this author , Jia ShenTaiji Laboratory for Gravitational Wave Universe (Beijing/Hangzhou), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, ChinaCenter for Gravitational Wave Experiment, National Microgravity Laboratory, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China Search for more papers by this author , Xing-Jian ShiInnovation Academy for Microsatellites, CAS, Shanghai 201800, China Search for more papers by this author , Rong ShuShanghai Institute of Technical Physics, CAS, Shanghai 200083, China Search for more papers by this author , Ju SuNational Space Science Center, CAS, Beijing 100190, China Search for more papers by this author , Peng SuInstitute of Earthquake Forecasting, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100036, China Search for more papers by this author , Yan-Lin SuiChangchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, CAS, Changchun 130033, China Search for more papers by this author , Guang-Wei SunLaboratory of Space Laser Engineering and Technology Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Shanghai 201800, ChinaSchool of Optoelectronics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China Search for more papers by this author , He-Ping TanHarbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China Search for more papers by this author , Wen-Lin TangNational Space Science Center, CAS, Beijing 100190, China Search for more papers by this author , Hong-Jiang TaoChangchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, CAS, Changchun 130033, China Search for more papers by this author , Wen-Ze TaoNational Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Vacuum Technology and Physics, Lanzhou Institute of Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China Search for more papers by this author , Zheng TianNational Space Science Center, CAS, Beijing 100190, China Search for more papers by this author , Ling-Feng WanInnovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, CAS, Wuhan 430071, China Search for more papers by this author , Chen-Yu WangTaiji Laboratory for Gravitational Wave Universe (Beijing/Hangzhou), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, ChinaCenter for Gravitational Wave Experiment, National Microgravity Laboratory, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China Search for more papers by this author , Jia WangCenter for Gravitational Wave Experiment, National Microgravity Laboratory, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China Search for more papers by this author , Juan WangTaiji Laboratory for Gravitational Wave Universe (Beijing/Hangzhou), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, ChinaCenter for Gravitational Wave Experiment, National Microgravity Laboratory, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China Search for more papers by this author , Jun-Biao WangCenter for Gravitational Wave Experiment, National Microgravity Laboratory, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China Search for more papers by this author , Lin-Lin WangNational Space Science Center, CAS, Beijing 100190, China Search for more papers by this author , Peng-Cheng WangInnovation Academy for Microsatellites, CAS, Shanghai 201800, China Search for more papers by this author , Shao-Xin WangChangchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, CAS, Changchun 130033, China Search for more papers by this author , Xiao-Peng WangChangchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, CAS, Changchun 130033, China Search for more papers by this author , Yan-Feng WangInnovation Academy for Microsatellites, CAS, Shanghai 201800, China Search for more papers by this author , Yu-Kun WangChangchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, CAS, Changchun 130033, China Search for more papers by this author , Zhi WangTaiji Laboratory for Gravitational Wave Universe (Beijing/Hangzhou), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, ChinaHangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, ChinaChangchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, CAS, Changchun 130033, China Search for more papers by this author , Zuo-Lei WangNational Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Vacuum Technology and Physics, Lanzhou Institute of Physics, Lanzhou 730000, ChinaLanzhou Institute of Space Technology Physics, Lanzhou, China Search for more papers by this author , Yong-Qiang WeiNational Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Vacuum Technology and Physics, Lanzhou Institute of Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China Search for more papers by this author , Yu-Xiao WeiTaiji Laboratory for Gravitational Wave Universe (Beijing/Hangzhou), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China Search for more papers by this author , Di WuCenter for Gravitational Wave Experiment, National Microgravity Laboratory, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China Search for more papers by this author , Li-Ming WuTaiji Laboratory for Gravitational Wave Universe (Beijing/Hangzhou), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, ChinaChang’an University, Xi’an 710054, China Search for more papers by this author , Peng-Zhan WuLanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China Search for more papers by this author , Zhi-Hua WuInnovation Academy for Microsatellites, CAS, Shanghai 201800, China Search for more papers by this author , Dong-Xue XiNational Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Vacuum Technology and Physics, Lanzhou Institute of Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China Search for more papers by this author , Yi-Fang XieNational Space Science Center, CAS, Beijing 100190, China Search for more papers by this author , Guo-Feng XinLaboratory of Space Laser