Efficient urban land use plays a crucial role in promoting regional development and ensuring economic growth. Analyzing the spatio–temporal pattern of urban land high-quality use (ULHU) and identifying its key influencing factors and pathways can contribute to enhancing land use efficiency and achieving high-quality development. This study established a comprehensive measurement indicator system for evaluating ULHU using the entropy method and investigated the spatio–temporal evolution pattern of ULHU in the Greater Pearl River Delta (PRD) urban agglomeration in the years 2005, 2010, 2015 and 2020. Furthermore, a multi-period fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis method was adopted to explore the concurrent driving mechanisms that impact ULHU from the configuration perspective. The findings reveal that the level of ULHU has exhibited a significant improvement, increasing from 0.1150 in 2005 to 0.2758 in 2020, with an annual growth rate of 8.739%. The spatial pattern in the PRD region exhibits an incremental distribution, characterized by higher values in the central region and lower values in the peripheral area, as this pattern reveals significant heterogeneity across the region. The configurations for ULHU in the PRD were identified, such as Population-industry-talent driven, Openness-fiscal-talent driven, Population-led, and Population-industry driven. Among these configurations, population density and industrial structure were identified as the core driving factors, while the role of talent resources is gradually diminishing. This study provides practical guidance for promoting the ULHU and optimizing national spatial planning.
Dynamic changes in total organic carbon (TOC) concentration in lakes and reservoirs affect the functions of aquatic ecosystems and are a key component of water quality management, especially in drinking water sources. The Danjiangkou Reservoir is the water source area of the Middle Route Project of the South-to-North Water Diversion in China. Its water quality is of critical importance to the safety of water diversion. TOC concentration and other environmental factors at 19 sampling sites in the Danjiangkou Reservoir were investigated quarterly during 2020–2021 to explore the differences at the spatio-temporal scales. A generalized additive model (GAM) was used to analyze the environmental factors correlated with the observed spatio-temporal variations of TOC concentration. The results showed that the comprehensive trophic level index (TLI) of the Danjiangkou Reservoir was under the state of intermediate nutrition, and the water quality was overall good. In terms of temporal patterns, TOC concentration was higher in both spring and summer and lower in other seasons. Spatially, TOC concentrations were found in descending order from the site of outlet, Han reservoir, entrance of reservoir, and Dan reservoir. The single-factor GAM model showed that TOC correlated with different environmental factors across spatio-temporal scales. Water temperature (WT), permanganate index (CODMn), and ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N) were significantly correlated with TOC in autumn, but only total nitrogen (TN) and transparency (SD) were significant in winter. Spatially, WT, chemical oxygen demand (COD), NH4+-N, TN, and conductivity (Cond) correlated with TOC in the Dan reservoir, but WT, COD, NH4+-N, total phosphorus (TP), and chlorophyll a (Chl.a) were significant in the Han reservoir. The multi-factor GAM model indicated that the environmental factors correlated with TOC concentration were mainly WT, TN, Cond, CODMn, and TP, among which WT and Cond showed a significant linear relationship with TOC concentration (edf = 1, p < 0.05), while TN, CODMn, and TP had a significant nonlinear relationship with TOC concentration (edf > 1, p < 0.05). Comprehensive trophic level index (TLI) and TOC concentration revealed a highly significant correlation (R2 = 0.414, p < 0.001). Therefore, the GAM model could well explain the environmental factors associated with the spatio-temporal dynamics of TOC concentration, providing a reference for the evaluation of water quality and research on the carbon cycle in similar inland reservoirs.
In the value estimation of intangible assets of software producers, attention should be paid to the characteristic of software producers, the classification and the expense. On these bases, the software expenses are confirmed and calculated.
In this paper,a hydrogeological model for the Yellow River Farm area is formulated by analyzing the observed data of rainfall,evaporation,surface runoff,irrigation and groundwater level in the area,the finite element subsurface flow system(FEFLOW) software is then used to etablish a three-dimensional numerical groundwater flow model for the Yellow River Farm area,and the observed groundwater level data are used to calibrate the model.The groundwater discharge fluxes to the sea from two groundwater aquifers in the area are estimated by using this model,and the nutrient concentrations in the groundwater are analyzed to obtain different nutrient fluxes to the sea transported by the groundwater in the study area.
In recent years, the number of ransomware- related cyberattacks has dramatically increased, posing an escalating threat to cybersecurity. Therefore, this paper proposes a multi-view feature fusion approach aimed at improving the accuracy and robustness of ransomware detection. Firstly, distinct features from executable files, including dynamic, static, and image features, are extracted separately. These features are then fused to construct a comprehensive feature vector. Simultaneously, a weight self- learning mechanism is introduced during the feature fusion process to dynamically adjust the weights of different features, reducing noise and interference from irrelevant features. Finally, through an evaluation on a real ransomware dataset, we demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Experimental results indicate a significant performance improvement in ransomware detection tasks using this approach.
The effects of electron accepter of O2 and NO-3on the real YH and observed yield Yobs of activated sludge were studied through 30 batch tests in two SBR reactors in this paper.In the batch tests multiple sorts of substrate were used and the inoculated sludge was cultivated in SBR reactor for long period.The results showed that there was significant difference of real YH at different condition for electron accepter of O2 and NO-3.It was 0.53 and 0.68 mg COD/mg COD for anaerobic and aerobic condition,respectively.This was because different electrons needed different microbial population,which had different cell yield.But there was no significant difference for observed yield Yobs(0.33 and 0.35 g △MLVSS/g △COD respectively)at both anaerobic and aerobic conditions,because the endogenesis respiration of aerobic sludge was stronger consequently more sludge being attenuated.
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