Previous studies have demonstrated the remarkable properties of quad-rotor-shaped two-dimensional nonfullerene acceptors (2D NFAs), which encompass exceptional electron affinity, robust sunlight absorption, effective exciton separation, and accelerated electron transfer capabilities. Naphthalene has been demonstrated to be a significant 2D fused core to construct high-performance 2D NFAs. However, synthesizing such materials through existing synthetic pathways poses a significant challenge. In this work, we designed four 2D NFAs (TEA-SIC, TEA-SIC-8F, TEA-SIC-OH, and TEA-SIC-OH-8F) with an anthracene core. These NFAs can theoretically be synthesized into a quad-rotor configuration through a seven-step synthetic process. Theoretical calculations have demonstrated that these 2D NFAs exhibit superior electron-accepting abilities, enhanced sunlight absorption, and more efficient exciton dissociation compared to Y6. Furthermore, TEA-SIC and TEA-SIC-8F exhibited impressive electron mobilities of 1.76 × 10
Thermocouple is a very popular and effective sensor for temperature measurement. But how to eliminate the interference of the temperature of cold junction is always a problem. A method based on recursive B-spline least-squares is proposed as a solution. The method establishes two models to convert the cold junction temperature to electromotive force (EMF) and the hot junction EMF to temperature respectively. And in the middle of them, the famous law of intermediate temperature is used to translate the measured EMF into the hot junction EMF. B-spline least-squares is adopted because of its great quality of approximation. Recursive approach is used to simplify the operation and make it suitable to be used in MPU. The simulate results show that the method is of high precision and stabilization whose average relative error is only 0.01% and has a powerful ability to reduce the nonlinearity of thermocouples.
Background: Historically, the treatment options for small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients with supraclavicular (SCLN) and/or cervical lymph node (CLN) metastasis have been a topic of controversy. The purpose of this article is to discuss the treatment regimen in this population.Methods: Between January 2016 to December 2021, SCLC patients with SCLN and/or CLN metastasis across two tertiary medical centers were enrolled. Propensity score matching (PSM) with a 2:1 ratio was performed. The primary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).Results: A total of 209 SCLC patients with SCLN and/or CLN metastasis were enrolled. After PSM, 156 patients were included, with 104 receiving RT and 52 receiving non-RT. Patients who received RT achieved longer mPFS (median PFS) (11.1 months vs. 5.7 months; HR 0.39, p < 0.001) and mOS (median OS) (27.0 months vs. 14.1 months, HR 0.35, p < 0.001) compared to those without RT after matching. Patients who received RT before 4 cycles of chemotherapy had better mPFS (11.6 months vs. 9.6 months, HR 1.59, p = 0.039) than those who received RT after 4 cycles. The predominant grade ≥3 adverse event observed was leukopenia (affecting 51 [49.0%] of 104 patients in the RT group vs. 12 [23.1%] of 52 in the non-RT group). Grade ≥3 pneumonitis and oesophagitis were reported in 4.8% and 8.7% of patients, respectively.Conclusion: RT could enhance survival for SCLC patients with SCLN and/or CLN metastasis, while maintaining a manageable safety profile. Individualized earlier implementation of RT based on the specifics of the lesion will prolong survival. These patients could be managed as limited-stage SCLC (LS-SCLC) rather than extensive-stage SCLC (ES-SCLC) with advancements in RT.
This paper presents the design and development of a humanoid dual-arm robot called DARO, along with its improved version, DARO-N. DARO and DARO-N consist of two arms and humanoid hands, each with 6/7 degrees of freedom for the arms and 7 active degrees of freedom for the hands. Modular commercial actuators are employed as the driving joints of the arms, allowing for reduced development time and cost. The design principles of modularity, simplicity, lightweight construction, human likeness, information perception capability, and scalability are incorporated into the design. Furthermore, this work establishes a control framework for the humanoid dual-arm robot and conducts simulations and multiple physical experiments to validate the performance of the robots.
In this paper we propose a novel variational formulation for arbitrary surface reconstruction from 3D scattered points. An implicit surface is adopted for its more advantages, such as continuity and differentiability, easy estimation of points inside or outside the shape, and convenient implementation for these complicated set operations. The presented new energy functional in this paper considers more factors on properties of the scattered points (including distances and normal vectors), smoothness and the constraint of the signed distance function. The gradient flow which minimizes the total energy functional updates and drives the motion of the zero level set interface to the desired surface. The derived formulations were applied to certain 3D surface reconstruction with good results.
Abstract Background: The overabundance of methylmalonic acid due to the mutation of methylmalonyl-CoA mutase in the mitochondria contributes to hepatocyte damage, impacting various functions, especially energy metabolism. Our study focuses on analyzing transcriptomic alterations induced by methylmalonic acid to elucidate novel mechanisms through which the deficiency of methylmalonyl-CoA mutase causes cellular damage. Results: In this study, we observed that excessive accumulated methylmalonic acid inhibited endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-phagy by downregulating the expression of the ER-phagy receptor FAM134B. This inhibition coincided with an increase in extracellular Ca 2+ influx, which aimed to counterbalance the insufficient Ca 2+ levels within the overloaded ER. In addition, methylmalonic acid accumulation in hepatocytes triggered ER stress, initiating unfolded protein response via IRE1α-XBP1 pathway. This response aimed to eliminate misfolded proteins and restore ER homeostasis. Moreover, ER stress and increased Ca 2+ levels in the cytoplasm activated autophagy, facilitating the degradation misfolded proteins and the affected organelles. The persistent presence of methylmalonic acid hindered mitophagy by inducing the expression of BCL2L1, leading to the accumulation of dysfunctional mitochondria in hepatocytes, thereby exacerbating cellular damage. Conclusions: Our study delves into the impact of methylmalonic acid on hepatocyte functions, shedding light on the interplay between ER-phagy, ER stress, disturbances in Ca 2+ flow and mitophagy. By examining these intricate mechanisms, our research unveils promising, previously unexplored therapeutic targets for methylmalonic acidemia.
Hydrodynamic coefficient estimation is crucial to the shape design, dynamic modeling, and control of underwater vehicles. In this paper, we conduct a numerical study on the hydrodynamic coefficient estimation of an underactuated underwater vehicle (actuated only in the surge, heave, and yaw degrees of freedom) by adopting the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach. Firstly, the mechanical structure of an underactuated underwater vehicle is briefly introduced, and the dynamic model of the underwater vehicle with hydrodynamic effects is established. Then, steady and unsteady Reynolds Averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) simulations are carried out to numerically simulate the towing test, rotating arm test, and Planar Motion Mechanism (PMM) test of the underwater vehicle numerically. To simulate unsteady motions of the underactuated underwater vehicle, a sliding mesh model is adopted to simulate flows in the computational fluid domain that contain multiple moving zones and capture the unsteady interactions between the underwater vehicle and the flow field. Finally, the estimated hydrodynamic coefficients of the underwater vehicle are validated in a physical experiment platform, and the results show that the numerical estimates are in good agreement with the experimental data.
Based on experiment about studying the regenerative braking technology of quadratic regulating hydrostatic transmission hybrid dynamic system,experiments about constant torque,constant power and constant speed which control energy-saving braking were done,aiming at introducing regenerative braking mode.We have obtained useful conclusions and compared them.