Engineering and Technology Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Shanghai 201800, China Search for more papers by this author , Heng-Tong XuNational Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Vacuum Technology and Physics, Lanzhou Institute of Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China Search for more papers by this author , Lu-Xiang XuTaiji Laboratory for Gravitational Wave Universe (Beijing/Hangzhou), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, ChinaHangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, ChinaNanyang Technological University, Singapore 637616, Singapore Search for more papers by this author , Peng XuTaiji Laboratory for Gravitational Wave Universe (Beijing/Hangzhou), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, ChinaHangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, ChinaLanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China Search for more papers by this author , Shu-Yan XuHangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, ChinaNanyang Technological University, Singapore 637616, Singapore Search for more papers by this author , Yu XuInnovation Academy for Microsatellites, CAS, Shanghai 201800, China Search for more papers by this author , Bing XueInstitute of Earthquake Forecasting, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100036, China Search for more papers by this author , Da-Tong XueNational Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Vacuum Technology and Physics, Lanzhou Institute of Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China Search for more papers by this author , Sen-Wen XueTaiji Laboratory for Gravitational Wave Universe (Beijing/Hangzhou), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, ChinaCenter for Gravitational Wave Experiment, National Microgravity Laboratory, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China Search for more papers by this author , Zhang-Bin XueNational Space Science Center, CAS, Beijing 100190, China Search for more papers by this author , Chao YangTaiji Laboratory for Gravitational Wave Universe (Beijing/Hangzhou), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, ChinaCenter for Gravitational Wave Experiment, National Microgravity Laboratory, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China Search for more papers by this author , Ran YangTaiji Laboratory for Gravitational Wave Universe (Beijing/Hangzhou), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, ChinaCenter for Gravitational Wave Experiment, National Microgravity Laboratory, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China Search for more papers by this author , Shi-Jia YangNational Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Vacuum Technology and Physics, Lanzhou Institute of Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China Search for more papers by this author , Shuang YangNational Space Science Center, CAS, Beijing 100190, China Search for more papers by this author , Yong YangInnovation Academy for Microsatellites, CAS, Shanghai 201800, China Search for more papers by this author , Zhong-Guo YangLaboratory of Space Laser Engineering and Technology Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Shanghai 201800, China Search for more papers by this author , Yong-Li YinChina Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing 100094, China Search for more papers by this author , Du-Li YuBeijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China Search for more papers by this author , Jin-Pei YuInnovation Academy for Microsatellites, CAS, Shanghai 201800, China Search for more papers by this author , Tao YuChangchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, CAS, Changchun 130033, China Search for more papers by this author , Ài-Bing ZhangNational Space Science Center, CAS, Beijing 100190, China Search for more papers by this author , Bing ZhangInstitute of Earthquake Forecasting, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100036, China Search for more papers by this author , Chu ZhangTaiji Laboratory for Gravitational Wave Universe (Beijing/Hangzhou), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, ChinaCenter for Gravitational Wave Experiment, National Microgravity Laboratory, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China Search for more papers by this author , Min ZhangTaiji Laboratory for Gravitational Wave Universe (Beijing/Hangzhou), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, ChinaInternational Centre for Theoretical Physics Asia-Pacific (ICTP-AP) (Beijing/ Hangzhou), UCAS, Beijing 100190, ChinaHangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China Search for more papers by this author , Jing ZhangInnovation Academy for Microsatellites, CAS, Shanghai 201800, China Search for more papers by this author , Rui-Jun ZhangNational Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Vacuum Technology and Physics, Lanzhou Institute of Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China Search for more papers by this author , Xiao-Feng ZhangInnovation Academy for Microsatellites, CAS, Shanghai 201800, ChinaHarbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China Search for more papers by this author , Xiao-Qing ZhangNational Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Vacuum Technology and Physics, Lanzhou Institute of Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China Search for more papers by this author , Xue-Quan ZhangNational Space Science Center, CAS, Beijing 100190, China Search for more papers by this author , Yong-He ZhangInnovation Academy for Microsatellites, CAS, Shanghai 201800, China Search for more papers by this author , Yu-Zhu ZhangNational Space Science Center, CAS, Beijing 100190, China Search for more papers by this