Abstract Two typical wastes, acidic wastewater and titanium‐bearing blast furnace slag, are generated in the smelting process of vanadium‐titanium magnetite. Generally, the acidic wastewater is neutralized by lime or limestone and titanium‐bearing blast furnace slag is directly stacked in the tailings pond, which not only pollutes the ecological environment but also causes the waste of metal resources. In this study, a collaborative utilization process for efficient extraction of titanium, iron, magnesium, and aluminum from acidic wastewater and low titanium‐bearing blast furnace (LTBBF) slag was proposed. At the leaching temperature of 80°C, the leaching time of 50 min, and the liquid–solid ratio of 9:1, 99.26% Ti, 99.47% Mg, and 99.45% Al could be extracted from LTBBF slag by acidic wastewater. Leaching residue mainly composed of Ca and Si could be used as silicon fertilizer. The Ti in the leaching solution could be separated by adding Na 3 PO 4 . The precipitation efficiency of Ti reached 98.53% under the molar ratio of Na 3 PO 4 to TiO 2 of 1.4, reaction temperature of 85°C, and reaction time of 40 min. The titanium phosphate ((TiO) 2 P 2 O 7 ) was obtained by calcination of the precipitate at 900°C for 3 h. Adding oxalic acid to the filtrate above, the precipitation efficiency of Fe, Mg, and Mn reached 96.47%, 99.21%, and 99.45%, respectively, under the optimal conditions, while the precipitation efficiency of Al was only .38%. By adjusting the pH of the filtrate to 6.5, 99.83% Al could be precipitated as Al(OH) 3 , and the final solution was evaporated to obtain Na 2 SO 4 products. The method proposed realizes the harmless treatment of acidic wastewater and LTBBF slag and recovers the metal resources in both of them.
A deep-sea manganese nodule contains a great deal of metallic elements,if exploited properly,it'll be a valuable substitute resource for land metallic ore.The major processing technologies are introduced,whose development has been going on both at home and abroad in the past half century.The existing pyrometallurgical technology is quite suitable for processing high-grade ore,and the process flow is shorter relatively,but the energy consumption is higher.While the hydrometallurgical technology is quite suitable for processing low-grade and complicated ore,and the energy consumption is lower,but the process flow is longer relatively.The combined technology of the pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy is suitable for ores with different content and different types,but the process flow is still longer and the energy consumption is higher.In recent years,many researchers have made helpful attempts on hydrometallurgical reductive leaching,and they open up a new way of thinking.They will in the future pay much more attention to comprehensive utilization and environmental requirements,as well as carry out in-situ processing,etc.
The process of valuable metals recovery from ocean polymetallic nodules by the 3-phases oxidation method is investigated. It is indicated by the results that the conversion of manganese in the polymetallic nodules is above 95%, the enrichment rate of ferrous and nickel is above 98%, and the copper and cobalt is above 95% under condition of temperature 280～320℃, reaction time 2～4h, nodule size 68～90μm, superficial velocity 0.071～0.127m/s. The 3-phases oxidation method is a feasible hydrometallurgical process to deal with the ocean polymetallic nodules. The series and high value of the products is realized, furthermore the idea of clean production and resources regeneration and recycling is embodied by adoption of the 3-phases oxidation method.
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