We report a case of an anomalous origin of left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery with severe mitral regurgitation. A 20-year-old female was admitted to hospital for recurrent syncope and dyspnea on exertion. Cardiac ausculatation revealed systolic murmur radiating to left axilla and blood pressure was 90/70 mmHg. Electrocardiography showed a nonspecific ST-T wave change on V1, V2, V6, I, & aVL leads. Holter monitering showed no significant abnormality except occasional premature ventricular complexes. Chest radiography showed mild cardiomegaly with mitral valvular heart configuration and no pulmonary abnormality. Echocardiog- raphy showed normal left ventricular dimension and systolic function with markedly dilated left atrium, severe mitral regurgitation, & severe resting pulmonary hypertension. Aortogram didn't show left coronary artery ostium. Right coronary angiogram showed normal right coronary artery which supplied major left epicardial coronary arteries via good collaterals (Rentrop grade III. Pulmonary angiogram showed anomalous origin of left coronary artery from main pulmonary trunk. She underwent mitral valvuloplasty and coronary artery bypass graft. ( ( ( (Korean Circulation J 2000;30( ( ( (10 :1323-1327
BACKGROUND EDG (endothelial differentiation gene)-2 is a membrane receptor for LPA (lysophosphatidic acid) which is the major lysophospholipid growth factor generated by platelet activation. We foc...
The present study evaluated the efficacy of a combination of ibandronate and cholecalciferol on the restoration of the levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) and various bone markers in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.This was a randomized, double-blind, active-controlled, prospective 16-week clinical trial conducted in 20 different hospitals. A total of 201 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis were assigned randomly to one of two groups: the IBN group, which received a once-monthly pill containing 150 mg ibandronate (n=99), or the IBN+ group, which received a once-monthly pill containing 150 mg ibandronate and 24,000 IU cholecalciferol (n=102). Serum levels of 25(OH)D, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and various bone markers were assessed at baseline and at the end of a 16-week treatment period.After 16 weeks of treatment, the mean serum levels of 25(OH)D significantly increased from 21.0 to 25.3 ng/mL in the IBN+ group but significantly decreased from 20.6 to 17.4 ng/mL in the IBN group. Additionally, both groups exhibited significant increases in mean serum levels of PTH but significant decreases in serum levels of bone-specific alkaline phosphatase and C-telopeptide of type 1 collagen (CTX) at 16 weeks; no significant differences were observed between the groups. However, in subjects with a vitamin D deficiency, IBN+ treatment resulted in a significant decrease in serum CTX levels compared with IBN treatment.The present findings demonstrate that a once-monthly pill containing ibandronate and cholecalciferol may be useful for the amelioration of vitamin D deficiency in patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis. Moreover, this treatment combination effectively decreased serum levels of resorption markers, especially in subjects with a vitamin D deficiency, over the 16-week treatment period.
This study purpose to learn about the impact of the grit on high school basketball player’s achievement goal orientation and performance. To this end, 303 high school basketball teams registered with the Korea Basketball Association were selected from the population of high school basketball players in the Seoul metropolitan area, Chungcheong-do, and Jeolla-do. A total of 303 data were used in the final analysis. First, Grit (persistence of interest, steady effort) has been shown to have a partial positive(+) effect on task goal orientation and self goal orientation, which are sub-factors of achievement goal orientation. Second, Grit (persistence of interest, steady effort) has been shown to have a partial positive(+) effect on performance. Third, achievement goal orientation (task goal orientation, self goal orientation) has been shown to have a partial positive(+) effect on concentration and confidence, which are sub-factors of performance.