author , Yuan-Zhong ZhangInstitute of Theoretical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China Search for more papers by this author , Meng-Yuan ZhaoNational Space Science Center, CAS, Beijing 100190, China Search for more papers by this author , Jian ZhaoLaboratory of Space Laser Engineering and Technology Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Shanghai 201800, China Search for more papers by this author , Wei-Wei ZhaoInnovation Academy for Microsatellites, CAS, Shanghai 201800, China Search for more papers by this author , Ya ZhaoTaiji Laboratory for Gravitational Wave Universe (Beijing/Hangzhou), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, ChinaChangchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, CAS, Changchun 130033, China Search for more papers by this author , Jian-Hua ZhengNational Space Science Center, CAS, Beijing 100190, China Search for more papers by this author , Cui-Yun ZhouLaboratory of Space Laser Engineering and Technology Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Shanghai 201800, China Search for more papers by this author , Ying ZhouNational Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Vacuum Technology and Physics, Lanzhou Institute of Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China Search for more papers by this author , Ren ZhuLaboratory of Space Laser Engineering and Technology Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Shanghai 201800, China Search for more papers by this author , Xiao-Cheng ZhuInnovation Academy for Microsatellites, CAS, Shanghai 201800, ChinaHarbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China Search for more papers by this author , Xiao-Yi ZhuInstitute of Earthquake Forecasting, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100036, China Search for more papers by this author , Zhen-Cai ZhuInnovation Academy for Microsatellites, CAS, Shanghai 201800, China Search for more papers by this author , Xiao-Bo ZouLanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China Search for more papers by this author , and Zi-Ming ZouNational Space Science Center, CAS, Beijing 100190, China Search for more papers by this author https://doi.org/10.1142/S0217751X21020024Cited by:0 PreviousNext This article is part of the issue: Special Issue on Taiji Program in Space for Gravitational Universe with the First Run Key Technologies Test in Taiji-1Guest Editors: Yue-Liang Wu and Wen-Rui Hu AboutSectionsPDF/EPUB ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsRecommend to Library ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail You currently do not have access to the full text article. 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Abstract The concept of remote center of motion (RCM) is pivotal in a myriad of robotic applications, encompassing areas such as medical robotics, orientation devices, and exoskeletal systems. The efficacy of RCM technology is a determining factor in the success of these robotic domains. This paper offers an exhaustive review of RCM technologies, elaborating on their various methodologies and practical implementations. It delves into the unique characteristics of RCM across different degrees of freedom (DOFs), aiming to distill their fundamental principles. In addition, this paper categorizes RCM approaches into two primary classifications: design based and control based. These are further organized according to their respective DOFs, providing a concise summary of their core methodologies. Building upon the understanding of RCM’s versatile capabilities, this paper then transitions to an in-depth exploration of its applications across diverse robotic fields. Concluding this review, we critically analyze the existing research challenges and issues that are inherently present in both RCM methodologies and their applications. This discussion is intended to serve as a guiding framework for future research endeavors and practical deployments in related areas.
Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) technology offers opportunities for high-efficiency design and low-cost manufacturing of 3D complex parts in additive manufacturing (AM). The warpage remains a big problem which prevents the industrial application of FDM parts, especially parts fabricated by fiber-reinforced composite. In this study, an auxiliary heating plate was developed and mounted on the printing head of an FDM 3D printer to suppress the warpage of the parts made with short carbon fiber (CF)-reinforced acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymers (ABS) composites. It is found that auxiliary heating and raster angle of FDM process are the two dominating parameters on the tensile properties and the warpage of FDM parts. For the best parameter combination, 160 oC for auxiliary heating temperature and 0 degree for raster angle, the warpage was completely suppressed and the tensile strength got 31% enhancement, ductility got 439% enhancement compared to the FDM part without auxiliary heating and 0 degree in raster angle. Cyclic fatigue behavior and anisotropy of CF/ABS specimen was also significantly improved by auxiliary heating treatment. The reduced stain caused by the annealing ability of auxiliary heating during the 3D printing, is responsible for this enhancement. Compared with auxiliary heating and post thermal annealing treatment, the tensile property and cyclic fatigue behavior of CF/ABS specimen was equivalent. Notably, auxiliary heating is the "in-situ" annealing during the process of 3D printing, which can break through the existing dimension constraints of post thermal annealing treatment. Therefore, the approach broadens the design for CF/ABS composites through temperature-specific optimization and makes it possible to fabricate huge-size FDM parts.
The respiration state during overnight sleep is an important indicator of human health. However, existing contactless solutions for sleep respiration monitoring either perform in controlled environments and have low usability in practical scenarios or only provide coarse-grained respiration rates, being unable to accurately detect abnormal events in patients. In this article, we propose Respnea, a non-intrusive sleep respiration monitoring system using an ultra-wideband device. Particularly, we propose a profiling algorithm, which can locate the sleep positions in non-controlled environments and identify different subject states. Further, we construct a deep learning model that adopts a multi-head self-attention mechanism and learns the patterns implicit in the respiration signals to distinguish sleep respiration events at a granularity of seconds. To improve the generalization of the model, we propose a contrastive learning strategy to learn a robust representation of the respiration signals. We deploy our system in hospital and home scenarios and conduct experiments on data from healthy subjects and patients with sleep disorders. The experimental results show that Respnea achieves high temporal coverage and low errors (a median error of 0.27 bpm) in respiration rate estimation and reaches an accuracy of 94.44% on diagnosing the severity of sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome.
Existing contactless solutions on sleep respiration monitoring are either performed in controlled environments, having poor usability in practical scenarios, or only provide coarse-grained respiration rates, being unable to accurately detect abnormal events of patients. In this paper, we propose Respnea, a non-invasive sleep respiration monitoring system using an impulse-radio ultra-wideband (IR-UWB) radar. Particularly, we propose a profiling algorithm, which can locate the sleep positions in non-controlled environments and identify different states of subjects. Further, we construct a deep learning model which adopts a multi-headed self-attention and learn the patterns implicit in the respiration signal so as to distinguish sleep respiration events at a granularity of seconds. We conduct experiments on data collected from patients with sleep disorders and healthy subjects. The experimental results show that Respnea achieves a low error (less than 0.27 bpm) in respiration rate estimation and reaches the accuracy of 88.89% diagnosing the severity of Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome.
With the development of wireless sensing, researchers have proposed many contactless vital sign monitoring systems, which can be used to monitor respiration rates, heart rates, cardiac cycles and etc. However, these vital signs are ones of coarse granularity, so they are less helpful in the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Considering that electrocardiogram (ECG) is an important evidence base for the diagnoses of CVDs, we propose to generate ECGs from ultra-wideband (UWB) signals in a contactless manner as a fine-grained cardiac monitoring solution. Specifically, we analyze the properties of UWB signals containing heartbeats and respiration, and design two complementary heartbeat signal restoration methods to perfectly recover heartbeat signal variation. To establish the mapping between the mechanical activity of the heart sensed by UWB devices and the electrical activity of the heart recorded in ECGs, we construct a conditional generative adversarial network to encode the mapping between mechanical activity and electrical activity and propose a contrastive learning strategy to reduce the interference from noise in UWB signals. We build the corresponding cardiac monitoring system named RF-ECG and conduct extensive experiments using about 120,000 heartbeats from more than 40 participants. The experimental results show that the ECGs generated by RF-ECG have good performance in both ECG intervals and morphology compared with the ground truth. Moreover, diseases such as tachycardia/bradycardia, sinus arrhythmia, and premature contractions can be diagnosed from the ECGs generated by our RF-ECG.
Blood Pressure (BP) is a critical vital sign to assess cardiovascular health. However, existing cuff-based and wearable-based BP measurement methods require direct contact between the user's skin and the device, resulting in poor user experience and limited engagement for regular daily monitoring of BP. In this paper, we propose a contactless approach using Ultra-WideBand (UWB) signals for regular daily BP monitoring. To remove components of the received signals that are not related to the pulse waves, we propose two methods that utilize peak detection and principal component analysis to identify aliased and deformed parts. Furthermore, to extract BP-related features and improve the accuracy of BP prediction, particularly for hypertensive users, we construct a deep learning model that extracts features of pulse waves at different scales and identifies the different effects of features on BP. We build the corresponding BP monitoring system named RF-BP and conduct extensive experiments on both a public dataset and a self-built dataset. The experimental results show that RF-BP can accurately predict the BP of users and provide alerts for users with hypertension. Over the self-built dataset, the mean absolute error (MAE) and standard deviation (SD) for SBP are 6.5 mmHg and 6.1 mmHg, and the MAE and SD for DBP are 4.7 mmHg and 4.9 mmHg.
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