There are more than 350 species of Chromis fish in the world. Its distribution covers tropical and subtropical water areas. Spesific geographical conditions determine fish development. This study aims to analyze morphometric meristik, and the differences between chromis fish characters in Indonesia and Korea waters. The research methods were consisted of descriptive methods, Kruskal-Wallis, and Mann Whitney test.The result showed the total length of Abudefduf sexfasciatus found in Palabuhan ratu and Pramuka Island water territories are ranged from 9.9 to 10.2 cm and 7.7 to 13.0 cm.This fish has a dorsal fin, caudal fin which consists of 12-17 weak fingers, and ventral fin consists of 1 hard finger and 4-6 weak fingers. Abudefduf vaigiensis’ found in Palabuhan ratu, Buton Island, Sorong, and Korea water has each ranging total length from 6.0 to 10.6 cm, 10.9 -12.3 cm, 11 cm, and 5.0 to 8.6 cm.The differences are in the caudal and ventral fin. Morphometric characters of Abudefduf sexfasciatus found in Palabuhan ratu and Pramuka Island water territories relatively similar. Morphometric characters of Abudefduf vaigiensis found in Korean waters was not significantly different with Palabuhan ratu, Buton Island, and Sorong water territories. Compared with the other two locations, Abudefduf vaigiensis found the island of Buton water territory has closely related family with the Korean water’s
Background— Surgical indications to prevent systemic embolism in infective endocarditis (IE) remain controversial. We sought to compare clinical outcomes of early surgery with conventional treatment in IE patients with embolic indications only. Methods and Results— From 1998 to 2006, we prospectively enrolled 132 consecutive patients (86 men; age, 49±17 years) with definite IE. Patients were included if they had a left-sided native valve endocarditis with vegetation. The choice of early surgery or conventional treatment was at the discretion of attending physician. Early surgery was performed on 64 patients (OP group) within 7 days of diagnosis, and conventional management was chosen for 68 patients (CONV group). The OP group had larger vegetations and a higher percentage of patients with severe valvular disease (88% versus 62%, P =0.001). During initial hospitalization, there were no embolic events and 2 in-hospital deaths in the OP group and 14 embolic events and 2 in-hospital deaths in the CONV group. During a median follow-up of 1402 days, there were 2 cardiovascular deaths, 2 embolic events, and 1 recurrence of IE in the CONV group, and 1 cardiovascular death and 2 embolic events in the OP group. The 5-year event-free survival rate was significantly higher in the OP group (93±3%) than in the CONV group (73±5%, P =0.0016). For 44 propensity score–matched pairs, the OP group had a lower event rate (hazard ratio, 0.18; P =0.007). Conclusions— Compared with conventional treatment, an early surgery strategy is associated with improved clinical outcomes by effectively decreasing systemic embolism in patients with IE.
The flower buds of Magnolia fargesii, known traditionally as Xinyi, exert anti-inflammatory effects against inflammatory lung diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Lignans isolated from Xinyi are an important group of plant-derived anti-inflammatory compounds. However, the mechanisms of action underlying their protective effects against COPD are not yet fully understood. Here, we showed that seven lignans (lignans 1-7) obtained from a CHCl3 fraction of Xinyi effectively suppress the inflammatory response in cigarette smoke condensate (CSC)-stimulated airway epithelial cells (in vitro) and in a mouse model of COPD established by exposure to cigarette smoke (CS) and lipopolysaccharides (LPS). The CHCl3 fraction was found to inhibit CSC-induced IL-6 expression in human airway epithelial cells, and to suppress the infiltration of inflammatory cells (neutrophils and macrophages) and secretion of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the mouse model. Similarly, each of the seven lignans isolated from the CHCl3 fraction also suppressed the infiltration of inflammatory cells (neutrophils and macrophages) and secretion of inflammatory mediators such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), TNF-α, and IL-6 in vivo. Notably, all lignan compounds significantly suppressed both extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) and Akt phosphorylation levels in CSC-stimulated human lung mucoepidermoid carcinoma (NCI-H292) cells. Of these, lignan 1 (dimethylpinoresinol) inhibited the expression of CSC-induced inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, -6 and -8) in vitro in a dose-dependent manner by suppressing the activation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and its downstream effectors, including ERK and Akt, in NCI-H292 cells. Our results show that the lignans isolated from Xinyi may prevent airway inflammatory diseases through the suppression of EGFR and its downstream effectors.
Derivatives of caffeic acid have been reported to possess diverse pharmacological properties such as anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and neuroprotective effects.However, the biological activity of methyl p-hydroxycinnamate, an ester derivative of caffeic acid, has not been clearly demonstrated.This study aimed to elucidate the anti-inflammatory mechanism of methyl p-hydroxycinnamate in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells.Methyl p-hydroxycinnamate significantly inhibited LPSinduced excessive production of pro-inflammatory mediators such as nitric oxide (NO) and PGE 2 and the protein expression of iNOS and COX-2.Methyl p-hydroxycinnamate also suppressed LPS-induced overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1b and TNF-a.In addition, methyl p-hydroxycinnamate significantly suppressed LPS-induced degradation of IκB, which retains NF-κB in the cytoplasm, consequently inhibiting the transcription of pro-inflammatory genes by NF-κB in the nucleus.Methyl p-hydroxycinnamate exhibited significantly increased Akt phosphorylation in a concentration-dependent manner.Furthermore, inhibition of Akt signaling pathway with wortmaninn abolished methyl p-hydroxycinnamate-induced Akt phosphorylation.Taken together, the present study clearly demonstrates that methyl p-hydroxycinnamate exhibits anti-inflammatory activity through the activation of Akt signaling pathway in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells.
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